Adikara Constitutional Complaint Pada Mahkamah Konstitusi Republik Indonesia: Disparitas Dimensi Judicial Restraint Dan Judicial Activism
Keywords:
pemilihan kepala daerah; calon tunggal; mahkamah konstitusi
Abstract
Penelitian ini dibuat untuk menganalisa kedudukan wewenang Mahkamah Konstitusi Republik Indonesia terkait Constitutional Complaint diantara dua disparitas dimensi Judicial Restraint dan Judicial Activism, dimana Constitutional Complaint merupakan wewenang dasar Mahakamah Konstitusi seluruh dunia untuk melindungi hak-hak dasar setiap warga negara (The Protect of Human Right) sebagai upaya preventif akhir (exhousted of justice), namun tidak dengan Indonesia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Constitutional Complaint merupakan hal yang sangat penting dalam sebuah negara hukum, dimana konsekuensinya adalah perlindungan atas hak asasi manusia bagi setiap masyarakatnya. Adikara Mahkamah Konstitusi terlimitasi pada konstitusi dan peraturan perundang-undangan yang berlaku saat ini, sehingga hal ini yang menjadi dasar dan pokok argumentasi dimensi Judicial Restraint, lain halnya dengan gagasan Judicial Activism yang beranggapan penyelesaian sengketa Constitutional Complaint dapat diakomodir oleh Mahkamah Konstitusi tanpa harus menunggu amandemen konstitusi yang syarat akan kepentingan politik.
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References
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Bryan A. Gamer, Black’s Law Dictonary, (St. Paul Minn: West Group, 1999)
Charles Sampford & Kim Preston, Interpreting Constitution, (Sydney: The Federation Press, 1996),
David P. Currie, The Constitution of the Federal Repu blic of Germany, (Chicago and London: the University of Chicago Press, 1994)
David Strauss, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/judicial_activism (3 Desember 2019)
Donald L. Horowitz, Constitutional Courts: A Primer for Decision Makers dalam Journal of Democracy, Volume 17, Number 4, October 2006
E.W. Thomas, The Judicial Process: Realism, Pragmatism, Practical Reasoning and Principles, (Cambridge-New York-Melbourne-Madrid-Cape Town-Singapore-Sao Paulo: Cambridge University Press, 2005)
H. Hausmaninger, The Austrian Legal System, Manzshe Verlags- (Wien: und Universalatsbuchhandlung, 2003)
Hamdan Zoelva, Penerapan Pengaduan Konstitutional (Constitutional Complaint) di Berbagai Negara, Makalah Mahkamah Konstitusi Republik Indonesia, 2010, 7.
Herman Schwartz, The Struggle for Constitutional Justice in post-Communist Europe, (Chicago and London: the University of Chicago Press, 2000)
I Dewa Gede Palguna, Pengaduan Konstitusional, Upaya Hukum terhadap Pelanggaran Ha-Hak Konstitusional Warga Negara (Jakart: Sinar Grafika, 2013)
J.L. Jowell and J.P.W.B. McAuslan, Lord Denning: the Judge and the law, first Indian Reprint, (Delhi: Universal Law Publishing Co.Pvt.Ltd., 2004)
Jimly Asshidqie, Model-model Pengujian Konstitusional di Berbagai Negara, Cetakan ke-2, (Jakarta: Konpres, 2005)
John Ferejohn, Constitutional Culture and Democratic Rule, (United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press, 2001)
John Hart Ely, Democrazy and Distrust. A Theory of Judicial Review, (Cambridge-Massachusetts-London: Hardvard University Press, 1980)
John Hatchard, Muna Ndulo, and Peter Slinn, Comparative Constitutionalism and good governannce in the Commonwealth. An Eastern and Southem African Perspective, (Cambridge-New York- Melbourne – Madrid – Cape Town – Singapore – Sao Paolo: Cambridge University Press, 2004)
Johny Ibrahim, Teori dan Metodologi Pennelitian Hukum Normatif, (Malang: Bayumedia Publishing, 2006)
Majelis Permusyawaratan Rakyat Republik Indonesia, 2003, Panduan Dalam Memasyarakatkan Undang-undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia tahun 1945: Latar Belakang, Proses dan Hasil Perubahan Undang-undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945, Sekretariat Jenderal MPR RI, Mahkamah Konstitusi dibentuk pada Perubahan Ke Tiga.
Mauro Cappeletti, The Judical Process in Comparative Perspective, (Claredon Press: Oxford 1989), .
Moh. Mahfud MD, Konstitusi dan Hukum Dalam Kontroversi Isu, (Jakarta: Rajawali Pers, 2009),
Norbert Eschborn, Tugas dan Tantangan Mahkamah Konstitusi di Negara-negara Transformasi Dengan Contoh Indonesia, (Jakarta: Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung)
Peter Mahmud Marzuki, Penelitian Hukum Edisi Revisi (Jakarta: Kencana, 2017)
Ralph C. Chandler et.al, The Constitutional Law Dictonary, Volume I: Individual Rights, (Oxford: Clio Press Ltd., 1985)
Ramly Hutabarat, Hukum dan Demokrasi, (Jakarta: Biro Riset DDII, 1999)
Raymond Youngs, English. French & German Comprative Law, Second Edition, (London-Sydney-Porland: Cavendish Publishing Ltd, 2007)
Robert J.Janosik (Ed.), Encyclopedia of the American Judicial System, Volume III, (New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1987)
Robert Lowry Clinton, Marbury v. Madison and Judicial Review, (Kansas: University Press of Kansas, 1989)
Sigrid Born (Ed.), Law on the Federal Constitutional Court (translated by Martin Fry), (Bonn: Intern Nationes, 1996)
Soerjono Soekanto, Pengantar Penelitian Hukum (Jakarta: UI Pers, 1986)
The Federal Constitutional Court, Constitutional Complaint dalam http://www.bundesverfassungsgericht.de/en/organization/verfassungsbeschwerde.html, Diakses tanggal 01 November 2019,
Tom Ginsburg, Judicial Review in New Democrates. Constitutional Courts in Azian Cases, (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003)
Victor Ferreres Comella Is The European Model of Constitutional Review in Crisis?, paper presented for the 12th Annual Conference on the Individual Vs. The State, June 18-19, (Budapest, Central European University, 2004)