Status Hukum Calon Anggota Legislatif Terpilih Yang Ter-Recall oleh Partai Politik

Abstract

Fenomena penggantian caleg terpilih yang disebabkan oleh recall partai politik pengusungnya kembali terjadi pada Pemilu tahun 2019. Sejumlah partai politik mengganti kadernya yang telah berhasil menjadi calon anggota legislatif terpilih tanpa alasan yang jelas. Beberapa caleg terpilih yang telah berhasil memenangkan suara terbanyak dari konstituennya menjadi kehilangan hak konstitusional akibat dari recall oleh partai politiknya. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji hak konstitusional calon anggota legislatif terpilih yang di-recall oleh partai politiknya serta konstruksi pengaturan terhadap pemecatan anggota partai politik yang berdampak pada ketidakjelasan status hukum calon anggota legislatif terpilih. Adapun penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif dengan menggunakan dua pendekatan yaitu pendekatan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan konseptual. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah calon anggota legislatif terpilih berhak untuk dilantik menjadi anggota legislatif yang sah. Apabila ada penggantian dari partai politiknya, prosedur yang dilakukan harus sesuai dengan undang-undang yang mengatur. Penggantian calon terpilih akibat diberhentikan partai politiknya dengan alasan melanggar AD dan ART tidak dapat serta merta dibenarkan. Karena klausula “melanggar AD dan ART.” belum diberi kejelasan dan batasan sehingga pengaturannya cenderung mengandung muatan politis dan berpotensi menghilangkan hak konstitusional calon anggota legislatif terpilih.

The phenomenon of replacing elected candidates due to the recall of the political parties that bear them again occurred in the 2019 Election. A number of political parties have replaced their cadres who have succeeded in becoming elected legislative candidates for no apparent reason. Several elected candidates who have succeeded in winning the most votes from their constituents have lost their constitutional rights as a result of the recall by their political parties. This research aims to examine the constitutional rights of elected legislative member candidates who are recalled by their political parties and the construction of regulations on the dismissal of political party members which have an impact on the unclear legal status of the elected legislative candidates. This research uses normative legal research methods using two approaches, namely the statutory approach and the conceptual approach. The result of this research is that the elected legislative member candidates have the right to be appointed as legitimate members of the legislature. If there is a replacement from a political party, the procedure to be carried out must be in accordance with the governing law. Replacement of elected candidates due to dismissal of their political parties on the grounds of violating the AD and ART cannot be justified automatically. Because the clause "violates the AD and ART." clarity and limitations have not been given so that the regulations tend to contain political content and have the potential to diminish the constitutional rights of elected legislative candidates.