Analisis Studi Kasus: Peran Mahkamah Syariah Aceh Sebagai Wujud Otonomi Khusus di Tengah Sistem Hukum Nasional Indonesia
Abstract
This study examines the position, authority, and historical background of the Sharia Court (Mahkamah Syar’iyah) in Aceh as a manifestation of special autonomy within Indonesia’s national legal system. This phenomenon is significant as it reflects the integration of national law with local Islamic values. The objective of this research is to provide a comprehensive understanding of how the Sharia Court operates as an autonomous judicial institution while remaining integrated within the national system. This study employs a qualitative approach with a descriptive-analytical design using observation, interviews, and document analysis. The findings indicate that the Sharia Court holds a strong legal position, possesses broader authority compared to other religious courts, and enjoys high historical and social legitimacy within Acehnese society. Furthermore, the implementation of its authority is evident in practice, although challenges remain in regulatory synchronization and technical execution. Therefore, the Mahkamah Syar’iyah Aceh represents a harmonious balance between state policy and local needs. This study highlights the importance of an adaptive and contextual legal approach in maintaining the balance between national unity and regional diversity.
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References
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