PEMBLOKIRAN ASET DAN AKSES DATA PRIBADI BERBASIS ELEKTRONIK TANPA IZIN PENGADILAN PERSPEKTIF SIYASAH DUSTURIYAH
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18860/mlijo.v1i3.32954Keywords:
Asset Blocking, Data Privacy, New Criminal Procedure Code, Siyasah DusturiyahAbstract
The rapid development of cyber technology requires reform of Indonesia’s criminal procedure law to address cybercrime effectively. Law Number 20 of 2025 concerning the Criminal Procedure Code (New Criminal Procedure Code) expands investigators’ coercive powers, including blocking cyber assets and accessing electronic data in urgent situations without prior court approval. This study aims to analyze the legality and implications of these digital coercive measures and examine them from the perspective of Siyasah Dusturiyah (Islamic constitutional law). This study employs a qualitative descriptive normative legal method by examining the New Criminal Procedure Code and classical and contemporary siyasah fiqh literature. The findings indicate that the urgent situation clause, based largely on investigators’ subjective assessment, may create risks of abuse of power, undermine due process of law, and threaten constitutional rights to privacy and property. From the perspective of Siyasah Dusturiyah, granting extensive executive authority without independent judicial oversight may encourage arbitrary action and conflict with the principle that public authority must be exercised for the benefit of society (tasharruf al-imam ‘ala al-ra‘iyyah manuthun bi al-maslahah). Therefore, this study proposes strengthening judicial oversight through a rapid electronic court authorization system (e-permission), inspired by the supervisory function historically associated with Wilayat al-Mazalim, to ensure accountability and substantive justice.
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