Reconceptualizing Inheritance Law in Indonesia’s Islamic Compilation (KHI): A Normative Reassessment Through the Lens of Ibn Mas‘ud’s Jurisprudence
Abstract
The Compilation of Islamic Law (Kompilasi Hukum Islam, KHI) in Indonesia, particularly in its inheritance provisions, continues to exhibit normative gaps that may result in inequities in the distribution of estates. This study seeks to reconceptualize key aspects of inheritance law in the KHI by drawing on the jurisprudential perspectives of the Prophet’s companion, Ibn Mas‘ud. Using a juridical-normative methodology, enriched with conceptual and comparative approaches, the article examines eight core areas of Islamic inheritance law: the inheritance rights of grandchildren as ashab, the legal position of granddaughters in the presence of daughters or great-grandchildren, the status of consanguine and uterine siblings, inheritance rights of cousins, the application of the radd principle, and the hijab (exclusion) mechanism involving grandfathers. The findings reveal that Ibn Mas‘ud’s reasoning prioritizes substantive justice and maslahah (public interest), diverging from the jumhur ulama who typically adhere strictly to classical doctrines of furudh and qiyas. His approach demonstrates greater adaptability to contemporary socio-legal realities, especially in protecting the rights of heirs who may otherwise be marginalized under a rigid framework. Based on these insights, the article proposes a reinterpretation of several KHI provisions, particularly those concerning heir eligibility, the rights of siblings and cousins, and the standing of grandfathers and granddaughters. This reconceptualization aims to foster an Islamic inheritance law framework in Indonesia that is both doctrinally grounded and socially responsive.
Downloads
References
Ali, Zainuddin. Metode Penelitian Hukum. Jakarta: Sinar Grafika, 2022.
Al-Zuhri, Muhammad ibn Sa’ad ibn Mani’ Abu Abdullah al Bashri. Thabaqat al-Kubra li Ibn Sa’ad (1968).
AM, Ustadz Ahmad Muntaha. “Tafsir Surat An-Nisa’ Ayat 12.” nuonline, n.d. https://islam.nu.or.id/tafsir/tafsir-surat-an-nisa-ayat-12-owN2m.
Asshoubuni, Muhammad Ali. Almirats Fi Syari’atis Islamiyyah Fi Dhow’il Kitab Wa Sunah. Beirut: Darul Kahfi Alami, n.d.
Aṭ-Ṭaḥḥān, ʿAbd ar-Raḥīm. Khuṭab Wa Durūs Asy-Syaikh ʿAbd Ar-Raḥīm Aṭ-Ṭaḥḥān. Mawqiʿ asy-Syaikh, 2010.
Bachri, Syabbul. “Rekonstruksi Kewarisan Islam: Studi Hermeneutika Ibn Abbas Atas Ayat-Ayat Waris.” Al-Istinbath: Jurnal Hukum Islam 5, no. 1 (2020): 21–50. https://doi.org/10.29240/jhi.v5i1.1197.
Fitriana, Dianita Shabha. “Studi Komparasi Konsep Hijab Dalam Sistem Kewarisan Madzhab Syiah Dan Kompilasi Hukum Islam.” Sakina: Journal of Family Studies 8, no. 1 (2024): 29–47. https://doi.org/10.18860/jfs.v8i1.6675.
Hamdi, Yusron. “Bagian Waris Sepertiga Bagi Ayah (Studi Analisis Pasal 177 Kompilasi Hukum Islam).” Undergraduate Thesis, Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim, 2011. http://etheses.uin-malang.ac.id/1613/1/07210070/.
Hani̱Sa’i̱, Muhammad Na’im. Mausu’ah Masail Jumhur Fi̱l Fiqhil Islami̱. Mesir: Darussalam Liṭṭabā’ah Wannanshar Wattauzi̱’ Wattarjamah, 2007.
Ibn Qudamah, Mouafaq Al-Din. Al-Mughni. Vol. 9. Riyadh: Dār ‘Ālam al-Kutub lil-Ṭibā‘ah wa al-Nashr wa al-Tawzī‘, 1997.
Imam Muhardinata. “Perbedaan Pandangan Dalam Pengembangan Ahli Waris Menurut Sunni, Syi’ah Dan Hazairin.” El-Ahli : Jurnal Hukum Keluarga Islam 1, no. 1 (2020): 68–87. https://doi.org/10.56874/el-ahli.v1i1.89.
I’zzuddin Ibnul Athar Abul Hasan dan Ali Bin Muhammad Al Jazari. Asadul Ghobah Fi Ma’rifatus Ṣohabah. Beirut: Darul Kutub Al Alamiyah, 1994.
Lusiana, Vinna. “Hukum Kewarisan Di Indonesia (Studi Komparatif Antara Kompilasi Hukum Islam Dengan Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Perdata).” Jurnal Alwatzikhoebillah: Kajian Islam, Pendidikan, Ekonomi, Humaniora 8, no. 2 (2022): 291–306. https://doi.org/10.37567/alwatzikhoebillah.v8i2.2022.
Made, Ni, Ananda Puteri, and Khairani Bakri. “Legal Aspect of the Late Samir ’ s Inherited According to Indonesian Islamic Inheritance Law” 5, no. 2 (2023): 451–59. https://doi.org/10.25105/refor.v5i2.16276.
Mamuji, Soerjono Soekanto dan Sri. Penelitian Hukum Normatif. Jakarta: Raja Grafindo Persada, 2006.
Ma’mun, Mohamad. “Waris Beda Agama Dalam Kitab Bidayatul Mujtahid” 8, no. 1 (2024): 1–22. https://doi.org/10.30762/mahakim.v8i1.424.
Marzuki, Peter Mahmud. Penelitian Hukum. Jakarta: Sinar Grafika, 2022.
Muntaha, Ahmad. “Tafsir Surat An-Nisa Ayat 11.” nuonline, n.d. https://islam.nu.or.id/tafsir/tafsir-surat-an-nisa-ayat-11-v7FUG.
Muttaqin, Yazid. “Hijab Dalam Ilmu Waris: Definisi, Jenis, Dan Contohnya.” nuonline. Accessed December 6, 2024. https://nu.or.id/warisan/hijab-dalam-ilmu-waris-definisi-jenis-dan-contohnya-czrcW.
Najid, Habibul Huda Bin. I’ānatun-Nāhiḍi Hiya Syarḥul-Manhalil-’Adzil-Fāiḍi Naẓmu Aḥkāmil-Farāiḍi. Cirebon: Maktabah Fadllul Wahid, 2022.
Naskur, Naskur. “Pembagian Harta Warisan Disaat Pewaris Masih Hidup Telaah Pasal 187 Ayat (1) Kompilasi Hukum Islam (KHI).” Jurnal Ilmiah Al-Syir’ah 15, no. 1 (2018): 40–55. https://doi.org/10.30984/as.v15i1.473.
RI, Perpustakaan Nasional. Himpunan Peraturan Perundang-Undangan Yang Berkaitan Dengan Kompilasi Hukum Islam Serta Pengertian Dalam Pembahasannya, Mahkamah Agung RI § (2011).
Saebani, Beni Ahmad. Fiqh Mawaris. Bandung: Pustaka Setia, 2019.
Shiddiqi, Nourouzzaman. “Sunni Dalam Perspektif Sejarah.” Al-Jami’ah: Journal of Islamic Studies 32, no. 57 (1994): 1–12. https://doi.org/10.14421/ajis.1994.3257.1-12.
Yassir, Muhammad. “Hak Waris ‘Ashabah Ma’a Al Ghair (Studi Komparasi Antara Ayat Al Quran Tentang Warisan Dengan Hadis Ibnu Mas’ud) Menjelaskan Hukumnya Dan Hikmah Di Dalamnya.” Masters Thesis, Universitas Islam Negeri Kiai Haji Achmad Siddiq Jember, 2018. http://digilib.uinkhas.ac.id/28910/.
Zahari, Ahmad. “Telaah Terhadap Pembatasan Lingkup Ahli Waris Pengganti Pasal 185 Khi Oleh Rakernas Mahkamah Agung Ri Di Balikpapan Oktober 2010.” Jurnal Dinamika Hukum 14, no. 2 (2014): 324–39. https://doi.org/10.20884/1.jdh.2014.14.2.300.
