Muhammadiyah Community and Pluralism of Legal Inheritance: The Harmonization on Wealth Distribution of Javanese People
Abstract
This study is expected to provide new contributions to the study of inheritance law, especially by highlighting how Muhammadiyah members respond to legal pluralism in Indonesia. This study can help explain how this modernist Islamic organization negotiates the inheritance law amidst the diversity of legal systems in force in Indonesia. This research used the non-doctrinal research method. The harmonization of inheritance wealth division in the Javanese society, especially in Jatinom, which is mostly affiliated with the Muhammadiyah organization, reflects an integration between local wisdom and religious teachings based on the maslahah principle. The wealth division before or after the decedent’s death aims to maintain family welfare, prevent conflicts, as well as guarantee the fulfilment of heirs’ rights. This practice is not only valid according to the Sharia but is also just and flexible, as it is adapted to the actual needs of the family. This is to create a harmony that pays attention to the family’s worldly and spiritual needs.
Downloads
References
Abd. Wahab, Norazlina, Selamah Maamor, Zairy Zainol, Suraiya Hashim, and Kamarul Azman Mustapha Kamal. “Developing Best Practices of Islamic Estate Planning: A Construction Based on the Perspectives of Individuals and Estate Planning Providers.” ISRA International Journal of Islamic Finance 13, no. 2 (2021): 211–28. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJIF-03-2020-0052.
Abdullah, Irwan. The Muslim Businessmen of Jatinom: Religious Reform and Economic Modernization in a Central Javanese Town. Universitiest Van Amsterdam, 1994.
Abdurrahman. Kompilasi Hukum Islam Di Indonesia. Akademika Presindo, 2004.
Anwar, Syamsul. “Fatwā, Purification and Dynamization: A Study of Tarjīh in Muhammadiyah.” Islamic Law and Society 12, no. 1 (2005): 27–44. https://doi.org/10.1163/1568519053123894.
Arief Budiman, Muhammad Saifullah, and Bahrul Ulum. “Wājibah Will for Non-Muslim Heirs in Indonesia: A Legal Political Perspective Based on Justice and Welfare.” Ijtihad : Jurnal Wacana Hukum Islam Dan Kemanusiaan 24, no. 2 (2024): 223–50. https://doi.org/10.18326/ijtihad.v24i2.223-250.
Azmi, Amylia Fuziana, Nor Laila Ahmad, Mohamad Zaharuddin Zakaria, Nik Salida Suhaila Nik Saleh, and Mushaddad Hasbullah. “UNVEILING THE SIGNIFICANCE OF PROPOSING HIBAH AS AN ALTERNATIVE TO NAFKAH SECURITY FOR WIDOWS.” Malaysian Journal of Syariah and Law 12, no. 2 (2024): 529–34. https://doi.org/10.33102/mjsl.vol12no2.947.
Azmi, Amylia Fuziana, Nik Salida Suhaila Nik Saleh, and Mohamad Zaharuddin Zakaria. “Hibah as an Alternative Method of Distribution in Malaysia: The Importance of Using Social Media as a Medium in Raising Muslims’ Awareness About Hibah Products.” Jurnal Islam Dan Masyarakat Kontemporari 22, no. 1 (2021): 198–204. https://doi.org/10.37231/jimk.2021.22.1.527.
Badawi, Ahmad. Warisan Menurut Hukum Islam Dan Adat Jawa: Studi Kasus Di Kecamatan Medan Sunggal. Deepublish, 2019.
Barlinti, Yeni Salma. “INHERITANCE LEGAL SYSTEM IN INDONESIA: A LEGAL JUSTICE FOR PEOPLE.” Indonesia Law Review 3, no. 1 (2013). https://doi.org/10.15742/ilrev.v3n1.28.
Basir, Faziatul, Wan Ahmad, and Mahfuzur Rahman. “Estate Planning Behaviour: A Systematic Literature Review.” Journal of Risk and Financial Management 16, no. 2 (2023): 84. https://doi.org/10.3390/jrfm16020084.
Dimyati, Khudzaifah, and Kelik Wardiono. “Metode Penelitian Hukum.” Surakarta: Fakultas Hukum Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta, 2004.
Djawas, Mursyid, Khairuddin Hasballah, Soraya Devi, Muntasir A Kadir, and Yusfriadi Abda. “The Construction of Islamic Inheritance Law: A Comparative Study of the Islamic Jurisprudence and the Compilation of Islamic Law.” Jurnal Ilmiah Syariah 21, no. 2 (2022): 207–19. https://doi.org/10.31958/juris.v21i2.7495.
Effendi, Satria, and Mahmid Arifi. “ISLAMIC STUDY: CULTURAL ASPECTS (HISTORIC MOSQUES).” Profetika: Jurnal Studi Islam 24, no. 01 (2023): 131–36. https://doi.org/10.23917/profetika.v24i01.1688.
Fatayat, Mohammad Iqbal, and Mutimatun Ni’ami. Implementasi Hukum Waris Islam Dalam Praktik Pembagian Warisan Di Kalangan Masyarakat Desa Sribit Kecamatan Delangggu Kabupaten Klaten (Implementation of the Islamic Inheritance Law among People of Sribit Village, Delanggu District, Klaten Regency). Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta, 2020.
Hendry, Gillian, Virginia Braun, and Victoria Clarke. “Thematic Analysis: A Practical Guide.” Psychology Teaching Review 28, no. 1 (2022): 64–65. https://doi.org/10.53841/bpsptr.2022.28.1.64.
Hidayat, Muhamad Ichsan, Nurrun Jamaludin, Khasan Alimuddin, and Qotrunnada Sofy Maulidya. “THE DIVISION OF PARENTAL INHERITANCE BEFORE DEATH FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF NIKLAS LUHMANN’S SOCIAL SYSTEM THEORY.” Hukum Islam 25, no. 1 (2025): 91–102. https://doi.org/10.24014/hi.v25i1.34613.
Hisyam. “Wawancara Pribadi.” Preprint, Jatinom, 2023.
Husni, Muhammad. “Mencegah Potensi Konflik Dalam Pelaksanaan Wasiat Pembagian Harta, Mungkinkah?” De Jure: Jurnal Hukum Dan Syar’iah 11, no. 2 (2019): 90–99. https://doi.org/10.18860/j-fsh.v11i2.6728.
Ibrahim, Norhazlina. “A Systematic Literature Review of Islamic Inheritance in Malaysia.” Islamiyyat 46, no. 1 (2024): 113–31. https://doi.org/10.17576/islamiyyat-2024-4601-09.
Idris, H. “Wawancara Pribadi.” Preprint, Jatinom, 2022.
Irianto, Sulistyowati. “Inheritance Legal Pluralism and Gender Justice: A Court Room Study in Indonesia.” Legal Pluralism and Critical Social Analysis 56, no. 3 (2024): 459–78. https://doi.org/10.1080/27706869.2024.2379738.
Jamil, Rosidi. “HUKUM WARIS DAN WASIAT (Sebuah Perbandingan Antara Pemikiran Hazairin Dan Munawwir Sjadzali).” Al-Ahwal: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga Islam 10, no. 1 (2017): 99–114. https://doi.org/10.14421/ahwal.2017.10108.
Jarwanto, Jarwanto. Wawancara Pribadi. (Jatinom), 2022.
Jarwanto, Jarwanto. “Wawancara Pribadi.” Preprint, Jatinom, 2022.
Kamtono. “Wawancara Pribadi.” Preprint, Jatinom, 2023.
Kementrian Agama Republik Indonesia. “Al-Qur’an.” Accessed March 15, 2023. https://quran.kemenag.go.id/.
Khalidah, Muhammad Nasir. “Penyelesaian Pembagian Warisan Di Kecamatan Simpang Ulim Dalam Perspektif Hukum Islam Dan Hukum Adat.” Al-Qadha : Jurnal Hukum Islam Dan Perundang-Undangan 8, no. 1 (2021): 33–49. https://doi.org/10.32505/qadha.v8i1.2997.
Khoerunnisa, Rita, Aceng Akbarul Muslim, and Eki Sirojul Baehaqi. “Tinjauan Hukum Islam Terhadap Hukum Kewarisan Masyarakat Adat Kampung Naga, Kabupaten Tasikmalaya.” Petanda: Jurnal Ilmu Komunikasi Dan Humaniora 5 (2023). https://doi.org/10.32509/petanda.v5i2.3379.
Kholis, Nur. “Wawancara Pribadi.” Preprint, Jatinom, 2022.
Maimun, Maimun, Harisah Harisah, Imam Hanafi, and Zubaidi Sulaiman. “Analyzing the Maduranese’s Traditional Inheritance from al-Tūfi’s Maslahah Theory.” AL-’ADALAH 18, no. 1 (2021): 35–54. https://doi.org/10.24042/adalah.v18i1.8649.
Martinelli, Imelda, Eriyan Rahmadani Dianova, and Karen Eklesia Gabriella Kaendo. “The Principle Of Inheritance Distribution In Javanese Civil And Customary Law.” Asian Journal of Social and Humanities 2, no. 2 (2023): 1645–53. https://doi.org/10.59888/ajosh.v2i2.174.
Munandar, Arif. “Wawancara Pribadi.” Preprint, Jatinom, 2022.
Mutakabbir, Abdul, Hastuti Hastuti, and Mikdar Rusdi. “The System of Inheritance Distribution in South Sulawesi.” Ijtihad : Jurnal Wacana Hukum Islam Dan Kemanusiaan 23, no. 1 (2023): 57–76. https://doi.org/10.18326/ijtihad.v23i1.57-76.
Muzainah, Gusti, and Firqah Annajiyah Mansyuroh. “Integration of Islamic Law and Banjarese Customary Law of Inheritance System Tionghoa Muslim Community in Banjarmasin, South Kalimantan.” Samarah: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga Dan Hukum Islam 6, no. 2 (2022): 678. https://doi.org/10.22373/sjhk.v6i2.12386.
Nashir, Haedar. Muhammadiyah a Reform Movement. Muhammadiyah University Press, 2015.
Nashir, Haedar. Understanding the Ideology of Muhammadiyah. Muhammadiyah University Press, 2015.
Nasution, Adelina. “PLURALISME HUKUM WARIS DI INDONESIA.” Al-Qadha 5, no. 1 (2018): 20–30. https://doi.org/10.32505/qadha.v5i1.957.
Opwis, Felicitas. “Maṣlaḥa in Contemporary Islamic Legal Theory.” Islamic Law and Society 12, no. 2 (2005): 182–223.
Pongoliu, Hamid. “Pembagian Harta Waris Dalam Tradisi Masyarakat Muslim Di Gorontalo.” Al-Manahij: Jurnal Kajian Hukum Islam 13, no. 2 (2019): 187–202. https://doi.org/10.24090/mnh.v13i2.3166.
Prastyo, Andika Catur. “The Application of Maslahah Mursalah in A Mediation Process Between Disputant Parties.” Journal of Islamic Economic Laws 3, no. 1 (2020): 1–14. https://doi.org/10.23917/jisel.v3i1.9756.
Priyadi, Aris. “Tinjauan Hukum Tentang Hibah Dan Batasan Pemberian Hibah.” Wijayakusuma Law Review 5, no. 1 (2023). https://doi.org/10.51921/wlr.v5i1.232.
Putra, Nanda Trisna. “Wawancara Pribadi.” Preprint, 2024.
Rachman, Haidir. “Harmonisasi Hukum Adat Dan Hukum Islam Dalam Sistem Pewarisan Di Semende Provinsi Sumatera Selatan Berasaskan Keseimbangan Sebagai Kontribusi Pembentukan Hukum Kewarisan Nasional.” Himmah: Jurnal Kajian Islam Kontemporer 3, no. 1 (2021). https://doi.org/10.47313/jkik.v3i1.1091.
Rahman, Habibur, Abu Talib Mohammad Monawer, and Noor Mohammad Osmani. “WASIYYAH WAJIBAH IN ISLAMIC ESTATE PLANNING: AN ANALYSIS.” Jurnal Islam Dan Masyarakat Kontemporari 21, no. 3 (2020): 72–86. https://doi.org/10.37231/jimk.2020.21.3.448.
Rasyid, Muh. Haras. “Dinamika Hukum Islam Dan Aktualisasi Teori-Teori Berlakunya Hukum Islam Di Indonesia.” Diktum: Jurnal Syariah Dan Hukum 11, no. 1 (2013): 15–23. https://doi.org/10.28988/diktum.v11i1.65.
Rizani, Akhmad Kamil. “Musyawarah Sebagai Alternatif Penyelesaian Sengketa Waris Beda Agama: Avidence Based Solution From Indonesia.” El-Mashlahah 10, no. 2 (2020): 52–64. https://doi.org/10.23971/maslahah.v10i2.2063.
Sakirman, Sakirman. “Konvergensi Pembagian Harta Waris Dalam Hukum Islam.” Al-´Adalah 13, no. 2 (2016): 155–64. https://doi.org/10.24042/adalah.v13i2.1853.
Salim, Arskal. “Contemporary Islamic Law in Indonesia: Sharia and Legal Pluralism.” Contemporary Islamic Law in Indonesia: Sharia and Legal Pluralism 6 (2015): 1–214. https://doi.org/10.1080/14442213.2015.1125772.
Salman, Otje. Kesadaran Hukum Masyarakat Terhadap Hukum Waris. PT. Alumni, 2007.
Sedayu, Rahmat Agung. “Muhammad Syahrur’s Thoughts on Inheritance from the Maqasid Al-Shari’ah Perspective and Hermeneutics.” Jurnal Mahkamah : Kajian Ilmu Hukum Dan Hukum Islam 7, no. 1 (2022): 1–14. https://doi.org/10.25217/jm.v7i1.2330.
Setyawan, Rahmad, and Muhaman Taufik Kustiawan. “Najmuddīn Al-Tūfī’s Thoughts on The Dynamics of Inheritance Law 2:1 Perspective of Maṣlaḥah.” AL-HUKAMA’ 11, no. 2 (2021): 85–114. https://doi.org/10.15642/alhukama.2021.11.2.85-114.
Shesa, Laras. “Keterjaminan Kedudukan Dzaul Arham Dalam Kewarisan Islam Melalui Wasiat Wajibah.” Al-Istinbath : Jurnal Hukum Islam 3, no. 2 (2018): 145. https://doi.org/10.29240/jhi.v3i2.615.
Sudarto. Wawancara Pribadi. (Jatinom), 2023.
Sudarto. “Wawancara Pribadi.” Preprint, Jatinom, 2023.
Sudaryanto, Agus. “Aspek Ontologi Pembagian Waris Dalam Hukum Islam Dan Hukum Adat Jawa.” Mimbar Hukum - Fakultas Hukum Universitas Gadjah Mada 22, no. 3 (2012): 534. https://doi.org/10.22146/jmh.16238.
Sudaryanto, Agus. “Aspek Ontologi Pembagian Waris Dalam Hukum Islam Dan Hukum Adat Jawa.” Mimbar Hukum - Fakultas Hukum Universitas Gadjah Mada 22, no. 3 (2012): 534–534. https://doi.org/10.22146/jmh.16238.
Sudaryanto, Agus. “Sepikul Segendong: Harmonisasi Hukum Adat Dan Islam Dalam Pewarisan Terhadap Anak (Sepikul Segendong: Harmonization of the Islamic and Customary Laws on Inheritance for Children).” In Ekpresi Islam Dalam Simbol-Simbol Budaya Di Indonesia (Islamic Expression and Cultural Symbols in Indonesia). Lembaga Kebudayaan, Pimpinan Pusat ’Aisyiyah, 2005.
Sulastri. Wawancara Pribadi. (Jatinom), 2022.
Sulastri. “Wawancara Pribadi.” Preprint, Jatinom, 2022.
Suparmin. Wawancara Pribadi. (Jatinom), 2022.
Suparmin. “Wawancara Pribadi.” Preprint, Jatinom, 2022.
Surono. “Wawancara Pribadi.” Preprint, Jatinom, 2022.
Suwarti, Suwarti, Decha Khunmay, and Stepan Abannokovya. “Conflicts Occurring Due to the Application of Different Legal Inheritance Systems in Indonesia.” Legality : Jurnal Ilmiah Hukum 30, no. 2 (2022): 214–27. https://doi.org/10.22219/ljih.v30i2.21020.
Syaikhu, Syaikhu, M. Fahmi Al Amruzi, Mujiburahman Mujiburahman, and Norwili Norwili. “Legal Harmonization in the Distribution of Inheritance in the Dayak Ngaju Community in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia.” Samarah: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga Dan Hukum Islam 7, no. 1 (2023): 195. https://doi.org/10.22373/sjhk.v7i1.12410.
Takdir, Mohammad, Fajrul Munir, Ali Ludhfi, Muliyanzah Muliyanzah, and Zainol Muttaqin. “The Takharrūj Method as an Islamic Legal Solution for Customary Inheritance Practices among Muslim Communities in Pakamban Laok, Sumenep, Indonesia.” JIL: Journal of Islamic Law 4, no. 1 (2023): 104–22. https://doi.org/10.24260/jil.v4i1.1044.
Thompson, Brooke. “Family Provision and Islamic Wills: Preserving the Testator’s Wishes through Testamentary Arbitration?” UNIVERSITY OF NEW SOUTH WALES LAW JOURNAL (Sydney, N.S.W.) 46, no. 1 (2023): 205–34.
Tono, Sidik, and M. Roem Syibly. “Prinsip Keadilan Dalam Pembagian Waris Dan Wasiat Pada Masyarakat Muslim Yogyakarta.” Istinbath 16, no. 2 (2017): 419–41. https://doi.org/10.20414/ijhi.v16i2.12.
Tono, Sidik, M. Roem Syibly, Amir Mu’allim, Ahmad Nurozi, and Muhammad Roy Purwanto. “The Harmonious Relationship between Minangkabau Custom and Islam in the Distribution of Inheritance.” Al-Shajarah 2019, no. Special Issue Sharia hand Law (2019): 39–55. https://doi.org/10.31436/shajarah.v0i0.931.
Tulabi, Zamruddin. “Wawancara Pribadi.” Preprint, Jatinom, 2022.
Wahono. “Wawancara Pribadi.” Preprint, Jatinom, 2022.
Wahyuni, Afidah, and Harisah Harisah. “Humanism in Inheritance Distribution in Sampang Madurese Culture.” AHKAM : Jurnal Ilmu Syariah 19, no. 2 (2019). https://doi.org/10.15408/ajis.v19i2.13899.
Wardiono, Kelik. “Prophetic : An Epistemological Offer for Legal Studies.” Journal of Transcendental Law 1, no. 1 (2019): 17–41. https://doi.org/10.23917/jtl.v1i1.8797.
Wiyoto. “Wawancara Pribadi.” Preprint, Jatinom, 2022.
Yuliatin, Yuliatin. “HUKUM ISLAM DAN HUKUM ADAT (STUDI PEMBAGIAN HARTAWARIS MASYARAKAT SEBERANG KOTA JAMBI).” UIN SUNAN KALIJAGA YOGYAKARTA, 2015. https://digilib.uin-suka.ac.id/id/eprint/16148/.
Yusron, Muhammad. “Penalaran Rasional Dan Maslahah: Ijtihad Umar Ibn al-Khattab Pada Kasus-Kasus Kewarisan Islam.” JIL: Journal of Islamic Law 2, no. 2 (2021): 197–223. https://doi.org/10.24260/jil.v2i2.327.
Zhuo, Mariana, and Benny Djaja. “Judges’ Consideration On Decision Number 582/PDT.G/2019/PN.JKT.TIM Related Legitieme Portie From The Perspective Of The Civil Law Regarding The Division Of Inheritance.” Jurnal Jurisprudence 13, no. 1 (2023): 79–93. https://doi.org/10.23917/jurisprudence.v13i1.1779.
Zuhdi, Syaifuddin. “TRIKOTOMI PEMBAGIAN HARTA MASYARAKAT JAWA: Studi Pembagian Harta Waris Pada Masyarakat Jatinom.” Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta, 2024.
Zuhdi, Syaifuddin, Khudzaifah Dimyati, Absori Absori, Kelik Wardiono, and Vira Ervita Apreliyanti. “Between Customary and Islamic Law: Financial Inheritance Practices in the Surakarta Sunanate Royal Family.” Al-Ahwal: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga Islam 18, no. 1 (2025): 65–84. https://doi.org/10.14421/ahwal.2025.18204.
