Sejarah keragaman tradisi keagamaan dan budaya Islam di Indonesia

Abstract

The diversity of Islamic religious traditions and culture in Indonesia is a phenomenon born out of the acculturation between Islamic teachings and local culture. However, this diversity also faces challenges from modernization and globalization, which affect the sustainability of these traditions. This study aims to examine the history, dissemination, and diversity of Islamic religious traditions and culture in Indonesia, shaped through a long process of acculturation between Islamic teachings and local customs. The research employs a qualitative descriptive approach through literature study. The findings reveal that Islam first entered Indonesia between the 7th and 8th centuries through trade routes and later experienced rapid growth from the 12th to the 16th centuries due to the roles of traders, Islamic scholars, and Islamic kingdoms. The peaceful and tolerant approach to proselytization, exemplified by the Wali Songo (Nine Saints), allowed Islam to be widely accepted by local communities without erasing existing traditions. The spread of Islam influenced religious aspects while also shaping Indonesia’s unique cultural identity. Traditions such as slametan, sekaten, and halal bi halal reflect the integration of Islamic values with local culture. Futhermore, art forms such as architecture, music, and literature were enriched by Islamic influences, resulting in distinctive creations like traditional mosques and calligraphic wood carvings.