Problematika hukum dalam implementasi kebijakan subsidi pangan terhadap kesejahteraan ekonomi masyarakat
Tinjauan atas program sembako berdasarkan undang-undang nomor 18 tahun 2012 tentang pangan
Abstract
This study examines the legal challenges in the implementation of food subsidy policies through the Sembako Program, which is designed to fulfill the right to food for the poor as mandated by Law Number 18 of 2012 concerning Food. In practice, the program encounters several critical issues such as mistargeted beneficiaries, inaccurate data, weak oversight, and the absence of strict legal sanctions for violations. Employing a qualitative approach, the study applies normative juridical methods to analyze the regulatory framework, and sociological methods to assess the program's impact on community welfare. The findings reveal that the effectiveness of the Sembako Program remains suboptimal due to poor governance, regional disparities in distribution, and the rise of social dependency among beneficiaries. Therefore, policy reform is urgently needed, particularly in strengthening data systems, enhancing community empowerment, and improving transparency and accountability in public fund management. This research aims to contribute academically to the formulation of a more equitable, targeted, and law-based food subsidy policy aligned with the principles of good governance.
Downloads
References
Arapah, N. (2020). Analisis pengaruh bantuan sosial PKH dan sembako terhadap tingkat kesejahteraan masyarakat di masa pandemi. Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi dan Manajemen Perusahaan, 2, 120–125. Https://www.academia.edu/download/116277290/42.pdf. (n.d.).
Hastuti, R., & Widyaningsih, D. (2020). Pelaksanaan PKH dan Program Sembako dalam rangka mitigasi dampak COVID-19. SMERU Research Note, 1–6. http://ns2.smeru.or.id/sites/default/files/publication/cp02_covidpkh_in.pdf
Hendriyanto, K. (2020). Liberalisasi importasi produk pertanian dalam UU Cipta Kerja dari pemikiran hukum progresif. PROGRESIF: Jurnal Hukum, 2, 155–170. https://journal.ubb.ac.id/index.php/progresif/article/view/1779
Juliani, H. (2020). Kebijakan fiskal: Anggaran belanja negara untuk perlindungan sosial dalam penanganan pandemi Covid-19. Administrative Law and Governance Journal, 2, 123–130. https://ejournal2.undip.ac.id/index.php/alj/article/view/9539
Juwenie, J., & Sumanto, R. R. E. W. A. (2024). Analisis hukum kebijakan pemerintah dalam memajukan kemandirian lokal: Perspektif ketahanan pangan. Aspirasi: Jurnal Hukum dan Sosial, 2, 133–145. https://journal.aspirasi.or.id/index.php/ASPIRASI/article/view/971
Laurentcia, S., & Yusran, R. (2021). Evaluasi program bantuan pangan non tunai dalam penanggulangan kemiskinan di Kecamatan Nanggalo Kota Padang. Journal of Civic Education, 2, 120–130. https://jce.ppj.unp.ac.id/index.php/jce/article/view/433
Novanda, Y. (2023). Pengaruh program BPNT terhadap kesejahteraan masyarakat Desa Sukanegara. HUKAMA: Jurnal Hukum Islam, 1, 78–81. https://hukama.jurnalstissubulussalam.com/index.php/hukama/article/view/13
Purbaningrum, D. (2024). Transformasi kebijakan publik menyiasati ketidaktepatan sasaran bantuan sosial di Desa Pringsurat untuk kesejahteraan masyarakat yang lebih baik. Jurnal Pemerintahan dan Kebijakan Publik, 1, 22–30. https://jurnal.fisipuniga.ac.id/index.php/jpkp/article/view/116
Riofita, H., & Putri, R. (2025). Evaluasi efektivitas program bantuan sosial dalam mengurangi kemiskinan di Indonesia. Ekonodinamika: Jurnal Ekonomi Dinamis, 1, 48–56. https://journalpedia.com/1/index.php/jed/article/view/5269
Rizal, D. A., & Purnairawan, R. E. (2024). Analisis kebijakan pengentasan kemiskinan di era pemerintahan Joko Widodo. Journal of Social Movements, 2, 34–36. https://journals.akademia.or.id/index.php/jsm/article/view/2
Sahrain, B., Sanggara, A., & Saputra, Y. (2023). The impact of the Family Hope Program in poverty alleviation in Bangga Village. ResearchGate, 112–117. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/366974425
Subekti, T. (2023). Analisis hukum peranan pemerintah desa dalam penyaluran bantuan sosial masyarakat di era pandemi Covid-19 [Skripsi, Universitas Islam Sultan Agung]. http://repository.unissula.ac.id/28815
Suryani, D. (2024). Analisis hukum penyelenggaraan bantuan sembako bagi korban bencana alam di wilayah Kabupaten Bogor. Karimah Tauhid, 1, 56–59. https://ojs.unida.ac.id/karimahtauhid/article/view/12270
Takalentangen, A., & Dilapanga, A. R. (2021). Implementasi kebijakan penyaluran beras sejahtera di Kelurahan Singkil Dua Kota Manado. Jambura Journal of Administration and Political Studies, 1, 88–95. https://ejurnal.ung.ac.id/index.php/jjaps/article/view/11278
Undang-Undang Nomor 17 Tahun 2003 tentang Keuangan Negara.
Undang-Undang Nomor 18 Tahun 2012 tentang Pangan.
Undang-Undang Nomor 30 Tahun 2014 tentang Administrasi Pemerintahan.
Winda, S., et al. (2021). Kajian tata kelola bantuan sosial reguler: PKH dan BPNT. Komisi Pemberantasan Korupsi. https://cms.kpk.go.id/storage/4117/Tata_Kelola_Bantuan_Sosial_Reguler_-_Program_Keluarga_Harapan_dan_Bantuan_Pangan_Non_Tunai_2021.pdf
Copyright (c) 2025 anis nur laili
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work’s authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal’s published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
