The Senjata otonom berbasis AI: Analisis literatur tentang etika, regulasi, dan ancaman keamanan
Literature Analysis on Ethics, Regulation, and Security Threats
Abstract
The development of artificial intelligence (AI) has driven significant transformations in the military, one of which is the emergence of AI-based autonomous weapons, or lethal autonomous weapon systems (LAWS). This article presents a literature review on three key dimensions of autonomous weapons: ethics, regulation, and security threats. From an ethical perspective, the existence of LAWS creates a moral dilemma because life-and-death decisions are transferred to algorithms that lack moral capacity. From a regulatory perspective, international humanitarian law does not explicitly regulate autonomous weapons, creating a normative vacuum. From a security perspective, autonomous weapons have the potential to trigger a global arms race and increase the risk of conflict escalation. This study emphasizes the urgency of developing a comprehensive international regulatory framework based on the principle of meaningful human control. This research is expected to enrich academic discourse on AI-based military technology and encourage a more balanced global policy discourse between technological innovation and humanitarian values.
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