Tipologi asbabun nuzul dalam kajian Tafsir Al-Qur’an

Analisis mikro dan makro untuk pemahaman kontekstual

Abstract

This study aims to examine the concept of asbābun nuzūl as an essential approach in understanding the Qur'an contextually. Asbābun nuzūl not only explains the background of the revelation of verses but also serves as a methodological tool for interpreting the meaning of the text more accurately and deeply. This research employs a descriptive qualitative approach through a literature review focusing on the concept, typology, and significance of asbābun nuzūl in Qur’anic exegesis. The findings indicate that asbābun nuzūl can be classified into two main typologies: micro and macro. The micro typology relates to personal events or individual cases that trigger the revelation of specific verses, while the macro typology refers to broader socio-political, cultural, and religious conditions affecting society at large. These two typologies complement each other in providing a comprehensive understanding of the revelation. Furthermore, understanding asbābun nuzūl helps prevent misinterpretation, reveals the wisdom behind Islamic legal rulings, and enhances the relevance of Qur’anic teachings in contemporary life. Therefore, this study emphasizes the importance of integrating historical and contextual approaches in Qur’anic interpretation.