Akulturasi islam dan budaya lokal pada arsitektur Masjid Menara Kudus

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the forms of acculturation between Islam and local Hindu-Javanese culture as reflected in the architecture of the Menara Kudus Mosque, as well as to understand its symbolic meaning and social function in community life. This study uses a qualitative approach with a literature review method, through the examination of scientific journals and relevant literature on mosque architecture, iconography, and Islamic-Javanese culture. The results show that the Menara Kudus Mosque is a tangible representation of the success of Islamic preaching through a cultural approach, as seen in the temple-style tower structure, the use of red bricks, twin gate ornaments, and a triple roof. These elements contain symbolic values that reflect the harmony between local aesthetics and Islamic spirituality. In addition to being a place of worship, this mosque serves as a center for socio-religious activities and the preservation of local traditions, thereby strengthening a moderate and inclusive Javanese Islamic identity. Thus, the Menara Kudus Mosque is important evidence of how cultural acculturation plays a role in shaping the character of Islamic civilization in the archipelago.