Rukhshah sebagai wujud Taisir
Relevansi kaidah Al-masyaqqah tajlibut taisir dengan keringanan hukum
Keywords:
Rukhshah, facilitation (Taysīr), al-masyaqqah tajlib al-taysīr, islamic law, maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah, contemporary ijtihād, legal concessions, fatwaAbstract
Rukhshah (religious dispensation) is an essential mechanism in Islamic law to alleviate the burden on mukallaf when facing masyaqqah (hardship). However, its application must not be arbitrary; it must meet foundational usuliyyah conditions and be confined by limits that safeguard the objectives of the Shari‘ah (maqāṣid). This paper examines the main conditions of rukhshah — including: the presence of a legitimate masyaqqah according to the Shari‘ah, evidence from authoritative sources, the actual existence of the cause for dispensation, and prohibitions against rukhshah conflicting with conclusive texts (nash qath‘i). It also discusses practical constraints to prevent misuse and how the principle al-masyaqqah tajlibu al-taysīr is applied in modern contexts (e.g., pandemics, health, travel). Based on textual analysis and literature review of classical and contemporary sources, the paper argues that rukhshah serves as an instrument to balance ease and firmness in law, but requires rigorous ijtihād methodology to prevent undermining maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah.
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