Hubungan antara keanekaragaman hayati sebagai indikator kualitas air sungai
Abstract
Biodiversity and river water quality have a reciprocal relationship that determines the health of aquatic ecosystems. This article aims to examine the conceptual link between the diversity of aquatic organisms—such as microorganisms, macrozoobenthos, plankton, fish, and riparian vegetation—and river water quality. The discussion is conducted through a theoretical approach by examining the role of biota as bioindicators and supports the ecological function of waters. The results of the study indicate that the decline in water quality due to domestic, industrial, and agricultural waste has a direct impact on habitat degradation, the reduction of sensitive species, and changes in the structure of biota communities. Conversely, high biodiversity contributes to natural purification processes, nutrient cycling, sediment stabilization, and increased resilience of river ecosystems. This article emphasizes that water quality assessment cannot rely solely on physical-chemical parameters, but needs to integrate biological indicators to obtain a more accurate ecological picture. This integrative approach is important as a basis for sustainable river management based on biodiversity conservation.
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