Epistimologi sebagai Landasan Validitas Pengetahuan
Abstract
Epistemology is one of the main branches of philosophy that discusses the nature of knowledge, its sources, and the criteria of truth used to assess the validity of knowledge. In the development of modern science and the information era which is characterized by the rapid flow of data and truth claims, epistemology has an important role as a methodological and normative foundation for the scientific process. This paper aims to examine the concept of epistemology, explain the main sources of knowledge such as rationalism, empiricism, and pragmatism, and analyze theories of truth which include correspondence, coherence, pragmatism, and scientific consensus. Apart from that, the discussion also highlights the role of epistemology in shaping modern scientific methods, including the influence of positivism, Karl Popper's falsificationism, and the scientific paradigm according to Thomas Kuhn. The results of the study show that epistemology not only functions as a theoretical framework in understanding knowledge, but also as a critical guide in assessing scientific truth, validity and responsibility. Thus, epistemology becomes an important foundation for the development of science that is rational, objective and relevant to social dynamics and the challenges of the times.
Downloads
References
Aulia, S. (2022). Teori Pengetahuan dan Kebenaran dalam Epistemologi. Jurnal Filsafat Indonesia, 5.
Fajariah, M., Suhartika, E., Irawan, I., & Malik, A. (2025). Teori Kebenaran Koherensi Korespondensi Dan Pragmatisme Dalam Ilmu Pengetahuan. PT. Star Digital Publishing, Yogyakarta-Indonesia.
Faradi, A. A. (2019). Teori-Teori Kebenaran Dalam Filsafat (Urgensi Dan Signifikasinya Dalam Upaya Pemberantasan Hoaxs). Kontemplasi: Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Ushuluddin, 7(1), 97–114.
Kuhn, D., Cheney, R., & Weinstock, M. (2000). The development of epistemological understanding. Cognitive Development, 15(3), 309–328.
Muzana, Z., Sulong, J. Bin, & Ismail, F. H. (2017). Customary Practices of Sharing Inheritance: An Analysis of Society Practices in Pidie Aceh Darussalam. Al-Ihkam: Jurnal Hukum & Pranata Sosial, 11(2), 275. https://doi.org/10.19105/al-ihkam.v11i2.1037
Pajriani, T. R., Nirwani, S., Rizki, M., Mulyani, N., Ariska, T. O., & Harahap, S. S. A. (2023). Epistemologi Filsafat. PRIMER : Jurnal Ilmiah Multidisiplin, 1(3), 282–289. https://doi.org/10.55681/primer.v1i3.144
Peirce1, C. S. (2025). Charles Sanders Peirce (1839-1914). American Ethics: An Introduction to Pragmatist Moral Philosophy, 18.
Puspitasari, R. (2016). Kontribusi empirisme terhadap pendidikan ilmu pengetahuan sosial. Edueksos: Jurnal Pendidikan Sosial & Ekonomi, 1(1), 21–49.
Rahardjo, M. (2006). Bahasa, Pemikiran dan Peradaban: Telaah Filsafat Pengetahuan dan Sosiolinguistik. http://repository.uin-malang.ac.id/276/
Rahman, Z. D., Sarmain, S., Al Faqih, S., Fauzizak, A., & Hidayat, W. (2024). Menggali arti, makna, dan hakikat filsafat ilmu: Relevansi epistemologi dalam dinamika pengetahuan modern. Jurnal Manajemen Pendidikan, 9(3), 477–486.
Roibin. (2021). Model Epistemologi Integrasi Antara Islam dan Kearifan Lokal (Potret Hukum Kepemimpinan Suami Istri dalam Islam di Tengah Masyarakat Multikultural). Orasi IlmiahPengukuhan Jabatan Guru Besar Dalam Bidang Ilmu Dirasah Islamiyah (Kajian Islam) Prodi Studi Hukum Keluarga Islam (HKI) UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang, 1–104. http://repository.uin-malang.ac.id/7875/
Roibin, R. (2024). Epistemologi integrasi Islam dan sains: Model integrasi dialektik-integralistik. UIN Maliki Press. http://repository.uin-malang.ac.id/20383/
Wahyuni, N. S., Komarudin, D., & Rifki, M. (2025). Pendekatan filsafat ilmu terhadap metode ilmiah (studi epistemologi, etika, dan inovasi). Jurnal Pendidikan Indonesia: Teori, Penelitian, Dan Inovasi, 5(2).
Copyright (c) 2026 Habibah Munawaroh Munawaroh
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work’s authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal’s published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
