Analisis tasybih pada ungkapan “unta masuk ke lubang jarum”dalam q.s. Al-a’raf ayat 40: kajian ilmu bayan

Abstract

This study analyzes the tashbih in the phrase حَتّىٰ يَلِجَ الْجَمَلُ فِي سَمِّ الْخِيَاطِ (“until a camel passes through the eye of a needle”) found in Q.S. Al-A‘raf verse 40 using the perspective of علم البيان (Ilm al-Bayan). This research is motivated by the need to understand the beauty of the Qur’anic language through the study of balaghah, particularly tashbih, which functions to clarify, strengthen, and emphasize meaning so that it becomes easier for readers to comprehend. The purpose of this study is to identify the type of tashbih, explain its elements, and reveal the rhetorical meaning contained in the verse. The method used is qualitative research with a descriptive-analytical approach through library research on tafsir books, balaghah literature, and various sources related to Ilm al-Bayan. The results of the study show that the expression possesses a high rhetorical value in illustrating the impossibility for those who reject the verses of Allah and act arrogantly to enter Paradise. In Ilm al-Bayan, this expression is classified as tashbih tamthil because its wajh al-shabah describes something impossible, namely a large camel entering the tiny eye of a needle. In addition, the verse can also be considered a tashbih dhimni because the comparative meaning is understood through the context of the verse. The expression also contains an element of mubalaghah (hyperbole), which emphasizes the warning conveyed in the verse and creates a profound impression on readers, thereby making the message of the verse stronger and more impactful.