Indonesia’s Geostrategy in the Papua Region

The Potential of East Pacific Routes and Trade

Abstract

Papua has a strategic geographical position as an international trade route for Indonesia in the Pacific region; however, its utilization remains limited due to various geographical barriers. This paper identifies several issues, including the low optimization of eastern trade routes, prolonged social conflict, illegal fishing practices that damage marine ecosystems, and development inequality in infrastructure between western and eastern Indonesia. This study uses a geostrategic and geopolitical review combined with an analysis of marine resources, agriculture, livestock, and mining to formulate policy recommendations. The findings show that Papua is rich in coral reefs, marine biodiversity, fertile agricultural and livestock potential, and significant oil and copper resources. Its waters provide access to trade routes leading to the South China Sea, Africa, and the Indian Ocean. To realize this potential, equitable development of road and port infrastructure, stronger logistical connectivity, conflict resolution through customary dialogue and inclusive programs, and enhanced maritime patrols and monitoring technology are needed to address illegal fishing. The implementation of these strategies is expected to reduce logistics costs, improve local welfare, and strengthen Indonesia’s geopolitical position in the Pacific region.