Analisis hukum arus Kirchhoff pada rangkaian paralel
Menguji konservasi muatan dalam praktikum fisika dasar
Keywords:
Kirchhoff's laws, parallel circuit, conservation of charge, multimeter, loading effectAbstract
Kirchhoff's Laws represent one of the fundamental pillars in understanding current and voltage distribution within branched electrical networks. This study aims to empirically validate Kirchhoff's Current Law (KCL/Kirchhoff's First Law), specifically in a parallel circuit configuration with input voltage variations ranging from 2V to 12V. The experimental method employed is based on direct measurement using a digital multimeter to measure the input current (Iin) at the main node, as well as the branch currents (IR1, IR2, IR3) across three resistors. Empirical data reveals that the sum of the currents flowing out of the parallel branches (Itotal) is consistently much larger than the input current (Iin) displayed on the main laboratory measuring instrument, with a highly significant average discrepancy at each voltage level. This data deviation phenomenon is analyzed as a direct consequence of the internal resistance of the measuring instrument (loading effect) and the technical limitations of the multimeters used. The implications of this article emphasize the importance of considering the internal resistance specifications of ammeters and voltmeters when designing or analyzing real electrical systems to maintain power transmission accuracy.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Ahmad Latiful Azka
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