Perlindungan penegakan dan problematika hak asasi manusia di Indonesia

Abstract

The issue of human rights violations in Indonesia remains a relevant and significant problem. These violations occur when the basic rights of individuals are ignored, not protected, or not enforced by the state or other institutions. In Indonesia, there are many cases of human rights violations that have not been adequately addressed or resolved. Amnesty International Indonesia reports that these serious violations are governed by the Rome Statute, an international treaty overseen by the International Criminal Court. However, Indonesia has not ratified the Rome Statute. At the national level, there are two laws that address human rights issues: Law No. 39 of 1999, which focuses on the protection of human rights, and Law No. 26 of 2000, which regulates the trial process for cases involving human rights violations. There are still many unresolved cases of gross human rights violations in Indonesia, including the events of 1965-1966, the mysterious shootings of 1982-1985, Talangsari in 1989, Trisakti, Semanggi I and II, the May 1998 riots, forced disappearances in 1997-1998, Wasior in 2001-2002, Wamena in 2003, the killing of shamans in 1998, the Simpang KAA incident in 1999, Jambu Keupok in 2003, Rumah Geudong from 1989-1998, Timang Gajah from 2000-2003, and the Paniai case in 2014. There are two mechanisms for handling these gross human rights violations: judicial and non-judicial. Human rights courts handle resolution through judicial mechanisms, and the National Human Rights Commission (Komnas HAM) has the authority to investigate these incidents. Although efforts to protect human rights in Indonesia have been made, it is important to take further steps to prevent violations and ensure fair and satisfactory resolutions if they occur. To enhance the importance of enforcing and protecting the human rights of every individual, it is crucial for the government and society to collaborate and raise collective awareness.