Maliki Interdisciplinary Journal (MIJ) adalah sebuah jurnal interdisipliner yang menerbitkan artikel-artikel ilmiah berkualitas tinggi yang dihasilkan oleh mahasiswa dari berbagai disiplin ilmu. Jurnal ini dikelola dan diterbitkan setiap bulan dalam versi online oleh Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang. MIJ menyediakan wadah bagi mahasiswa untuk mempublikasikan pemikiran konseptual, ulasan karya ilmiah, dan hasil penelitian mereka. MIJ menjembatani kesenjangan antara disiplin ilmu yang berbeda dengan tiga pendekatan utama: kesamaan rumpun ilmu, dialog antara sains dan nilai-nilai agama, serta integrasi dua disiplin ilmu yang berbeda.
Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang
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Pengaruh kebiasaan minum kopi terhadap konsentrasi belajar mahasiswa di tengah kemajuan digital
This study aims to examine the effect of coffee drinking habits on students' concentration levels in a learning context increasingly influenced by advances in digital technology. Coffee, a caffeinated beverage, has long been known to have a stimulant effect that can potentially increase alertness and focus. However, in today's digital age, distractions from gadgets and various online platforms pose new challenges to students' concentration. The research method used was a quantitative survey, with a sample of active students at several universities, in particular. Data were collected using a questionnaire that measured the frequency of coffee consumption and concentration levels while studying. Statistical analysis was performed to examine the relationship between coffee drinking habits and concentration levels. The results showed a significant positive correlation between coffee consumption and increased concentration levels, although the degree of effect varied depending on the intensity of digital device use. This research provides important insights into the role of coffee as a contributing factor to academic success in the digital age and allows for judicious management of coffee consumption to maximize its benefits without causing negative effects. The implications of this study's results can serve as a reference for students and educators in managing effective learning conditions in modern learning environments.
The Salam sale and purchase contract is a crucial instrument in Islamic jurisprudence (fiqh) of muamalah (Islamic transactions). It is characterized by advance payment and delivery of goods at an agreed time, emphasizing the principles of fairness, clarity, and legal certainty. Discussions on the Salam contract have traditionally focused on the agribusiness sector, while its application in the food service industry, such as catering, has rarely been comprehensively studied. Yet, the food ordering system in catering has characteristics nearly identical to the Salam contract, particularly regarding the clarity of the menu, quantity, price, and delivery time. This article aims to explain the legal basis, pillars, and requirements of the Salam contract, while also examining its relevance to modern catering practices. The study's findings indicate that the implementation of the Salam contract in catering is not only valid according to Sharia law but also provides mutual benefit, transparency, and opportunities for economic empowerment of the community. These findings provide a new contribution to the literature on Islamic economics by confirming that the Salam contract can be adapted to the modern service sector, including through the development of digital ordering systems.
Copyright (c) 2026 ikwal pangsa chaniago
Studi kandungan Fitokimia dan aktivitas anti-hipertensi tanaman ciplukan (Physalis angulate L)
Hypertension is a condition of above-normal blood pressure (≥140/90 mmHg) that is often asymptomatic and can cause serious complications. This study aims to examine the phytochemical content and antihypertensive effects of ciplukan (Physalis angulata L.) as an alternative herbal therapy. The method used was a literature study from various sources over the past 5 years. The results showed that ciplukan contains flavonoids, saponins, alkaloids, steroids, polyphenols, and fisalin, which function as antioxidants, ACE inhibitors, and vasodilators. Interventions with decoctions, juices, or extracts (single or combined) were effective in lowering blood pressure in humans and experimental animals. This plant has potential as an adjunct therapy, particularly in areas with limited access to medication, with recommendations for further research on its clinical mechanisms.
Unemployment remains a structural issue that disrupts Indonesia’s economic progress and social stability, with the national unemployment rate recorded at 5.86% in the second quarter of 2024. This article explores a set of integrated strategies aimed at lowering unemployment by examining the contribution of the forestry sector as a provider of labor opportunities, the role of young entrepreneurs in generating new jobs, and the importance of crisis leadership in ensuring the success of policy implementation. The study adopts a qualitative analytical approach using secondary data sourced from the Central Bureau of Statistics (BPS), Perhutani’s reports, and relevant empirical literature. The findings reveal that the forestry industry in Kediri employs approximately 12,500 local workers, young entrepreneurs contribute to 35% of newly created jobs in the MSME sector, and adaptive leadership can enhance the effectiveness of government programs by up to 40%. Based on these results, the article presents sustainable and integrated policy recommendations aimed at addressing unemployment challenges in Indonesia.
Internalisasi nilai-nilai Al-qur’an dalam kehidupan sosial masyarakat muslim Indonesia
The Qur’an guides humans in social interaction. Digital incivility such as hate speech reflects moral degradation that must be reoriented through Qur’anic ethics. Meanwhile, the Barikan tradition as a form of Living Qur’an in Javanese society strengthens Islamic brotherhood, social care, gratitude, and harmony. This study aims to analyze the concept of al-insan in the Qur’an and the implementation of Qur’anic values in Indonesia’s social life through communication ethics and the Barikan cultural tradition. This research uses library studies and thematic analysis of Qur’anic verses and previous research. The results show that humans possess good and bad potentials; therefore, internalizing Qur’anic values is essential to promote polite communication and build social harmony.The implications of this research indicate that implementing Quranic-based communication ethics is crucial in facing the challenges of the digital era, particularly in minimizing hate speech and increasing public moral awareness. Furthermore, strengthening local traditions such as Barikan can be an effective medium for grounding Quranic values ​​in a contextual and applicable manner. Therefore, the synergy between understanding the sacred text and local cultural practices needs to be continuously developed in an effort to shape a moral, tolerant, and civilized society amidst the currents of globalization.
Kepemimpinan Khulafaur Rasyidin dan kontribusinya terhadap pembentukan peradaban islam
The Khulafaur Rasyidin period is a fundamental phase in Islamic history that determined the direction of development of Muslim civilization after the death of the Prophet Muhammad SAW. This period includes the leadership of four main caliphs, namely Abu Bakar Ash-Shiddiq, Umar bin Khattab, Uthman bin Affan, and Ali bin Abi Talib, each of whom had a significant contribution in building the order of Islamic society. This article aims to comprehensively examine the role and contribution of Khulafaur Rasyidin in the fields of Islamic education, government and politics, law and administration, art and architecture, as well as leadership values ​​that are relevant to modern times.This study uses a literature study approach by referring to six main sources of work by lecturers and academics at UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang which are published in scientific journals. The data was analyzed descriptively-analytically to reveal leadership patterns, strategic policies, and their impact on the development of early Islamic civilization. The results of the study show that Khulafaur Rasyidin succeeded in integrating Islamic values ​​with adaptive and contextual government practices. In the field of education, great attention is given to the teaching of the Koran and hadith as a scientific foundation.. In the aspects of government and law, a transparent and fair administrative system began to be developed, especially during the time of Umar bin Khattab. Meanwhile, the development of Islamic art and architecture began to be seen through the construction of mosques as centers of worship and social activities. Overall, Khulafaur Rasyidin's leadership not only maintained the stability of the Muslim Ummah, but also built the foundations of a civilization that is sustainable and relevant until modern times.
Perkembangan penelitian tafsir ayat kauniyah Al-qur’an
Ayat kauniyah are verses that invite humans to observe, reflect upon, and investigate the creation of Allah through rational and scientific approaches. The purpose of this study is to trace the historical development of tafsir kauniyah, identify its methods and characteristics, and describe its contribution to strengthening the relationship between the Qur’an and modern science. Using a qualitative method through literature analysis, this research finds that the development of tafsir ‘ilmi in Indonesia can be divided into three phases: the preliminary phase (1960s), Development Phase I (1990s–2000s), and Development Phase II (2010–present). Each phase demonstrates increasing sophistication in scientific interpretation, ranging from basic thematic explanation to the formulation of comprehensive scientific exegesis. The study also reveals the main characteristics of tafsir ‘ilmi, namely: the integration of Qur’anic texts with scientific knowledge, a focus on ayat kauniyah, the application of scientific methods, and openness to the latest scientific discoveries. The findings indicate that tafsir kauniyah plays an important role in promoting constructive dialogue between religion and science and in strengthening a contextually relevant understanding of the Qur’an within modern civilization.
Copyright (c) 2026 Nur Adinda Oktavia Ramadhani
Penerapan teknik penguatan (Reinforcement) dalam Pendidikan Agama Islam
Islamic Religious Education (PAI) in schools generally still relies on lecture-based teaching, which has been less effective in shaping students’ religious behavior. This is reflected in low levels of discipline, honesty, and social concern, indicating a gap between students’ understanding of religious material and their daily practice. This study analyzes the use of reinforcement based on Behaviorist theory as a strategy to improve positive behavior in PAI learning. The theories of Watson, Thorndike, and Skinner emphasize that behavior is formed through stimulus–response mechanisms, repetition, and consequences, which align with the concept of habituation in Islamic education. The analysis shows that PAI teachers have implemented both positive and negative reinforcement, but the application remains inconsistent, poorly planned, and dependent on personal experience. Challenges arise from limited understanding of the theory, inadequate facilities, and students’ dependence on material rewards. This study highlights that non-material reinforcement, moral acknowledgment, and continuous evaluation of behavioral progress are more effective in developing Islamic character. By applying reinforcement systematically and measurably, PAI learning can more effectively foster students’ religious behavior and moral conduct in the long term.
Copyright (c) 2026 riskita wulan firjiyanti
Kajian Teoretis tentang Suhu dan Kalor serta Perannya dalam Perpindahan Energi
Temperature and heat are fundamental concepts in thermal physics that play an important role in understanding energy transfer phenomena. Temperature represents the average kinetic energy of particles in a system, while heat is a form of energy transferred due to a temperature difference. This article aims to theoretically examine the concepts of temperature and heat and their roles in energy transfer processes. The method used is a literature review by analyzing relevant scientific sources, including physics textbooks and journal articles. The discussion focuses on the fundamental distinction between temperature and heat, their measurement units and instruments, and the mechanisms of heat transfer, namely conduction, convection, and radiation. The results of this study indicate that a proper understanding of temperature and heat is essential for explaining natural phenomena and their applications in everyday life, such as phase changes of matter and thermal systems. In conclusion, this theoretical review emphasizes that temperature and heat play a crucial role in energy transfer and form the basis of thermodynamics.
Copyright (c) 2026 Fatimah Robiatus Tsaniyyah
Hubungan tingkat tekanan darah dengan stadium retinopati diabetik pada pasien di RSU Karsa Husada Kota Batu
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease that requires long-term management due to its potential to cause various serious complications. One of the most common complications is diabetic retinopathy, a condition characterized by damage to the small blood vessels of the retina, which can impair vision and may ultimately lead to blindness. In addition to blood glucose levels, blood pressure is frequently identified as a factor that can worsen retinal vascular damage. Therefore, blood pressure control is considered an essential component of diabetes management. This study aimed to examine the association between blood pressure levels and the stage of diabetic retinopathy among patients with diabetes mellitus at Karsa Husada General Hospital, Batu City. An analytic observational study with a cross-sectional design was conducted. Data were obtained from patients’ medical records covering the period from 2020 to 2022. A total of 32 patients met the inclusion and exclusion criteria and were included in the analysis. Blood pressure was classified into normal, high-normal, stage 1 hypertension, and stage 2 hypertension. Diabetic retinopathy was categorized into non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) and proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). Data analysis consisted of univariate analysis to describe patient characteristics and bivariate analysis using the Chi-square test. The results showed that most patients were classified as having stage 1 hypertension and were diagnosed with PDR. The Chi-square test yielded a p-value of 0.315, indicating no statistically significant association between blood pressure level and the stage of diabetic retinopathy. These findings suggest that the severity of diabetic retinopathy is influenced not only by blood pressure but also by other contributing factors. Consequently, diabetes management should be implemented comprehensively using a holistic approach.
This study aims to analyze the contradiction between efforts to strengthen national integration and the rising challenges of horizontal conflicts that threaten the stability of Indonesian national identity. As a highly diverse nation, Indonesia continuously strives to weave unity through the ideological consensus of Pancasila. However, current social dynamics indicate that national identity often clashes with the strengthening of primordial sentiments and sectoral egos. The research method employed is descriptive qualitative with a literature review approach, examining various political sociology literatures and secondary data regarding communal conflicts over the past decade. The results show that while formal integration instruments are well-established, sociological integration at the grassroots level still faces serious obstacles due to the politicization of identity and inequality in the distribution of economic resources. Emerging horizontal conflicts tend to be triggered by the manipulation of ethnic, religious, and racial issues in political contests, which widens the gap between groups. The study concludes that strengthening national identity cannot be achieved solely through security or ceremonial approaches. An inclusive reorientation of character education and public policies capable of addressing the roots of social injustice are required. The synergy between local wisdom and modern values is key to mitigating the potential for disintegration and ensuring sustainable national stability amidst existing diversity.
This study investigates the vital role of realizing short vowels (single harakat) and long vowels (Mad/tanwin) from the perspective of ‘Ilm al-Aṣhwāt (Phonetics) in minimizing critical errors (La ḥ n Jalī) when reciting the Qur’an. 30Accurate and fluent recitation is a crucial aspect of worship, requiring precise pronunciation to maintain the integrity of the verses' meaning. 31La ḥ n Jalī is defined as a clear and obvious pronunciation error that directly changes or affects the meaning of the recitation. 32The main problem is the lack of understanding among reciters, especially beginners, regarding the application and differentiation of duration between short vowels (one harakat) and long vowels (two or more harakat), frequently leading to La ḥ n Jalī. 33In Arabic, this difference in vowel duration is essential for distinguishing word meanings. 34Video analysis case studies illustrate how errors in substituting, shortening, or lengthening vowels can alter the verse's meaning (e.g., warsuulahu (ورسولَه) instead of the correct warsuuluhu (ورسولُه), or shortening the long vowel in yaquuluu qad (يقولُوا قد)). 35Employing a qualitative approach with descriptive analysis of Qur'an recitation videos, this research aims to effectively optimize the realization of short and long vowels to reduce La ḥ n Jalī. 36Findings indicate that vowel duration is critically important yet still receives insufficient attention. 37Therefore, it is recommended that educational institutions strengthen their ‘Ilm al-Aṣhwāt and 38Tajwid curricula to focus on vowel duration. 39Additionally, reciters should utilize digital media critically, and instructors should implement a two-way training method (audiovisual and direct feedback) to enhance the reciters' auditory sensitivity.
Copyright (c) 2026 Muhammad Rusydan Al Mahbubi
Rekontekstualisasi metode dakwah Walisongo
The spread of Islam in Java cannot be separated from the adaptive and contextual da’wah strategies of Walisongo. This article aims to analyze and compare the da’wah methods of Sunan Kalijaga, Sunan Bonang, and Sunan Giri, as well as their relevance in addressing contemporary challenges in the digital era. This study employs a qualitative descriptive approach through literature review of historical sources and recent scholarly works. The findings indicate that Sunan Kalijaga emphasized cultural da’wah through arts and local symbols, Sunan Bonang developed a Sufi-oriented approach using music and literary traditions, while Sunan Giri focused on institutional da’wah through structured education and cadre formation. These approaches were effective as they accommodated Hindu-Buddhist and animistic traditions without generating social conflict. In the digital context, Walisongo’s da’wah models remain relevant when adapted into creative cultural content, digital religious education, and spiritual reinforcement to counter radicalism, misinformation, and hedonistic lifestyles. This study concludes that Walisongo’s da’wah represents not merely a historical legacy but a foundational framework for developing a modern, moderate, inclusive, and contextual Islamic da’wah model.
Membuat kalimat efektif dan memperbaiki kalimat tidak efektif
This article addresses the crucial skill of constructing effective sentences and correcting inaccurate ones in writing, particularly in an academic setting. Effective sentences are essential because they ensure the intended message is clear, precise, and immediately understandable to the reader, thus preventing misinterpretation.We detail the core concept and key characteristics of effective sentences. A strong sentence must possess a complete structure (subject and predicate) , be economical in its wording (avoiding redundancy) , be logical, and be free from double meanings (ambiguity). Furthermore, the discussion offers practical steps for correcting ineffective writing : simplifying overly complex structures , replacing inappropriate word choices (diction) , and ensuring adherence to standard language rules, including correct spelling and punctuation. The ultimate goal is to help readers enhance their written communication to be clearer and more professional.
Copyright (c) 2026 ahmad lucky hamami zada
Social media has become an integral part of adolescents' daily lives, providing a platform for interaction, information sharing, and self-expression. This study aims to analyze changes in social communication behavior and norms among adolescents as a result of the integration of social media into daily life. Using a descriptive qualitative approach to examine digital interaction practices, the results indicate online disinhibition that has led to increased ethical challenges, including cyberbullying, the spread of disinformation, and cancel culture. It was found that communication norms in digital spaces differ substantially from face-to-face interactions, often ignoring the principles of privacy and respect. As a discussion and conclusion, there is a great urgency to increase awareness of digital communication ethics among adolescents. Support and learning from the social environment (family and peers) are essential for adolescents to use social media positively and responsibly for the development of self-identity, rather than as a source of ethical problems.
Copyright (c) 2026 rossalita rossalita puspita sari
Anxious attachment is an emotional attachment pattern characterized by excessive anxiety in interpersonal relationships, particularly in romantic relationships. Individuals with this attachment style tend to have a strong need for emotional closeness, attention, and validation from their partners. Uncertainty within relationships often triggers intense emotional responses, such as fear of abandonment, overthinking, and difficulties in regulating emotions independently. This article aims to examine anxious attachment from a psychological perspective by highlighting its key characteristics, its impact on emotional regulation, and its implications for interpersonal relationship dynamics. The discussion indicates that anxious attachment significantly affects individual psychological well-being and the quality of relationships. Therefore, understanding this attachment pattern is essential as a foundation for developing more adaptive emotion regulation, healthy communication, and balanced interpersonal relationships.
Copyright (c) 2026 nur hidayatul hasanah
Pengaruh paparan cahaya biru layar digital terhadap kualitas tidur dan fungsi kognitif
The increasing use of digital devices has made exposure to blue light from screens a common part of daily activities, especially at night. This situation raises concerns about possible effects on sleep quality and cognitive performance. This study aims to examine how blue light exposure from digital screens may influence sleep quality and cognitive functions, including attention, memory, concentration, and the ability to process information. The discussion was carried out by reviewing various scientific sources related to digital device use, sleep patterns, and cognitive abilities. The findings indicate that nighttime exposure to blue light tends to be linked to delayed sleep time, reduced sleep comfort, and changes in rest patterns that may affect physical and mental condition the next day. Ongoing sleep disturbances may also contribute to lower focus, decreased accuracy, and reduced performance in tasks requiring concentration. However, in certain situations, blue light exposure may provide short-term benefits by increasing alertness, particularly during daytime activities. Therefore, the impact of blue light cannot be viewed in a simple way, as it is influenced by exposure time, duration of device use, and individual habits. This study is expected to provide insight into developing healthier digital device habits to help maintain sleep quality and cognitive function.
Kemukjizatan retorika pengulangan ayat ” فَبِأَيِّ آلَاءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ” dalam surah Ar-Rahman
This study examines the rhetorical wonder of the verse “Fabi Ayyi Ālā’i Rabbikumā Tukażżibān” in Surah al-Raḥmān through the perspective of Ma‘ānī. This verse is repeated 31 times in various contexts related to the blessings of Allah, the signs of His power, the Day of Judgment, and the rewards for humans and jinn. This repetition often draws attention because it uses the same wording yet still conveys diverse meanings depending on the context of the accompanying verses. This study aims to analyze the rhetorical function of this verse and explain its miraculous aspects within the framework of Ma‘ānī studies. The method employed is library research using a qualitative approach. Data were obtained from the Qur’an, exegetical works, balāghah literature, and relevant prior research, and were then analyzed using a descriptive-analytical approach. The results indicate that these verses serve several rhetorical functions: at-taukīd (emphasis), at-tanbīh (warning), and at-taubīkh (reprimand). These functions indicate that the repetition in Surah al-Raḥmān is not merely a repetition of words, but a means to reinforce the message, instill meaning, and cultivate the spiritual awareness of its readers. Thus, this verse serves as one of the forms of the Qur’an’s rhetorical miracles, demonstrating the harmony between language, context, and the intended meaning.
Marketplace dan dropshipping dalam perspektif fiqih bisnis online halal
The development of the digital economy has drastically transformed the global trade system. Business models such as marketplaces and dropshipping have become popular innovations that enable fast transactions without the need for physical ownership of goods. However, from a fiqh muamalah perspective, these practices need to be reviewed to ensure their compliance with Sharia principles, which reject riba (usury), gharar (uncertainty), and maisir (speculation). This article aims to examine the marketplace and dropshipping systems in depth based on Islamic law using a literature review approach from several academic journals, including works by Ahmad Djalaluddin, Dini Rahmatina, Muhammad Anugrah, and the views of contemporary scholars such as Shaykh Sa'ad bin Turki Al-Khotslan. The study's results indicate that marketplaces are essentially halal as long as the contract is clear and transparent, while dropshipping is permissible if it uses the wakalah bil ujrah or salam muqayyad contract, with strict supervision of the seller's honesty and responsibility.
Jual beli dalam Al-Qur’an dan hadist melalui pendekatan tafsir Maudhu’i
Buying and selling is a form of transaction that plays a central role in the economic life of Muslims. In the Quran, buying and selling is legally permissible under certain pillars and conditions. The Quran and Hadith provide a strong normative foundation regarding the permissibility, principles, and ethics of buying and selling transactions to avoid harmful practices such as usury, fraud, and injustice. This article aims to examine the concept of buying and selling in the Quran and Hadith through a thematic tafsir approach, compiling and analyzing verses and hadith related to buying and selling and financial management. The research method used is qualitative research based on library research, with the primary sources being the Quran, Hadith, and classical and contemporary tafsir literature. The results of the study indicate that buying and selling in Islam is permissible as long as it meets the principles of willingness, honesty, justice, trustworthiness, and freedom from usury and gharar. The maudhu'i interpretation approach allows for a comprehensive and systematic understanding of Islamic economic values, making them relevant for application in modern economic practices, including digital trade and Islamic finance.
Copyright (c) 2026 Isma Mutia Khoirun Nisa'
Penguatan Budaya Madrasah sebagai Strategi Peningkatan Prestasi Akademik dan Nonakademik Siswa MAN 2 Kota Malang
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kontribusi penguatan budaya madrasah terhadap peningkatan prestasi akademik dan nonakademik siswa di MAN 2 Kota Malang. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan desain studi kasus. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi, dan analisis dokumen, serta divalidasi dengan triangulasi sumber dan metode. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penguatan budaya sekolah khususnya nilai religiusitas, kedisiplinan, tanggung jawab, kolaborasi, dan etos kerja berpengaruh signifikan terhadap perkembangan siswa. Nilai-nilai tersebut diinternalisasikan melalui pembiasaan, keteladanan guru, sistem manajemen berbasis nilai, supervisi, dan mekanisme penguatan. Secara akademik, pembinaan yang terstruktur, lingkungan belajar yang kompetitif, dan program unggulan khusus mampu meningkatkan prestasi siswa dalam berbagai kompetisi akademik. Sementara itu, dalam domain nonakademik, penguatan budaya turut mendukung pengembangan bakat siswa dalam bidang olahraga, seni, dan kegiatan keagamaan. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa budaya sekolah yang kuat dan diimplementasikan secara konsisten tidak hanya membentuk karakter siswa, tetapi juga menjadi mekanisme strategis dalam meningkatkan prestasi akademik dan nonakademik secara berkelanjutan
The Umayyad Dynasty (661–750 CE) was the first dynasty in Islamic history, centered in Damascus. This period was marked by a shift in leadership from a deliberative caliphate to a hereditary monarchy. The Umayyad Dynasty contributed to the expansion of Islamic territory, the development of government administration, and the growth of the intellectual dynamism of the Muslim community. However, various political problems, social disparities, and internal conflicts contributed to the decline of this dynasty. This article examines the development of Islam during the Umayyad Dynasty, highlighting the process of appointing caliphs, the model of government, the profiles of caliphs, political dynamics, intellectual dynamics, and the factors of its decline. This research uses a historical study method with a descriptive-analytical approach to primary and secondary sources, such as classical Islamic historical works and contemporary academic studies. The analysis focuses on the relationship between political policies, government structures, and socio-religious developments during the Umayyad Dynasty. The results of the study show that the initial stability of the Umayyad government played a significant role in expanding Islamic territory and establishing a relatively centralized administrative system, but at the same time gave rise to resistance from various groups due to the practice of power that tended to be exclusive. The intellectual dynamics during this period developed through the codification of early Islamic knowledge and interaction with local cultures in conquered territories. In conclusion, the Umayyad Dynasty played a significant role in establishing the political foundations and Islamic civilization, although internal weaknesses and political conflicts were the main factors that accelerated its collapse.
Analisis laporan keuangan Bank Victoria Syariah menggunakan pendekatan Rasio Profitabilitas (ROE)
This study aims to look at the financial performance of Bank Victoria Syariah over the last five years (2020-2024) using the Return on Equity (ROE) profitability ratio approach. ROE is a key indicator that shows how well a bank can generate profits based on the total equity it holds. The data used is sourced from Bank Victoria Syariah's annual financial statements. The results of this study show that the ROE value increases consistently from 2020-2024, this suggests that banks may be able to better manage equity to generate profits. These findings show that Bank Victoria Syariah is on a positive path to increase profitability and strengthen its position in the Islamic banking industry in Indonesia.
Copyright (c) 2026 Maulana Firdaus, Esy Nur Aisyah, Dosen Pengampu
Kesulitan dan Permasalahan dalam Pengajaran Fonetik Bahasa Arab
The teaching of Arabic phonetics is a crucial component in language acquisition, as it determines learners’ accuracy in pronunciation, meaning comprehension, and phonemic discrimination. However, phonetic instruction often encounters various challenges arising from linguistic, psychological, biological, and social factors. Differences between the learners’ native phonological system and Arabic frequently lead to articulation errors, especially with distinctive sounds such as guttural consonants and emphatic phonemes that are seldom found in other languages. Psychological elements—including anxiety, low confidence, and inaccurate sound perception—also influence learners’ ability to produce sounds correctly. Physical limitations, such as hearing impairments, structural abnormalities of the speech organs, or conditions experienced by children after cleft lip surgery, further contribute to phonetic difficulties. The effectiveness of phonetic instruction depends on teachers’ ability to recognize these sources of difficulty and employ appropriate pedagogical strategies. This study aims to identify the primary factors underlying phonetic problems in Arabic language learning and propose more effective instructional approaches to enhance learners’ pronunciation skills. The findings highlight the importance of adopting adaptive, holistic, and learner-sensitive methods to support students with diverse linguistic and physical needs.
Wakaf uang sebagai instrumen pemulihan ekonomi nasional
This study analyzes the strategic role of money waqf as an alternative financing instrument in the framework of the National Economic Recovery after the crisis due to the COVID-19 pandemic and the threat of global recession. In the midst of limited government fiscal space, money waqf offers financing schemes based on social participation and economic justice. With the largest Muslim population in the world, the potential for money waqf in Indonesia is estimated to reach Rp180 trillion per year, but the realization of its collection is still far below this potential. This study examines the regulatory framework starting from Law No. 41/2004, Government Regulation No. 42/2006, to the 2002 MUI fatwa as well as innovations in social financial instruments such as Cash Waqf Linked Sukuk (CWLS) and Cash Waqf Linked Deposit (CWLD). Through a literature review of data from the Indonesian Waqf Agency (BWI), the Ministry of Finance, and academic references, this study identified the main obstacles in the form of low waqf literacy, institutional problems, and low public trust in nazhir professionalism. The findings confirm that the integration of money waqf in the formal financial system, if managed with transparent digital governance, has the potential to become an automatic economic stabilizer, a driver of MSME empowerment, and a catalyst for equitable distribution of welfare.
Pengaruh pola asuh otoriter terhadap self concept pada remaja
This study aims to examine the influence of authoritarian parenting on adolescent self-concept. The research was conducted with a quantitative approach using a correlational method on 156 junior high school students in Malang Regency. Data were collected through PCRQ (Parent-child relationship questionnare) and AF5 self-concept scale, which were then analyzed using regression test, t-test, and ANOVA. The results showed that authoritarian parenting has a significant influence on adolescents' self-concept through linear regression analysis (F = 7.910, Sig. = 0.006), although t-test and ANOVA did not show significant differences. Most respondents showed low levels of authoritarian parenting and moderate self-concept. The discussion revealed that social, environmental and cultural factors influence adolescents' self-concept, demonstrating the complexity of the relationship between parenting and psychological development. This study suggests the need for a multidimensional approach in understanding the impact of parenting and the development of programs that support the development of adolescents' self-concept through adaptive social and educational support.
Pendidikan anti korupsi berbasis islam sebagai strategi pembentukan karakter integritas mahasiswa
Corruption is a serious problem that damages governance, public trust, and academic morality. This study aims to analyze Islamic-based anti-corruption education as a strategy for forming students’ integrity character in Islamic higher education institutions. The method used is a literature study with a qualitative-descriptive approach to relevant scholarly sources. The discussion shows that the values of shidq, amanah, justice, mas’uliyyah, and the prohibition of taking others’ rights unlawfully serve as ethical foundations for building anti-corruption awareness. Integrating these values into Qur’an and Hadith courses, Islamic Religious Education, Pancasila, and other academic activities can strengthen students’ knowledge, attitudes, and ethical actions. Ma’had culture, lecturer role models, student organizations, academic codes of ethics, and transparent campus governance function as spaces for integrity habituation. This study concludes that Islamic-based anti-corruption education must be implemented curricularly, institutionally, and sustainably so that students not only understand corruption as a legal violation, but also reject it as a moral, social, and spiritual deviation. Periodic evaluation is also needed to measure its academic relevance consistently.
Copyright (c) 2026 Putri Ridva Fadhylana
Pembiasaan Nilai-Nilai Keislaman Dalam Lingkungan Kampus dan Ma’had UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang
This study aims to describe the process of habituation of Islamic values ​​in the Campus and Ma'had environment of UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang and its impact on the formation of student character. This study uses a qualitative approach with descriptive research. Data were obtained through observation, documentation, and literature studies related to the Islamic development program in the campus environment and Ma'had Sunan Ampel Al-Aly. The results of this study indicate that the habituation of Islamic values ​​at UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang is implemented in an integrated manner through institutional policies, religious academic culture, and a pesantren-based development system. Ma'had programs, religious activities, and the exemplary behavior of the academic community are the main means of internalizing Islamic values ​​to students. This habituation has a positive impact on the formation of student character, especially in fostering noble morals, disciplined worship, responsibility, social concern, and spiritual awareness. The synergy between the campus and Ma'had Sunan Ampel Al-Aly plays an important role in creating students who are not only academically superior, but also have a strong Islamic identity in accordance with the concept of Ulul Albab.
Pemikiran politik islam menurut perspektif Hasan Al-Bana dan Sayyid Quthb
This article examines the political thought of two influential figures in modern Islamic movements, Hasan al-Banna and Sayyid Qutb. Both played central roles in shaping the ideological foundation of the Muslim Brotherhood and contributed significantly to the rise of Islamic political consciousness in the twentieth century. This study aims to explore their intellectual backgrounds, outline their key political ideas, and analyze the similarities, differences, and contemporary relevance of their perspectives. Using a descriptive–qualitative approach based on literature review, the analysis reveals that both al-Banna and Qutb view Islam as a comprehensive system that governs all aspects of life, reject secularism, and emphasize the centrality of Sharia in social and political structures. However, their approaches differ substantially: al-Banna advocates gradual transformation through education, moral cultivation, and community development, while Qutb adopts a more ideological and confrontational stance, especially through his concepts of hakimiyyah (divine sovereignty) and modern jahiliyyah. Their ideas remain relevant in current debates on Islamic political thought, influencing both moderate reformist movements and critical perspectives on modern socio-political systems.
Peran pemahaman makna bahasa Arab dalam memperkuat daya ingat hafalan Al-Qur’an
Understanding the meaning of Arabic plays an important role in the process of memorizing the Qur’an, especially amid the rise of tahfidz methods that focus on repetition without deep comprehension. A lack of understanding of Arabic vocabulary and structure often causes memorization to be easily forgotten, difficult to organize logically, and requires longer time for revision (muraja’ah). This study examines how understanding the meaning of Arabic can strengthen the memorization retention of the Qur’an. Using a literature review method, this research analyzes journals and academic sources discussing the relationship between language, cognition, and memorization ability. The results show that memorizers who understand the meaning of the verses are better able to connect each part conceptually, thereby reducing memorization errors, increasing focus, and accelerating the revision process. In addition, understanding nahwu, sharaf, and the grammatical patterns of the Qur’an helps create a stronger memorization structure. To support the effectiveness of tahfidz, it is necessary to integrate systematic Arabic learning into memorization programs, so that memorizers do not only recall the text but also understand the message contained within it.
Copyright (c) 2026 Siti Nur Adzkia Maulida
Toleransi dan kerukunan umat beragama dalam perspektif Al-Qur`an dan Hadist pada pelaksanaan sholat Idul Adha di Depok
Tolerance is an essential value in the social life of a pluralistic society. this attitude emerges as an effort to prevent conflict and maintain harmony. in islamic perspective, tolerance serves as a fundamental principle in establishing peaceful relations among religious communities. differences within society often create potential tension, making mutual respect and understanding crucial.This study employs a qualitative approach using the library research method by examining hadith collections, book, journals, and relevant scholarly woeks. The primary data are sourced from Qur’anic verses and hadiths that emphasize peaceful coexistence and mutual respect. The findings reveal that Islamic teachings emphasize not only theological tolerance but also its practical implementation in daily life. This can be seen un the eid al-adha prayer practices in depok, where cooperation and respect among different religious groups are cleary demonstrated, where non-muslim residents actively maintain security and order during prayers.Islam teaches that living peacefully and honoring differences is a key principle for creating a harmonious and stable society.
Copyright (c) 2026 Itasyafa Qurrota`ayun
Menanamkan pendidikan karakter oleh keluarga sebagai pendidik pertama
Early childhood refers to individuals between the ages of 0-6 years old who experience rapid growth and development. Therefore, it is during this period that they receive appropriate stimulation from their surroundings. The family is the primary and first environment that shapes a child's character, leading to noble character, through role models, communication, and positive habits. A safe, comfortable, and loving family environment can support the development of every aspect of a child. Challenges faced by parents in this digital age include excessive gadget use and a lack of direct interaction between parents and children, necessitating guidance and supervision involving active communication. Authoritative parenting styles, the provision of rewards and sanctions, and collaboration with the school can also be solutions that parents can implement. Thus, character formation in children can benefit emotional development, discipline, and interaction skills in the future. It can be concluded that a child's character is determined by the quality of interaction and care provided by the family, as well as the success in creating a safe, comfortable, and loving environment.
Copyright (c) 2026 Nadya Mustaqhfiroh Mawardi
Current technological advances have triggered the development of interpretive styles, leading to the emergence of the term contemporary interpretation. This study aims to examine the contemporary interpretive approach through the use of artificial intelligence (AI), which has been widely used by Qur'anic interpreters. One Qur'anic interpreter who uses a contemporary interpretive style is Muhammad Izzat Darwazah (1887-1984), who has had a significant influence on the development of contemporary tafsir studies. This interpreter then uses the tafsir nuzuli method, which emphasizes the importance of interpreting Qur'anic verses based on the chronological order of revelation (tartib al-nuzul). This article will explain that contemporary interpretation of the Qur'an can use AI, but must also be careful and not ignore the classical principles of tafsir science, so that AI can be used to interpret the Qur'an contextually and systematically.
Analisis peran kebijakan moneter terhadap inflasi di Indonesia
Inflation is a key indicator used to assess the stability of a country's economy. To ensure inflation remains under control, the benchmark interest rate, open market operations, and reserve requirements are some of the tools Bank Indonesia uses to implement its monetary policy. These tools are used to regulate the money supply in society, thereby reducing inflationary pressures. Research shows that monetary policy has a significant impact on maintaining stable inflation, especially when implemented consistently and accompanied by clear policy communication. However, inflation in Indonesia is still affected by external factors, such as changes in commodity prices and currency exchange rates. This indicates that monetary policy needs to be responsive to maintain price stability.
Copyright (c) 2026 Farida Nafis Sholehah
Analisis kedekatan emosional dalam interaksi sosial antara penjual kantin dan mahasiswa di kampus 1 UIN Malang
This article seeks to explore the emotional closeness established through social interactions between canteen vendors and students at Campus 1 of UIN Malang. The interactions extend beyond transactional activities and develop into ongoing, personal social relationships. A qualitative research design was applied, utilizing observation and in-depth interviews with both canteen vendors and students as data collection methods. The results reveal that emotional closeness is fostered through frequent communication, openness, mutual familiarity, and the emergence of trust and comfort. Within these interactions, canteen vendors often act as attentive listeners and provide emotional care and support for students. Such relationships contribute positively to stronger student attachment to canteen vendors, the creation of a comfortable canteen atmosphere, and the reinforcement of social connections within the campus environment. Consequently, social interactions in campus canteens play a significant role in promoting emotional bonds and social harmony among members of the academic community.
Copyright (c) 2026 Layyinah Salsabila Fitri
Human Rights (HR) are fundamental rights inherent to every individual from birth and serve as a central pillar in national and state life. This study aims to examine the concept and basic principles of human rights, analyze their implementation and enforcement challenges in Indonesia, and formulate strategies to strengthen human rights protection. The research employs a qualitative approach through a literature review by analyzing relevant legal sources and academic references. The findings indicate that although Indonesia has established a strong legal framework for human rights protection, there remains a gap between normative provisions and practical implementation. Various human rights violations, such as discrimination, violence, and legal injustice, continue to occur due to weak law enforcement, low public awareness, and political and cultural factors. Therefore, comprehensive strategies are needed, including strengthening law enforcement, institutional reform, human rights education, and the wise use of technology. Ultimately, strengthening human rights is expected to foster a democratic, just, and dignified society.
Copyright (c) 2026 Achmad Chaidar Jazuli
Dinamika multikulturalisme dan tantangan toleransi di Indonesia kontemporer
Indonesia is multicultural country with diverse ethnicities, cultures, languages, and religions. This diversity becomes a strength in building a harmonious society through the value of tolerance. However, in this contemporary era, technological development and globalization have brought new dynamics to Indonesian society. As a result, various challenges to tolerance have emerged, making efforts to preserve the nation’s moral values and tolerance increasingly important. This article aims to examine the dynamics of multiculturalism and the challenges of tolerance in contemporary Indonesia. The discussion also covers various factors causing the dynamics of multiculturalism in the contemporary era, the challenges faced, and efforts to maintain national unity without neglecting noble values. Therefore, this article explains the possible impacts and the actions that should be taken by Indonesian citizens.
Copyright (c) 2026 Muhammad Raihan Fajar Ramadhan
Tantangan penegakan HAM dalam ruang siber
The rapid advancement of digital technology has brought significant changes to society, yet it has also opened new vulnerabilities to personal data exploitation in cyberspace. This study aims to examine the challenges of enforcing Human Rights (HAM) in the digital context, particularly regarding the effectiveness of Law Number 27 of 2022 on Personal Data Protection (UU PDP) in safeguarding the fundamental rights of Indonesian citizens. A descriptive qualitative method with a literature study approach was employed, analyzing various legal sources, academic journals, and related regulations. The findings reveal that while UU PDP has provided a stronger legal framework compared to previous regulations, several weaknesses remain in terms of institutional capacity, sanction enforcement, and public awareness. The foundational values of Pancasila as the basis of national life should serve as the primary foundation in building a just and sovereign data protection system. Strengthening supervisory institutions, enhancing digital literacy, and harmonizing regulations are necessary to ensure effective and comprehensive protection of human rights in cyberspace.
Praktik penyusunan proyek penguatan profil pelajar Pancasila (P5) dan PPRA (Profil Pelajar Rahmatan Lil Alamin)
This study discusses the implementation of the Rahmatan lil Alamin Student Profile Strengthening Project (PPRA) as an effort to strengthen students’ character within the Merdeka Curriculum. The P5 program is a project-based learning approach designed to help students develop in accordance with Pancasila values, such as belief and devotion to God Almighty, mutual cooperation, independence, critical thinking, creativity, and global diversity awareness. Meanwhile, PPRA emphasizes the development of moderate, tolerant, and humanistic religious character within the madrasah environment. This study employs a literature review method by examining various scientific sources related to the implementation of P5 and PPRA in education. The findings indicate that the implementation of these two programs has a positive impact on students’ character development through project-based learning, the habituation of religious values, school culture, as well as intracurricular and cocurricular activities. In addition, these programs help students develop critical, creative, and collaborative thinking skills while fostering attitudes of tolerance and social awareness. However, the implementation of these programs still faces several challenges, including teachers’ limited understanding, inadequate facilities and infrastructure, and the lack of optimal collaboration among schools, parents, and the community. Therefore, strengthening efforts are needed through teacher training, learning innovation, and support from various stakeholders so that P5 and PPRA can be implemented effectively and sustainably.
The study of geopolitics and geostrategy is crucial in understanding the dynamics of interstate relations and their implications for national security and development. This research aims to examine geopolitics as a conceptual foundation for shaping strategic policies and to analyze geostrategy as a practical instrument for addressing global challenges. The method employed is a literature review with a descriptive qualitative approach, focusing on a comprehensive analysis of theories and practices related to geopolitics and geostrategy. The findings reveal that the integration of geopolitics and geostrategy provides an effective framework for states to formulate foreign policy, strengthen bargaining positions, and maintain national stability amid global transformations.These results affirm that the Crusades represent a multidimensional phenomenon reflecting the complexity of the relationship between religion and politics in history.
Copyright (c) 2026 dwi aurora nayla rahmadina
Anti-corruption education in Islamic higher education institutions is a strategic instrument to break the chain of misconduct from an early stage. The research gap lies in the lack of understanding of how the construction of moral feeling influences students' moral civic action in preventing academic corruptive behavior, such as cheating. This study aims to explore the relationship between the dimensions of moral feeling and students' civic action as a framework for developing effective anti-corruption education. The research design utilizes an explanatory quantitative survey approach with a sample of active university students in Indonesia. Data collection instruments used a Likert scale questionnaire that met the criteria for validity and reliability (Cronbach's Alpha > 0.7). Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics and simple linear regression. The results indicate a significant positive relationship between moral feeling and students' moral civic action within the framework of anti-corruption education (p < 0.05). Every one-point increase on the moral feeling scale correlates with a 0.5-point increase in students' moral civic action. Theoretical implications suggest that the anti-corruption education curriculum in higher education must integrate moral affective strengthening to foster national character with high integrity.
Copyright (c) 2026 warda mujibah dayanah
Strategi geopolitik Indonesia dalam menjaga stabilitas nasional di tengah persaingan global
The changing condition of international affairs has increased global competition in many sectors, including politics, economy, defense, technology, and control over strategic regions. This situation places Indonesia in an important position because the country lies on international trade routes and is part of the Indo-Pacific area that has become a major focus of world powers. This study aims to examine Indonesia’s geopolitical strategy in maintaining national stability amid increasingly complex global rivalry. The research applies a qualitative method through library research by using various references such as academic journals, books, news sources, and official documents related to Indonesian geopolitics and geostrategy. The findings indicate that Indonesia carries out several strategic efforts through the strengthening of its free and active foreign policy, expanding cooperation within ASEAN, improving national economic resilience, reinforcing maritime security, and optimizing national resources to support state stability. In addition, Indonesia attempts to maintain balanced relations with major countries in order to avoid pressure and conflicts of international interests. These strategies are implemented to protect national security, preserve state sovereignty, and strengthen Indonesia’s role in global relations. In conclusion, Indonesia’s geopolitical strategy has an important function in responding to global dynamics while maintaining national stability in the midst of rapid international changes.
Membangun kedaulatan negara melalui pendekatan geostrategi dan geopolitik
This paper examines the crucial role of geopolitical and geostrategic strategies in supporting national sovereignty, particularly in a global context, where they serve as the foundation for maintaining territorial integrity, social identity, sustainability, and multidimensional challenges such as the energy crisis, technological disruption, and great power rivalry. The primary issue raised is how a state can formulate a geostrategic and geopolitical approach as a crucial safeguard in understanding its geographic position, resource potential, and internal and external threats that impact national stability. Through the correct application of geostrategy, a state can optimize regional strength, strengthen defenses, and build comprehensive national resilience. Geopolitics, meanwhile, plays a role in formulating policies aligned with geographic conditions and national interests. Romi Faslah once explained that geostrategy and geopolitics are inseparable in shaping a strong national policy direction. (Faslah, 2024) The study's findings demonstrate that geopolitical and geostrategic strategies designed with national identity and the global context in mind can serve as a key foundation for strengthening a state's resilience to external pressures and internal crises. Therefore, synergy between the state, civil society, and the private sector is necessary to build adaptive sovereignty and sustainable development.
Copyright (c) 2026 adelia putri salsabila
Freedom of speech is a constitutional right guaranteed by Article 28E paragraph (3) of the 1945 Constitution of Indonesia, yet in practice it is frequently threatened by the application of Article 27 paragraph (3) of the Electronic Information and Transactions Law (UU ITE), which is widely criticized for its ambiguous and multi-interpretable provisions. A growing phenomenon in Indonesian legal practice is the criminalization of sarcastic utterances directed at the government or public officials, wherein law enforcement authorities often interpret criticism wrapped in sarcasm as defamation or insult. This article examines the issue from the perspective of Arabic rhetorical science (balaghah), specifically the concepts of haqiqah (literal meaning) and majaz (figurative meaning), as an analytical framework to dissect the linguistic nature of sarcastic speech. Haqiqah refers to the literal meaning of a word, while majaz denotes the use of a word in a non-literal sense, marked by context and qarinah (contextual indicators). Through a juridical-normative and linguistic analysis approach, this article argues that sarcasm is essentially a form of majaz that must not be interpreted literally. The criminalization of sarcastic utterances directed at the government not only contradicts principles of freedom of expression but also reflects a hermeneutic crisis in legal interpretation that fails to comprehend the linguistic dimension in its entirety. The article concludes that clear linguistic interpretation guidelines are urgently needed in the application of Article 27 paragraph (3) of the UU ITE to prevent it from becoming an instrument to silence legitimate public criticism of the government.
Copyright (c) 2026 Muhammad Ashabil Fazri
Internalisasi nilai multikultural berbasis kearifan lokal
This study aims to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the mechanisms and processes, in order to implement values ​​that are directly applied through the local curriculum based on the wisdom of the Osing Community at the Elementary School level in Banyuwangi Regency. The Osing tribe has high socio-cultural values. In the increasingly modern era, of course, the flow of digitalization is increasingly dominant, the impact of this infiltration of transnational culture has the potential to erode local identity. Through data collected from participant observation techniques, as well as analysis of several local content curriculum modules. It can be revealed that the process of internalizing multicultural values ​​is carried out through three interconnected stages, including: first, the transformation of values ​​in the form of cognitive recognition of symbols and cultural philosophy, second, the formation of values ​​through interactive dialogue and dialectics between teachers and students, third, the habitualization of students' daily behavior applying local wisdom values ​​such as collectivity and tolerance. This shows that Osing local wisdom not only functions as an effort to preserve local wisdom, but also grounds the values ​​of Pancasila. The application of Osing local wisdom to the elementary school curriculum can enhance students' cultural intelligence, minimize bullying, and foster a sense of pride in their regional identity. This study concludes that internalizing locally based multicultural values ​​is effective in maintaining national integration and social cohesion from an early age.
Copyright (c) 2026 Anta Kuna Lutfi Sholiha
Dinamika penegakan hak asasi manusia di Indonesia
The enforcement of human rights (HAM) in Indonesia is an issue that continues to experience dynamics along with the development of democracy, politics, law, and social change in the modern era. The 1998 Reformation marked the starting point for a major transformation in the state system through the strengthening of the constitution, the establishment of various human rights institutions, and the ratification of international human rights instruments. However, in practice, the enforcement of human rights still faces various complex structural and cultural challenges. This study aims to analyze the dynamics of human rights enforcement in Indonesia, identify the main challenges faced, and examine the prospects for human rights enforcement in the modern era. The method used is a qualitative approach with a literature study through analysis of laws and regulations, scientific journals, human rights institution reports, and various academic sources and other relevant data. The results of the study indicate that although Indonesia has made progress in the regulatory and institutional aspects of human rights, the implementation of enforcement is still not optimal. The main challenges include the weak resolution of past gross human rights violations, a culture of impunity, violence by the authorities, restrictions on civil liberties, threats against human rights defenders and journalists, and conflicts between economic interests and the protection of community rights, especially indigenous peoples and vulnerable groups. This study concludes that the enforcement of human rights in Indonesia is in a state of tension between the interests of democracy, political power, state security, and the demands of community justice. Therefore, a strong political commitment, continuous institutional reform, and active community participation are needed to realize the enforcement of human rights that is fair, democratic, and oriented towards the protection of human dignity in the modern era.
This study aims to explore the role of local wisdom in strengthening national identity through a case study of the Sendang Made site in Jombang Regency. As a multicultural nation, Indonesia faces significant challenges in maintaining its identity amidst globalization and digital transformation. Using a qualitative-descriptive approach and literature study, this research analyzes the historical relationship between Sendang Made and King Airlangga's exile, as well as the philosophical meaning of annual rituals including Nguras Sendang, Sedekahbumi, and Wisuda Sinden. The results show that the sacredness of Sendang Made is not merely a myth but has a historical foundation recorded in the collective memory of the community and supported by the Pucangan Inscription. The enduring traditions at this site serve as evidence of the resilience of mutual cooperation (gotong-royong) and spirituality, which form the foundation of national identity. This study concludes that strengthening cultural literacy based on local wisdom is a crucial strategy to protect the national character from external influences that may erode patriotism.
Copyright (c) 2026 Dian Rosita Hadiningsih
In the age of technological convergence and global governance, digital inclusion has become a basic requirement for creating a substantial and fair democracy. Differences in access to digital infrastructure—including internet connections, technological capabilities, and device ownership—not only reflect existing economic inequalities, but also systematically reproduce political and social exclusion. This study analyzes the causal relationship between digital inclusion and strengthening democracy in the context of global social justice, by identifying structural mechanisms that support or hinder citizens' equal participation in digital public spaces. Using a multidisciplinary approach that combines deliberative democracy theory, digital political economy, and global development studies, this research analyzes how the digital divide maintains existing power hierarchies and also creates new forms of marginalization—especially for women, indigenous peoples, people with disabilities, and communities in developing countries. Conversely, this research also investigates the transformative potential of digital technology in expanding the space for political participation, increasing government accountability, and mobilizing social movements between countries. The results of this research show that authentic democratic transformation requires more than simply increasing access to technology; This requires changes to digital policies that focus on rights (rights-based approach), strengthening the capacity of local communities, as well as regulations that limit the domination of digital platforms by a number of global actors. Digital inclusion, in this context, is not only a development tool, but also a fundamental aspect of the 21st century project of democratic emancipation.
Copyright (c) 2026 yasin rahadatul syiham
Generasi muda dan penguatan demokrasi di Indonesia
Artikel ini membahas posisi generasi muda dalam penguatan demokrasi Indonesia dengan menempatkan mereka sebagai aktor warga negara yang tidak hanya hadir pada saat pemilihan umum, tetapi juga aktif membentuk ruang publik digital dan sosial. Persoalan utama yang dikaji ialah bagaimana besarnya jumlah pemilih muda dan tingginya penggunaan media sosial dapat diarahkan menjadi partisipasi politik yang rasional, kritis, dan bertanggung jawab. Kajian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan tinjauan pustaka. Sumber yang digunakan meliputi artikel ilmiah, data resmi Komisi Pemilihan Umum, laporan Asosiasi Penyelenggara Jasa Internet Indonesia, informasi penanganan hoaks pemilu dari Kementerian Komunikasi dan Informatika, serta rujukan mengenai Pancasila dan pendidikan kewarganegaraan. Hasil pembahasan menunjukkan bahwa generasi muda memiliki peran strategis sebagai pemilih rasional, penggerak isu publik, pelaku organisasi, sekaligus penjaga etika komunikasi digital. Akan tetapi, peran tersebut masih menghadapi tantangan berupa rendahnya literasi politik, politik uang, disinformasi, polarisasi, dan partisipasi yang bersifat simbolik. Oleh karena itu, penguatan demokrasi perlu dilakukan melalui pendidikan politik kontekstual, literasi digital kritis, kaderisasi organisasi yang sehat, serta pengamalan nilai Pancasila sebagai dasar etika publik. Dengan dukungan lembaga pendidikan, pemerintah, masyarakat sipil, dan komunitas pemuda, generasi muda dapat menjadi warga negara yang aktif, kritis, etis, dan berorientasi pada kepentingan bersama.
Copyright (c) 2026 Alifia Yusnita Salsabilah
Peran HAM dalam mewujudkan masyarakat yang adil dan sejahtera
This research examines how human rights contribute to the establishment of a fair and thriving society. Human rights are essential entitlements inherent to every individual from birth that should be acknowledged, safeguarded, and promoted within both social and governmental contexts. The goal of this research is to explore the significance of human rights in fostering social equity, enhancing public well-being, and sustaining a balanced and democratic community. A qualitative descriptive approach is utilized for this study, incorporating literature reviews from diverse resources such as books, journals, legal documents, and scholarly articles pertinent to human rights. Findings from the research reveal that human rights are crucial in fostering equal rights, ensuring legal safeguards, promoting freedom of speech, and providing equal chances for all individuals without bias. The promotion of human rights also has a positive impact on the advancement of public welfare through the realization of economic, social, cultural, educational, health, and environmental rights. Upholding human rights can bolster democratic principles, establish social and political stability, and enhance mutual respect among community members. Consequently, the recognition and implementation of human rights need to be continually enhanced to foster a just, secure, peaceful, and prosperous society in line with the aspirations of the Indonesian people.
Copyright (c) 2026 ahmad dimas arviansyah
Indonesia is a country with a high level of diversity in religion, ethnicity, culture, and language, making tolerance and pluralism essential foundations for maintaining national unity. The problems faced by Indonesian society include increasing intolerance, radicalism, social polarization, discrimination against minority groups, and the spread of hate speech through digital media. This study aims to analyze tolerance and pluralism in Indonesia, the factors influencing them, the challenges encountered, and the efforts to strengthen them in social life. The research uses a qualitative approach with a literature study method through the analysis of scientific journals, academic articles, and documents related to tolerance and religious moderation. The findings show that tolerance can create social harmony, strengthen social solidarity, and preserve national unity. Multicultural education, social interaction, the culture of mutual cooperation, and religious moderation support the creation of harmonious social life. The development of social media and low digital literacy remain challenges in maintaining pluralism in Indonesia. This study proposes strengthening religious moderation, tolerance education from an early age, improving digital literacy, interfaith dialogue, and law enforcement against acts of intolerance as solutions to build a peaceful, inclusive, and harmonious society.
Copyright (c) 2026 NINIS FEBRIYANTI ARIFIN
Democracy is a system of government that provides opportunities for citizens to participate in determining state policies. Indonesia implements Pancasila democracy which is based on the values of deliberation, mutual cooperation, and respect for diversity. This study aims to analyze the development of democracy in Indonesia, the challenges it faces, and the efforts to strengthen democracy in the era of reform and digitalization. The research method used is qualitative research with a library research approach through the review of scientific journals, books, academic articles, and other scholarly sources. The results show that the development of democracy in Indonesia has evolved from the parliamentary democracy period, guided democracy, the New Order era, to the reform era which provides greater freedom for political participation and civil liberties. However, Indonesian democracy still faces various challenges such as money politics, political corruption, identity politics, social polarization, and low levels of political education among society. Therefore, strengthening political education, law enforcement, the independence of democratic institutions, digital literacy, and the values of Pancasila is essential to create a healthy, fair, and integrity-based democracy.
Copyright (c) 2026 JAYA KUSUMA ROMADHONI_
This study analyzes the relationship between education and Human Rights (HR) within the Indonesian legal system. The primary issue in fulfilling the right to education is the presence of significant disparities on the ground, such as quality gaps, economic and geographical factors, as well as discrimination against children with disabilities, indigenous groups, and children in remote or 3T (frontier, outermost, and remote) areas. Normatively, this right is firmly guaranteed under Article 31 of the 1945 Constitution and the National Education System Law. As a solution, this article proposes an integrative approach through human rights education implemented within curricula like the Merdeka Curriculum, alongside strengthening the role of teachers as human rights agents to foster a young generation that is adaptive, critical, and appreciative of diversity. The research concludes that the realization of a just right to education does not rely solely on formal regulations. This right can only be optimally achieved if supported by the implementation of human rights education that is experience-based, dialogic, and critical, as well as sustained by consistent government policies.
Copyright (c) 2026 Febby Indah Rahmawati
A crisis of integrity among the younger generation is beginning to emerge in educational settings, as evidenced by cheating and a lack of transparency in administrative activities. These phenomena indicate a decline in the values of honesty and responsibility, thereby fostering a culture of corruption from an early age. This study aims to examine the urgency of anti-corruption education in shaping the character of the younger generation with integrity. The method used is a literature review, examining various scientific sources related to anti-corruption education and the integrity crisis among the younger generation. The results of the study indicate that anti-corruption education plays a crucial role in instilling moral values. However, the implementation of this education still faces challenges in the form of a pragmatic culture, a lack of role models, and the influence of digital technology Therefore, anti-corruption education requires strengthening through collaboration among schools, families, and the community to foster a generation of youth with strong character and integrity.
Copyright (c) 2026 Shabrina Arinza Salsabila
Strategi pendidikan anti korupsi dalam menciptakan generasi bersih
Corruption is a serious problem that hinders development and undermines the social order. Therefore, systematic efforts are needed to foster intregity values from an early age through education. This study aims to analyze anticorruption education strategies to create a clean generation. The method used is a literature review by examining sources related to character education and anticorruption. The results of the study indicate that effective strategies include integrating anticorruption values into the curriculum, role modeling based learning, strengthening an honest and transparent school culture, and the active role of families and communities. Anticorruption education encompasses not only cognitive aspects but also affective and psychomotor aspects through the cultivation of honest, disciplined, and responsible behavior. By implementing this comprehensive strategy, it is hoped that a generation can be formed that is aware of the dangers of corruption and capable of becoming agents of change in realizing a clean and integrity based society.
Implementasi prinsip non-diskriminasi dalam perlindungan hak asasi manusia di Indonesia
The implementation of the principle of non-discrimination in the protection of human rights in Indonesia is a crucial component in achieving social justice and equal rights for all citizens. This study aims to analyze the implementation of the principle of non-discrimination in the protection of human rights in Indonesia, the various challenges faced, and the prospects for legal reform in strengthening human rights protection. The method used in this study is a qualitative research method with a literature review approach through various journals, scientific articles, and academic sources related to human rights. The research findings indicate that Indonesia has a sufficiently strong legal foundation for human rights protection; however, its implementation still faces various social, cultural, political, and legal obstacles. Discrimination against minority and vulnerable groups still frequently occurs due to low public awareness, weak law enforcement, and suboptimal state protection of human rights. Legal reform is necessary through the strengthening of regulations, the enhancement of law enforcement professionalism, the strengthening of human rights institutions, as well as public education and awareness regarding the importance of tolerance and respect for human rights. With effective legal reform, the implementation of the principle of non-discrimination in Indonesia is expected to function more effectively and be able to foster a society that is just, tolerant, and socially equitable.
Tantangan mempertahankan identitas nasional di tengah arus modernisasi
The rapid development of modern life has created many changes in Indonesian society. Advances in technology, digital communication, and the easy spread of foreign culture have influenced the way people interact, think, and understand national values. These changes provide various benefits in daily activities, yet they also create challenges for maintaining national identity. This paper aims to examine several problems faced by society in preserving Indonesian national identity during the growth of modernization and to describe efforts that can help strengthen national awareness in today’s global era. The study applies a qualitative method through a literature review by collecting information from academic journals, books, scientific articles, and other relevant references related to national identity and social change in Indonesia. The discussion shows that modernization affects public attitudes toward local culture, the use of the Indonesian language, and the understanding of nationalism among younger generations. The influence of digital media and global culture makes foreign lifestyles easier to follow, causing some people to pay less attention to their own cultural heritage. Even so, modernization does not always lead to negative effects. Technology and digital platforms can also become useful tools to introduce Indonesian culture, strengthen character education, and increase love for the nation. Therefore, cooperation between society, educational institutions, and the government is needed so that national identity can remain strong despite continuous social and technological changes.
Toleransi dan pluralisme dalam kehidupan masyarakat kampung bugis tuban, kabupaten badung, bali
This study examines the implementation of tolerance and pluralism in the life of the Bugis Village community in Tuban, Badung Regency, Bali. Kampung Bugis Tuban is a Muslim community of Bugis descent that has lived harmoniously alongside the Balinese Hindu community since the 17th century. This study aims to analyze the forms of social tolerance, daily practices of pluralism, supporting factors, and challenges in maintaining interreligious harmony within a multicultural society. The method used is a descriptive qualitative approach by utilizing data from various literature sources and previous studies. The findings indicate that tolerance in Kampung Bugis Tuban is reflected through respect for religious traditions, participation in customary security activities, the tradition of ngejot, cooperation, and harmonious interfaith social interactions. Key factors supporting tolerance include the local cultural values of Tri Hita Karana, the historical relationship between the Bugis community and the Kingdom of Badung, as well as the contributions of the government, traditional leaders, and religious figures. However, globalization, the advancement of digital media, and the declining understanding of pluralism among younger generations pose challenges to maintaining social harmony. Therefore, strengthening multicultural education, interfaith dialogue, and the preservation of local cultural values are necessary to sustain tolerance and pluralism. Kampung Bugis Tuban can serve as a model of harmonious interreligious coexistence for Indonesia’s diverse society.
Copyright (c) 2026 Achmad Khafid Irzam Fabiansyah
Analisis in silico senyawa bioaktif kesambi (Schleichera oleosa) sebagai kandidat anti-gastritis
Gastritis is an inflammatory disorder of the gastric mucosa with an increasing prevalence worldwide. The primary treatment for gastritis commonly involves Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs); however, their long-term use may cause various adverse effects, highlighting the need for safer therapeutic alternatives. This study aimed to evaluate the potential of bioactive compounds from kesambi (Schleichera oleosa) as candidates for H⁺/K⁺-ATPase proton pump inhibition through an in silico approach. Active compounds were identified using Liquid Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS), followed by bioactivity prediction using PASS Online. Drug-likeness and pharmacokinetic properties were assessed using SwissADME, while molecular docking analyses were performed using PyRx and BIOVIA Discovery Studio to investigate ligand–protein interactions. The evaluated parameters included binding affinity, Root Mean Square Deviation (RMSD), ADMET profiles, and ligand–protein interaction patterns. The analysis is expected to identify bioactive compounds from S. oleosa with strong binding affinity, favorable pharmacokinetic characteristics, and potential inhibitory activity against H⁺/K⁺-ATPase. These findings may provide a scientific basis for the development of S. oleosa-derived bioactive compounds as natural anti-gastritis agents that act through the inhibition of gastric proton pumps.
Peran Manajemen Kepemimpinan dalam Meningkatkan Efektivitas Organisasi
Leadership management has a very important role in improving organizational effectiveness through good team management. Leadership is not only related to position, but also to a person's ability to influence, direct, and build cooperation among organizational members in order to achieve common goals. This paper aims to determine the role of leadership management in improving organizational effectiveness through team management strategies. The method used is a literature study by collecting various sources from books and journals related to leadership management and organizations. The results of the discussion show that effective leadership management can create good communication, improve teamwork, and support the implementation of management functions such as planning, organizing, implementing, and supervising. In addition, solid teamwork can increase the creativity, productivity, and quality of work of organizational members. Therefore, the implementation of good leadership management can help organizations achieve their goals optimally and face various challenges in the future.
Identitas nasional sebagai fondasi karakter bangsa
The era of disruption is marked by the acceleration of unexpected technological, social, and cultural changes, placing significant pressure on the sustainability of Indonesia’s national identity. Pancasila, as both the state ideology and the nation’s philosophy of life, holds great potential as a foundation for building resilient character amid the onslaught of these changes. However, this potential is often not fully realized due to a gap between the normative level and daily life practices. This study employs a qualitative approach based on a literature review, analyzing various relevant academic literature, policy documents, and empirical data. The findings indicate that national identity can only function effectively as the foundation of national character if its implementation is contextual, adaptive, and involves cross-sectoral collaboration among the government, educational institutions, families, and civil society. Furthermore, it was found that an approach rooted in local wisdom, integrated with the values of Pancasila, can serve as a bridge between tradition and modernity, thereby ensuring that national. identity is no longer viewed as a historical burden but rather as an adaptive strength relevant to the current generation.
Konsep inovasi pendidikan dalam membentuk masyarakat madani di era disrupsi dan society 5.0
Technological developments in the era of disruption and Society 5.0 have created various challenges for the education sector, including low digital, literacy, reduced social interaction, declining, moral values, and the increasing demand for 21st-century skills. These conditions require educational innovations that can adapt learning processes to technological advancements without neglecting human values. This study aims to examine the concept of educational innovation in shaping a civil society in the era of disruption and Society 5.0. The research employed a qualitative method with a library research approach through the analysis of relevant journals, books, and other scientific sources. The findings indicate that educational innovation plays an important role in instilling values of tolerance, democracy, responbility, and social awareness, while also enhancing students critical thinking, creativity, collaboration, communication, and digital literacy skills. Therefore, educational innovation serves a crucial strat capable of addressing the challenges of the disruption era and Society 5.0.
Copyright (c) 2026 Nailil Izzah Romadhoni
Public trust is an important element in a democratic system because it influences the relationship between the government and society. In recent years, public criticism toward government policies has become more visible, especially through digital platforms and social media. This situation creates new challenges for the government in maintaining public trust while still respecting freedom of expression. This study aims to examine the challenges faced by the government in responding to public criticism in a democratic manner and to identify efforts that can help rebuild public confidence. The study uses a qualitative approach through library research by collecting information from scientific journals, reports, news articles, and other relevant references. The findings show that limited transparency, ineffective public communication, and slow government responses often lead to public disappointment. At the same time, the rapid growth of digital media allows criticism to spread quickly and shape public opinion on a large scale. The study also finds that openness to criticism, transparent policies, and more interactive communication can strengthen the relationship between the government and the public. Therefore, the government needs to develop a more democratic communication approach so that public criticism can be used as constructive input rather than being viewed as a political threat. In this way, public trust can grow through responsive attitudes, honest communication, and greater community involvement in policy-making processes.
Copyright (c) 2026 mohammad raihan akbar
Corruption is a serious problem that undermines the nation's hopes for social justice and prosperity. Efforts to eradicate corruption are often limited to government institutions, while small-scale corrupt behavior can thrive and be accepted within student organizations. The purpose of this study was to analyze various types of corrupt behavior within student organizations and to formulate strategies for teaching anti-corruption values ​​as a preventative measure. The approach used was a qualitative descriptive analysis based on literature review and direct observation within the university environment. The findings indicate that corrupt acts within student organizations fall into three main categories: falsification of Accountability Reports (LPJ), academic corruption behind the scenes (such as taking attendance and misusing permits), and misuse of time and violations of work ethics. As a solution, the implementation of the five core anti-corruption values honesty, caring, responsibility, simplicity, and fairness needs to be integrated into creative educational methods and involve active participation on campus. In conclusion, education that prioritizes anti-corruption in universities can be an effective long-term prevention strategy to end the culture of corruption and shape a future generation of leaders with integrity.
This study examines the phenomenon of corruption at the village level in Indonesia which cannot be reduced merely to administrative failure, but rather constitutes a social product born from the strong grip of paternalistic culture and patron-client relationships embedded in rural community structures. Sociological analysis of various empirical studies demonstrates that the culture of ewuh pakewuh, which instills reluctance to questioning authoritative figures, has effectively paralyzed internal check and balances functions. The blurring of boundaries between private and public spheres alongside the dominance of patron-client relationships has created a social ecosystem where criticism of village heads is perceived as disloyalty. The formal state supervision system experiences paralysis because it fails to read and penetrate the dynamics of informal power that have crystallized over decades. This study concludes that combating corruption at the village level requires reconstructing community-based supervision systems and strengthening integrity education capable of negotiating the tension between cultural loyalty and adherence to formal legal rationality.
indonesia Penerapan Media Digital Wayground untuk Meningkatkan Keaktifan Siswa
This research was motivated by the low level of student participation in Arabic language learning on the theme Amali fil Mustaqbal among third-level students at Sekolah Menengah Agama Taufikiah Khairiah Al-Halimiah Kedah, Malaysia. Some students tended to be passive during the learning process, making it difficult for the teacher to identify students’ understanding of the material that had been explained. Therefore, this study aimed to improve students’ activeness through the implementation of the digital media Wayground in Arabic language learning. This study used a Classroom Action Research (CAR) method with a qualitative descriptive approach employing the Kemmis and McTaggart model, which consists of planning, action, observation, and reflection stages. The subjects of this study were 23 third-level students, and the research was conducted over six meetings within one month. Data collection techniques included observation, learning evaluation using Wayground digital media, and documentation. The results showed that the implementation of Wayground digital media was able to improve students’ activeness in Arabic language learning. Students became more enthusiastic, actively participated in discussions, and were more focused during the learning process. In addition, the use of Wayground also helped teachers identify students’ understanding of the Amali fil Mustaqbal material through interactive quizzes. Therefore, Wayground digital media can be an effective alternative learning medium to improve student activeness in Arabic language learning.
Modern societal shifts toward materialism often trigger severe moral crises and spiritual emptiness, reducing religious practices to mere formalistic rituals. This study aims to deeply examine the interconnectedness of sharia, morality, theosophy, essence, and mahabbah as a holistic solution to this contemporary issue. Employing a qualitative approach through literature research, data were gathered from relevant classic and contemporary scholarly sources and analyzed descriptively. The findings demonstrate that sharia functions as an outward behavioral guideline, while theosophy deepens the internal spiritual relationship between humans and God. The harmony of these aspects shapes genuine morality, uncovers the true spiritual essence of worship, and culminates in mahabbah—the ultimate love for Allah. This study concludes that a balanced integration of both outward and inward dimensions is essential to fostering a well-rounded, moderate Muslim personality capable of navigating modern life meaningfully.
Copyright (c) 2026 inayati mahfudhah#, Fasha Karen Novandra, Dhimas Ahmad Al Farez
Implementasi nilai-nilai anti korupsi dalam membangun integritas generasi muda di indonesia
Corruption continues to be one of the major challenges encountered by Indonesia because it has the potential to obstruct national development, generate financial losses for the state, and diminish public confidence in governmental and public institutions. In this context, the younger generation holds an essential role as agents of change in fostering a culture that upholds honesty, responsibility, discipline, and integrity. This study aims to examine the implementation of anti-corruption values in strengthening the integrity of the younger generation in Indonesia. The research method employed is a literature review through the analysis of journals, books, scientific articles, and several sources obtained from the UIN Malang repository related to character education and anti-corruption education. The findings indicate that the application of anti-corruption values can be carried out within family, school, university, community, and digital media environments. Furthermore, the success of anti-corruption education among young people is strongly influenced by the roles of educators, parents, and society. The consistent implementation of anti-corruption education is capable of developing young individuals who are honest, disciplined, responsible, and possess strong moral awareness in social, national, and civic life. Therefore, strengthening anti-corruption values is expected to produce a generation with strong integrity and a firm commitment to preventing corruption in Indonesia.
Copyright (c) 2026 mohammad satrio aldiyansyah
Tantangan demokrasi di Indonesia di era digital
The advancement of information and communication technology has fundamentally transformed the political landscape of Indonesia, including how democracy is practiced and perceived by citizens. This study examines three main dimensions: the development of Indonesian democracy in the digital era, identification of challenges posed by digital technology and social media, and the roles of civil society, the government, and the media in safeguarding democratic quality. Using a qualitative approach with a library research method, this study reviews academic literature, regulations, and relevant empirical documentation. The findings indicate that the digital space opens broader participation opportunities while simultaneously presenting threats including disinformation, opinion polarization, political manipulation, and a decline in deliberative culture. Collective synergy among all elements of society is essential to ensure digital technology serves as an instrument for strengthening Pancasila democracy rather than undermining it.
Toleransi, pluralisme, dan multikulturalisme di indonesia
Indonesia is a multicultural country with very high diversity in ethnicity, religion, culture, and language. This condition makes the values of tolerance, pluralism, and multiculturalism important foundations in maintaining social harmony within a diverse society. However, the development of the digital era and social media has brought significant changes to patterns of social interaction in society. These changes not only have positive impacts but also present various new challenges in social life. This study aims to analyze the challenges and implementation of the values of tolerance, pluralism, and multiculturalism in Indonesia in the digital era. The method used is a literature study with a descriptive qualitative approach through the review of relevant scientific literature. The findings show that the digital era is characterized by the increasing spread of misinformation, hate speech, intolerance, and social polarization that can disrupt social harmony in society. Strengthening digital literacy, multicultural education, and religious moderation are important steps in maintaining social cohesion in Indonesia. These efforts are necessary to ensure that the value of tolerance is preserved and able to adapt to the increasingly complex development of society in the digital era.
Copyright (c) 2026 Keysha Amalia Dinanti
Perlindungan hukum terhadap perempuan korban kekerasan berbasis gender
Gender-based violence against women remains a serious issue in Indonesia and manifests in various forms, including domestic violence, sexual violence, and electronic-based sexual violence (EBSV). The increasing number of violence cases against women indicates that existing legal protection mechanisms have not fully provided security and justice for victims. This study aims to analyze the forms of gender-based violence against women and examine the effectiveness of legal protection provided through various regulations in Indonesia. This research employs a normative legal research method using statutory and conceptual approaches. Data were collected through a literature review of laws and regulations, books, scholarly journals, and relevant documents. The findings reveal that Indonesia has established relatively comprehensive legal instruments through Law Number 23 of 2004 concerning the Elimination of Domestic Violence, Law Number 12 of 2022 concerning Sexual Violence Crimes, and various regulations governing electronic-based sexual violence. However, the implementation of legal protection still faces several challenges, including low public legal awareness, patriarchal culture, limited access to victim assistance services, and suboptimal law enforcement. Therefore, strengthening legal regulations, improving the capacity of law enforcement officers, and developing a victim-oriented protection system are essential to ensure the fulfillment of victims’ rights and recovery.
Copyright (c) 2026 sayyidah belqis octaria
In today’s era of globalization and digitalization, most students view joining campus organizations or academic programs as a waste of time that won’t yield clear personal benefits. And because of the heavy workload and time demands of these organizations, students are reluctant to join them. However, in the modern era and the reality of today’s job market, students are not only expected to excel academically but must also master essential soft skills such as self-confidence and public speaking ability, with the aim of enhancing their readiness for the workforce. Therefore, this study was conducted to explore how active involvement in student organizations contributes to the development of students’ character and public speaking skills. It employed a descriptive qualitative method with a phenomenological approach. The results indicate that organizations function as effective “social laboratories.” Participation in meetings, committee work, presenting ideas in forums, and advocacy efforts were found to significantly reduce anxiety about public speaking. Furthermore, the challenges and goals set by the organization help enhance students’ self-efficacy in decision-making and future interactions within the community.
Copyright (c) 2026 Zahra Herdinata Sasmita
Democracy is a system of government that places the people as the holders of supreme sovereignty. In the digital era, political participation has undergone significant transformations influenced by developments in information technology and social media. This study aims to analyze the dynamics of democracy and political participation in the digital era, encompassing the opportunities offered by technology as well as the challenges faced, particularly the spread of hoaxes, disinformation, and polarization. The study used qualitative methods with a systematic literature review approach to various academic sources related to digital democracy and citizen engagement. The results show that social media opens up broader spaces for participation, but also creates the risk of eroding public trust in democratic institutions. Strengthening digital literacy based on Pancasila values ​​and comprehensive regulations are needed to ensure a healthy democracy in the digital era. This research is expected to contribute to policy development and the study of public management science in Indonesia.
Copyright (c) 2026 Indra Wahyu Agung saputra
Pengaruh kemajuan teknologi terhadap perlindungan hak asasi manusia
Rapid technological progress has changed many aspects of human life in a short period of time. Digital technology, including the internet and social media, has made communication, information access, and daily activities easier for society. However, along with these advantages, technological development also creates new concerns related to the protection of human rights. This study aims to examine how technological advancement influences human rights protection in today's digital environment. The writing method uses a descriptive approach supported by literature review from sources discussing technology, law, and social life. The study findings indicate that technological growth gives both beneficial and challenging effects on human rights protection. On the positive side, technology helps people gain wider educational access, express opinions more freely, and obtain information quickly. Digital platforms also provide opportunities for individuals and communities to raise social awareness and support justice issues. On the other hand, the expansion of technology may lead to problems such as misuse of personal information, online bullying, false information distribution, excessive digital monitoring, and possible limitations on freedom of expression. These conditions show that technological use needs balanced legal protection, ethical responsibility, and stronger public awareness to maintain human rights within the digital sphere.
Copyright (c) 2026 Yunanrara Deka Wardana
Perlindungan HAM bagi masyarakat dalam menyuarakan keadilan melalui kebebasan berekspresi di Indonesia
Protection of human rights (HAM) related to freedom of expression is one of the main foundations of a democratic system, including in Indonesia. This freedom provides an opportunity for the public to express their views, provide criticism, and express expectations regarding public policies without fear of repressive action. However, in reality, freedom of expression often faces various obstacles, such as criminalization, restrictions through regulations, and social and political pressure. This study aims to explore how human rights protection is provided to the public in expressing justice through freedom of expression in Indonesia. The methodology used is a qualitative approach with a literature review of various regulations, journals, and relevant cases. The research findings indicate that normatively, Indonesia already has a fairly solid legal basis to ensure freedom of expression, reflected in the 1945 Constitution and regulations related to human rights. However, empirically, its implementation is still far from optimal. Therefore, strengthening regulations, fair law enforcement, and increasing public awareness are needed to create space for healthy and responsible freedom of expression. In addition, it is also important to strengthen the role of state institutions and independent institutions in guaranteeing the protection of freedom of expression. Law enforcement officials are expected to act professionally, proportionally, and non-discriminatory in handling cases related to the expression of opinion.
Analisis literasi keuangan digital mahasiswa
This study explores the level of digital financial literacy among Islamic banking students at Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang, focusing on their use of Mobile Banking services provided by Bank Syariah Indonesia. The rapid digitalization of finance requires students not only to access technology but also to comprehend service features, transaction mechanisms, and technical risks inherent in Islamic digital banking systems. A descriptive qualitative approach was employed, with data collected through direct observation and literature review from institutional repositories. The findings indicate that although students have relatively high access to digital technology, their conceptual and practical understanding of Islamic contracts (akad) in digital form remains limited. This reveals a gap between technological availability and users’ readiness to internalize Islamic principles within digital practices. The study recommends the integration of a practice-oriented digital banking curriculum into academic programs. Such an initiative is expected to strengthen students’ digital financial literacy while promoting broader Islamic financial inclusion within academic environments. Consequently, students may act not only as users of Islamic banking technology but also as literacy agents who disseminate digital financial knowledge grounded in Islamic values to the wider community.
Copyright (c) 2026 Indah putri rahmawati
Eksistensi demokrasi Indonesia di tengah perubahan sosial dan digital
Democracy in Indonesia continues to develop along with social changes and the rapid advancement of digital technology. The digital era has brought significant influences to society, especially in politics, communication, and public participation. Social media and the internet provide broader opportunities for people to express opinions, access information, and monitor government policies. This condition indicates that digital technology can strengthen democratic practices through information transparency and increased public participation, particularly among young generations. However, digital development also creates various challenges for the sustainability of democracy in Indonesia. The spread of hoaxes, hate speech, identity politics, and low levels of digital literacy have become threats that may trigger social division and reduce the quality of democracy. This study aims to analyze the existence of Indonesian democracy amid social and digital transformation and to understand the challenges and efforts needed to maintain democratic stability. The method used in this study is a qualitative descriptive approach by examining various social and digital phenomena occurring in society. The results show that Indonesian democracy still has a strong existence if society is able to use technology wisely, improve digital literacy, and uphold the values of Pancasila in national and state life.
Kedudukan Mahkamah Konstitusi dalam sistem ketatanegaraan Indonesia pasca amandemen UUD 1945
The Constitutional Court (MK) was established through Article 24C of the 1945 Constitution, representing one of the most consequential structural changes produced by the 1999-2002 constitutional amendments. The institution was consolidated through Law No. 24 of 2003 as an independent judicial body, equal in standing to the Supreme Court, with a specific mandate as guardian and interpreter of the constitution. This article examines the constitutional position of the Constitutional Court in Indonesia's post-amendment state administration system, covering its foundational basis, detailed jurisdiction, and practical obstacles still encountered. The research employs a normative method using primary legal materials comprising relevant legislation and Constitutional Court decisions. Findings indicate that over more than two decades of existence, the Court has played a concrete role primarily through judicial review; however, three structural problems remain unresolved: the absence of an adequate mechanism for enforcing decisions, an ongoing debate over the boundaries of interpretive authority, and institutional integrity challenges that cannot be addressed solely through procedural reform.
Copyright (c) 2026 Mokhammad Aqil Al Imdad
The rapid growth of social media has fundamentally transformed the democratic landscape in many countries, including Indonesia. While digital platforms provide new spaces for citizens to participate in political discourse, monitor governance, and express their aspirations more broadly and rapidly, their viral nature also creates opportunities for misinformation, disinformation, opinion polarization, and political manipulation. This article critically examines the challenges facing democratic systems due to the massive use of social media, focusing on the mechanisms of public opinion formation, the phenomena of filter bubbles and echo chambers, and the erosion of public trust in democratic institutions. Using a descriptive-analytical literature review method, the study finds that social media is a double-edged sword: it strengthens participation while also becoming fertile ground for threats to democratic integrity. Strengthening digital literacy, balanced platform regulation, and multi-stakeholder collaboration are essential to safeguard democracy in the digital age.
Copyright (c) 2026 Alfan Rizqana Arga Prakarsa
Analisis efisiensi dan dinamika implementasi model pembelajaran flipped classroom dalam mengakselerasi kemampuan berpikir kritis dan kemandirian belajar siswa
Students' low critical thinking skills and limited face-to-face classroom duration represent chronic challenges in meeting the demands of 21st-century education. This study aims to analyze the conceptual efficiency, fundamental structural elements, and implementation dynamics of the flipped classroom model as an instructional solution to accelerate students' critical thinking and self-regulated learning. The method employed in this study is library research by comparing, reducing, and synthesizing theoretical literature and empirical research findings related to the flipped classroom and direct learning models. The analysis results indicate that flipped learning effectively transforms the classroom from a passive center of material transfer into a space for deep cognitive stimulation through the inversion of the learning cycle. The integration of digital media during the pre-class phase grants autonomy to students to independently regulate their learning pace at home. Consequently, during face-to-face sessions, time allocation becomes significantly more efficient for personalized clinical guidance and authentic problem-solving compared to the direct learning model, which is prone to time deficits. However, the structural effectiveness of this model faces challenges such as low student time management, gaps in teachers' technological competence, and disparities in internet stability. This study concludes that flipped learning is not merely about shifting reading activities to the home environment, but rather a reconstruction of an adaptive ecosystem that requires preventive mitigation strategies, specifically in the form of structured self-regulated learning guidelines from the inception of the program.
Copyright (c) 2026 Muhammad Fahmi Lutfiyan Putra
Analisis geopolitik dan geostrategi Indonesia dalam menghadapi persaingan ekonomi
The development of global economic competition has significantly affected the economic conditions and national resilience of many countries, including Indonesia. As a country with a strategic geographical position, Indonesia needs to implement appropriate geopolitical and geostrategic policies in order to face various global challenges. This study aims to determine the role of Indonesian geopolitics and geostrategy in dealing with global economic competition in the modern era. The research method used in this study is library research by utilizing books, national journals, and scientific articles related to the topic. The results indicate that Indonesia’s geographical position provides major opportunities in international trade and global economic cooperation. However, globalization also creates several challenges, such as increasing international market competition, dependence on foreign economies, and rapid technological development. Therefore, strengthening national strategies through improving human resources, strengthening the national economy, and utilizing technology and innovation is necessary. Through the proper implementation of geopolitics and geostrategy, Indonesia is expected to maintain national stability and improve its economic competitiveness amid globalization developments.
Copyright (c) 2026 Naysilla Ika Yuli Setyaning Tyas
Krisis kepercayaan masyarakat terhadap demokrasi Indonesia
Democracy is a system of government that places the people as the highest holders of sovereignty in state administration. However, in its development, Indonesian democracy faces significant challenges, particularly the declining level of public trust in democratic institutions and practices. This study aims to analyze the condition of the public trust crisis in Indonesian democracy, identify its contributing factors, and examine strategies to restore public confidence. The research employs a library research method by reviewing various academic journals, books, and other relevant literature related to democracy and public trust. The findings indicate that the crisis of trust is characterized by increasing political apathy, declining confidence in state institutions, and growing social and political polarization. The factors contributing to this condition include corruption, vote-buying practices, abuse of power, weak law enforcement, the spread of misinformation and disinformation, and socio-economic inequality. To address these challenges, efforts are needed to strengthen governmental transparency and accountability, reform political and legal institutions, combat corruption, improve political education and digital literacy, and expand public participation in democratic processes. Therefore, restoring public trust is a crucial step toward building a more inclusive, accountable, and high-quality democracy in Indonesia.
Copyright (c) 2026 Muhammad Ferdyansyah Saputra
Identitas nasional dalam pusaran globalisasi dan digitalisasi
This study aims to analyze the dynamics of Indonesian national identity amid the rapid development of globalization and digitalization in the modern era. Globalization has created unlimited cultural interaction, while digitalization has accelerated the spread of information, values, lifestyles, and communication patterns in society. These conditions provide positive impacts in the form of scientific and technological progress, but they also create serious challenges to the sustainability of national identity, especially among young generations who are closely connected to digital media. This research uses a library research method with a qualitative descriptive approach through the analysis of books, scientific journals, and academic articles related to national identity, globalization, and digital transformation. The findings indicate that Indonesian national identity is dynamic and continuously adapts to global developments. Pancasila, local culture, character education, and digital literacy play important roles in maintaining national identity. This study recommends strengthening nationalism-based character education and encouraging the positive use of digital media as strategic efforts to preserve Indonesian national identity in the modern era.
Membangun kehidupan masyarakat yang damai melalui toleransi, pluralisme, dan multikulturalisme di Indonesia
Indonesia boasts immense diversity, from ethnic groups to religions, cultures, and languages. To build a peaceful and harmonious society, this diversity must be preserved. However, due to a lack of mutual respect, acts of intolerance, hatred, and social conflict are still common in the era of modern social media and technological advancements. The purpose of this essay is to explore the importance of diversity, pluralism, and tolerance in Indonesian society. This paper was written using a library research approach, utilizing various journal sources relevant to the topic discussed. The findings from the discussion demonstrate the importance of tolerance, pluralism, and diversity. These three values ​​play a role in fostering harmonious relationships between individuals and groups with different backgrounds. Furthermore, multicultural education, strengthening religious moderation, and wise use of digital media are effective strategies for instilling mutual respect and preventing the development of intolerance. Therefore, collaboration between the government, educational institutions, religious leaders, and the community is needed to strengthen the values ​​of tolerance in everyday life. Thus, Indonesia's diversity can become a social force that supports the creation of a peaceful, inclusive, and just society.
Peran sistem audit dalam lembaga keuangan syariah di Indonesia
The audit system plays a strategic role in ensuring the integrity and compliance of Islamic financial institutions (LKS) with sharia principles. This study aims to analyze the functions, types, role of the Sharia Supervisory Board (DPS), challenges, and efforts to strengthen the Islamic audit system in Indonesia. The research method used is a descriptive qualitative approach through literature review from various recent sources. The findings show that the audit system is not only a financial control tool but also plays a vital role in ensuring LKS operations remain aligned with sharia values. Islamic audits involve various types including internal, external, and sharia compliance audits. The DPS plays a central role in audit implementation, although it still faces challenges such as limited human resources, lack of standardization, and weak technological integration. Therefore, strengthening the sharia audit system must be carried out through auditor training, regulatory enhancement, and collaboration between regulators and LKS. These efforts are essential to support the sustainable, accountable, and sound growth of Islamic finance in Indonesia.
Bahasa indonesia sebagai pemersatu bangsa
Indonesian plays an important role as a national identity and a unifying tool for the Indonesian people amidst the diversity of ethnicities, cultures, races, religions, and regional languages. The development of globalization and digitalization has significantly influenced the use and understanding of the Indonesian language in society. This study aims to analyze the role of Indonesian as a national identity in the digital era and the challenges faced in maintaining its existence. The method used in this study is a qualitative descriptive method with a literature study approach through various relevant journals and scientific sources. The results of the study indicate that Indonesian not only functions as a means of communication, but also as a symbol of national identity, a medium for uniting society, and a tool for preserving cultural values. However, the development of the digital era also presents several challenges, such as the spread of hoax information, the excessive use of informal language and abbreviations, the decline in reading interest, and the increasing influence of foreign languages in daily communication. Therefore, efforts to preserve the Indonesian language are needed through the habituation of proper and correct language use, improvement of digital literacy, and the cultivation of pride in using Indonesian in everyday life.
Copyright (c) 2026 rafani callysta khairani
Menelaah kondisi kesejahteraan masyarakat desa Arjosari melalui pendekatan observatif dalam kegiatan kuliah kerja mahasiswa
Community welfare serves as a fundamental indicator of successful rural development, reflecting the quality of social, economic, educational, and environmental conditions within a society. This study aims to examine the welfare conditions of the residents of Arjosari Village through an observational approach implemented as part of a Community Service Program (Kuliah Kerja Mahasiswa/KKM). Employing a qualitative research design, data were collected through direct field observations, community engagement, and systematic documentation of socio-economic and environmental conditions. The collected data were analyzed descriptively to provide a factual and contextual understanding of community welfare. The findings reveal that the welfare status of Arjosari Village residents varies considerably, as evidenced by disparities in access to educational services, healthcare facilities, household economic conditions, and the quality of the residential environment. These findings indicate that rural development efforts continue to face challenges in ensuring equitable access to and quality of essential public services. This study offers valuable baseline information that can serve as an evaluative resource and a policy reference for designing more inclusive, sustainable, and community-centered rural development programs aimed at enhancing public welfare.
Copyright (c) 2026 Muhammad Baihaqi Rahmat Wildani, Anis Azkiyah Zulfa, Kirana Ramadani, Shely Sindi Nirmala, Putri Ayu Pratiwi, Nahdhiyah Tazkiyatul Wafiroh, Dwi Andina Putri, Nur Humairoh, Muhammad Amiruddin
Pengaruh geopolitik terhadap stabilitas ekonomi dan politik indonesia
Geopolitics is the study of the relationship between geographical conditions and a country's political, economic, and security strength. This study aims to analyze the influence of geopolitics on Indonesia's economic and political stability and to examine Indonesia's strategic role as the Global Maritime Axis in international relations. The research method used is descriptive qualitative, with a literature review approach through data collection from various journals, books, and related scientific sources. The results show that Indonesia's strategic geographic position provides significant opportunities for international trade, maritime sector development, and strengthening global diplomacy. However, global geopolitical dynamics also pose various challenges, such as investment threats, economic and monetary volatility, and dependence on the global economy. Therefore, Indonesia needs to strengthen national resilience through international cooperation, strengthening the economic and maritime sectors, sustainable infrastructure development, and improving diplomacy and the quality of human resources to effectively face global geopolitical challenges.
Identitas nasional dan nasionalisme kritis
Globalisasi dan perkembangan teknologi digital membawa tantangan sekaligus peluang bagi pembentukan identitas nasional dan nasionalisme kritis Generasi Z. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis identitas nasional, nasionalisme kritis, serta kesadaran kolektif Generasi Z dalam menghadapi arus budaya global dan perubahan sosial di era digital. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif berbasis studi literatur, penelitian ini mengkaji pengaruh globalisasi, media sosial, budaya asing, pendidikan karakter, serta peran Pancasila dalam memperkuat jati diri bangsa. Hasil pembahasan menunjukkan bahwa identitas nasional Generasi Z mengalami transformasi dalam bentuk ekspresi, dari simbol-simbol tradisional menuju ruang digital yang lebih kreatif dan terbuka. Namun, transformasi tersebut juga menghadirkan ancaman berupa krisis identitas, melemahnya keterikatan terhadap budaya lokal, konsumerisme, dan menurunnya pemahaman terhadap nilai kebangsaan. Oleh karena itu, nasionalisme kritis diperlukan sebagai bentuk cinta tanah air yang tidak hanya bersifat simbolik, tetapi juga reflektif, rasional, dan peduli terhadap persoalan bangsa. Penelitian ini menegaskan bahwa penguatan identitas nasional Generasi Z perlu dilakukan melalui pendidikan karakter, pelestarian budaya lokal, pemanfaatan teknologi digital, penguatan nilai Pancasila, serta partisipasi aktif keluarga, komunitas, pemerintah, dan generasi muda. Dengan strategi tersebut, Generasi Z diharapkan mampu menjadi generasi yang terbuka terhadap perkembangan global, tetapi tetap memiliki kesadaran kolektif sebagai bagian dari bangsa Indonesia.
Ancaman terhadap hak privasi sebagai bagian dari hak asasi manusia di era digital
Human Rights (HAM) represent fundamental rights inherent in every individual from birth, which are universal in nature, inalienable, and must be guaranteed and protected by the state. One of the essential components of human rights is the right to privacy, which encompasses the protection of personal life, personal data, and freedom from unlawful interference. In the digital era, advances in information technology have provided numerous conveniences in human life; however, they have simultaneously given rise to serious threats to the protection of individual privacy. This study aims to examine the right to privacy as an integral part of human rights, including the forms of threats it faces, the factors that influence such threats, and the impacts resulting from privacy violations in the digital era. The method employed in this study is a normative juridical approach, conducted through the analysis of legislation, international legal instruments, and relevant academic literature. The findings indicate that threats to privacy are influenced by low public awareness regarding the protection of personal data, weak regulatory frameworks, and the increasing prevalence of cybercrime such as phishing and data misuse. Furthermore, the imbalance between technological advancement and the readiness of legal systems has further amplified the risk of privacy violations. The resulting impacts include economic losses, psychological disturbances, and a decline in public trust. Therefore, concerted efforts are required to enhance digital literacy, strengthen regulatory frameworks, and enforce effective legal measures in order to provide optimal protection of the right to privacy.Top of Form
Pentingnya sikap toleransi dalam kehidupan mahasiswa di lingkungan kampus
This study aims to analyze the importance of tolerance in student life within the campus environment as an effort to create a harmonious and inclusive academic atmosphere. Universities as multicultural interaction spaces bring together students from diverse backgrounds, requiring mutual respect and appreciation for differences. However, in practice, several challenges persist, such as group polarization, stereotypes, low digital literacy, and the suboptimal role of institutions in fostering a culture of tolerance. This research employs a qualitative approach using a literature review method to examine the concept, challenges, and strategies for strengthening tolerance among students. The findings indicate that tolerance is not merely a normative value but must be practically implemented through character education, inclusive social interactions, and institutional policies that support diversity. Therefore, strengthening tolerance is a shared responsibility of all campus stakeholders to create an academic environment that is peaceful, civilized, and grounded in humanitarian values.
Copyright (c) 2026 Irsaduddin tsakif fitroh
Indonesia is known as a pluralistic society in terms of ethnicity, language, customs, and religion. Therefore, pluralism and multiculturalism can create an understanding that every individual feels valued and has a responsibility to live together in their community. A reality that cannot be ignored is the existence of diversity that arises from ethnicity, culture, language, and religion that is often forced into an incompatible understanding, between minority and majority groups, as well as differences in economic and social strata that can give rise to differences of opinion as a problem that has the potential to become a conflict. Therefore, for pluralism and multiculturalism in Indonesia to run effectively, Indonesian society needs to develop the values of multiculturalism in ethnicity, religion, language, and culture. By implementing pluralism and multiculturalism, Indonesian society in the future will become a civilized society
The rivalry between the United States (US) and China in the Indo-Pacific region has intensified since 2020 until 2026. This competition encompasses economic, military, and political influence in Southeast Asia. As the world’s largest archipelagic country, Indonesia holds a highly strategic geographical position because it controls vital trade routes such as the Strait of Malacca and the Natuna Sea.This article discusses Indonesia’s geostrategy amid the US-China rivalry. Indonesia tends to adopt a hedging strategy, which means not fully aligning with one major power. Indonesia seeks to build cooperation with various countries while maintaining the principle of its foreign policy, “bebas aktif” (independent and active).The analysis from the era of President Joko Widodo to President Prabowo Subianto shows that Indonesia’s hedging strategy has been quite successful in protecting national interests, particularly in the economic and security sectors. This can be seen from its support for the ASEAN Outlook on the Indo-Pacific (AOIP) and the diversification of cooperation with the US, China, Japan, and other countries. Nevertheless, this strategy still faces challenges such as pressure from both major powers and tensions in the South China Sea.
Pembangunan IKN dalam perspektif aksiologi
The development of Indonesia's new capital, Nusantara (IKN), marks a major transformation in the country's geopolitical landscape and spatial planning. This study examines the IKN project through the lens of axiology, focusing on the ethical and value-based dimensions of knowledge production and application. Using a qualitative-descriptive approach, the article analyzes the extent to which moral considerations are taken into account in scientific decision-making, particularly regarding environmental impact, the relocation of Indigenous communities, and the use of technology. The findings indicate that a technocratic approach tends to dominate, potentially overlooking principles of social justice and ecological sustainability. Therefore, a systematic integration of axiological reflection into development policies is essential to ensure that IKN serves not only as a symbol of modernity but also as an embodiment of the ethical responsibility of science within the context of national development.
Emil Heradi's Kupu-Kupu Kertas presents a tragic story set against the historical events of Banyuwangi 1965, a time when the ideological conflict between Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) and the Indonesian Communist Party (PKI) divided society. The story centers on the love affair between Ihsan, a young man from an NU family, and Ning, a girl from a PKI sympathizer family, who must face a major dilemma in the midst of political tragedy and mass violence. Through their love journey, the film highlights the destructive impact of ideological conflict on personal relationships and community life, while reflecting on Indonesia's dark history from a humane perspective. With strong characterization, detailed socio-cultural representation, and emotional narrative, Kupu-Kupu Kertas is not only a romantic drama, but also a socio-political critique that reminds the importance of tolerance and humanity to prevent similar tragedies in the future.
Harmonisasi Pancasila, agama, dan negara dalam membangun identitas bangsa
Indonesia, as an archipelagic nation, embraces vast diversity in terms of ethicnity, culture, language, and religion. This diversity represents not only a source of strength but also a potential vulnerability when mis managed, as it may lead to identity conflics, discrimination, and intolerance. In this context, the harmonization of Pancasila, religion, and the state is essential to building a strong and sustainable national identity. Pancasila, as the state ideology, provides guidance for creating a just, civilized, and inclusive social order. Religion functions as a moral and spiritual foundation that directs society toward upholding human dignity and solidarity. Meanwhile, the state acts as a facilitator by guaranteeing freedom of religion, protecting citizens’ rights, and maintaining interfaith harmony. Globalization, modernization, and the rapid flow of information often challenge national unity, giving rise to extremism, materialism, and weakened social bonds. To address these challenges, this article proposes several solution: first, strengthening religious moderation that promotes tolerance and rejects violence; second, internalizing Pancasila values througt both formal and nonformal education, particulary targeting the younger generation as future nation builders; third, enhancing the state’s role as a facilitator of interreligious and intercultural dialogue to encourage constructive communication. Throught these strategies, Indonesia can establish a harmonious, inclusive, and adaptive national identity, capable of with standing the pressures of globalization while preserving unity amid diversity.
Integrasi media pembelajaran berbasis GeoGebra untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa dalam pembelajaran matematika
Critical thinking in mathematics is a fundamental skill that students must develop to meet the demands of the 21st century. Nevertheless, international assessments such as PISA and TIMSS reveal that Indonesian students’ performance in mathematics remains below expectations. An effective approach to address this issue is the integration of technology-based innovative learning tools, particularly the GeoGebra software, into mathematics instruction. This paper seeks to provide a theoretical review of how GeoGebra can be utilized as a learning medium to enhance students’ critical thinking abilities in mathematics. The study employs a literature review method with a descriptive-analytical framework. Findings indicate that GeoGebra offers dynamic visualizations of abstract mathematical concepts, fosters independent exploration, and creates cognitive conditions that stimulate critical thinking. Its application in teaching geometry, algebra, and calculus has been shown to significantly improve students’ active participation and mathematical reasoning. The study recommends strengthening teachers’ competencies in using GeoGebra and developing GeoGebra-based instructional materials aligned with the current curriculum.
Peran mindfulness dalam meningkatkan konsentrasi belajar siswa Madrasah Ibtidaiyah
Learning concentration is a crucial factor in students’ academic success, particularly at the Islamic elementary school (Madrasah Ibtidaiyah) level. However, low learning focus is often a common issue due to internal and external distractions. This study aims to examine the role of mindfulness in improving students’ learning concentration. The method used is a literature review by analyzing various sources related to mindfulness and learning concentration. The results indicate that mindfulness helps students enhance self-awareness, manage emotions, and focus their attention on learning activities. The implementation of mindfulness in the classroom can be carried out through conscious breathing techniques, simple meditation, and attention training. Therefore, mindfulness has the potential to be an effective strategy to improve the quality of learning in Madrasah Ibtidaiyah.
Overparenting pada anak usia dini dan dampaknya terhadap kemandirian anak
This study aims to critically examine the phenomenon of overparenting in early childhood and its implications for children's independence development. Overparenting is not merely defined as high parental involvement, but rather as excessive control that limits children's opportunities to learn through direct experience.This research employs a qualitative descriptive approach using a literature review method, drawing on various relevant academic sources such as scientific journals, books, and scholarly publications. The findings indicate that overparenting significantly contributes to the inhibition of children's independence, affecting behavioral, emotional, and cognitive aspects. Children raised under this parenting style tend to develop higher dependency, lower self-confidence, and limited problem-solving abilities.Furthermore, overparenting also impacts children's social and emotional development, including increased anxiety and difficulties in adapting to new environments. These conditions arise due to the lack of opportunities for children to explore, make decisions, and learn from failure independentlyTherefore, this study emphasizes the importance of implementing a balanced parenting approach that integrates guidance and autonomy. Providing children with appropriate freedom according to their developmental stage is essential in fostering independence and preparing them to face future life challenges.
Copyright (c) 2026 Naisa Assyfa Salsabila
Peran sistem filsafat sebagai sumber historis, sosiologis, dan politis Pancasila
Pancasila is recognized not only as the foundation of the state, but also as a fundamental philosophical system. This philosophical system provides the basis for the state's worldview, way of thinking, and policies, which are deeply rooted in the identity of the Indonesian people. This study analyzes the role of Pancasila as a philosophical system, covering its historical, sociological, and political sources, as well as identifying its dynamics, challenges, and urgency. Pancasila is an absolute unity that is singularly diverse and coherent, described in a pyramidal hierarchical unity. Its values are rooted in the long history of the archipelago as the basis of civilization and local wisdom. Politically, Pancasila was formalized as a Weltanschauung worldview by the founders of the nation, serving as a crucial ideological consensus to unite and save the country from disintegration. Over time, Pancasila has undergone significant dynamics: from the theo in the New Order era. However, it faced a decline in its existence and philosophical resonance in the Reformation era. The main global ideological challenges faced are capitalism, which threatens social justice through excessive individual freedom, and communism, which eliminates the role of the people through excessive state domination.
Copyright (c) 2026 Muhammad Iqbal Ramadhani