Maliki Interdisciplinary Journal (MIJ) adalah sebuah jurnal interdisipliner yang menerbitkan artikel-artikel ilmiah berkualitas tinggi yang dihasilkan oleh mahasiswa dari berbagai disiplin ilmu. Jurnal ini dikelola dan diterbitkan setiap bulan dalam versi online oleh Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang. MIJ menyediakan wadah bagi mahasiswa untuk mempublikasikan pemikiran konseptual, ulasan karya ilmiah, dan hasil penelitian mereka. MIJ menjembatani kesenjangan antara disiplin ilmu yang berbeda dengan tiga pendekatan utama: kesamaan rumpun ilmu, dialog antara sains dan nilai-nilai agama, serta integrasi dua disiplin ilmu yang berbeda.
Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang
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Perbedaan sudut pandang sosial-kultural antara kaum Syech dan kaum Baalawi di Embong Arab Malang
This study examines the socio-cultural divergent perspectives between the Syech and Baalawi communities in the Embong Arab area of Malang City through a case study approach. The shifting discourse regarding religious authority and lineage validity at the national level has indirectly influenced the local interaction landscape within the Arab ethnic community at the grassroots level. Utilizing a descriptive qualitative method, this research focuses on how these ideological differences and social stratifications manifest in daily socio-cultural practices within the public sphere. Field data were gathered through participant observation and in-depth interviews with key informants from both groups along the Street Syarif Al-Qodri in Malang. The findings reveal a sharp polarization of perspectives regarding the concepts of social egalitarianism, the legitimacy of lineage-based religious authority, and the relevance of exclusive cultural traditions. Despite these distinct cultural divisions in the private domain, the community in Embong Arab Malang demonstrates social maturity by engaging in pragmatic compromises within the public space to maintain communal harmony and economic stability. In conclusion, the divergent perspectives in Embong Arab Malang serve a dual function: as a mirror reflecting the fragmentation of social identity and as an adaptive instrument to suppress open horizontal conflicts among groups through functional tolerance and shared economic interests.
Copyright (c) 2026 Galang prasaji http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
This research seeks to identify the types of speech acts contained in the Arabic educational video “مسلسل فواز ونورة – الحلقة 08 – طلب العلم” uploaded on the iEN YouTube channel by applying John Searle’s speech act theory. The study is based on the growing role of YouTube as a widely used and effective educational platform, particularly among adolescents. A descriptive qualitative method with a pragmatic approach was employed to examine the utterances spoken by the characters in the video. Data were gathered through observation and note-taking techniques, while the analysis process adopted the Miles and Huberman interactive model. The results showed the presence of four categories of illocutionary speech acts, namely assertive, directive, expressive, and commissive acts, whereas declarative acts were absent. These speech acts were used not only to communicate information, but also to establish social interaction, express emotions, and convey educational as well as religious messages. The study demonstrated that Arabic educational videos on YouTube may function as an interactive and effective learning resource and contributed to the development of speech act research in digital and cross-cultural contexts.
Copyright (c) 2026 Lativa Husna http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Hubungan pola tidur mahasiswa dengan konsistensi ketuntasan tugas perkuliahan
Sleep patterns are one of the important factors affecting students’ physical condition, mental health, and academic abilities. Many students experience changes in sleep patterns due to academic demands, gadget use, organizational activities, and the habit of staying up late to complete assignments. This study aims to determine the relationship between students’ sleep patterns and the consistency of completing academic assignments. The research method used is a descriptive quantitative approach with literature study techniques from various journals related to sleep quality, academic stress, mental health, and student productivity. The results show that students with good sleep patterns tend to have better concentration, learning motivation, and time management skills so that they are more consistent in completing assignments on time. On the other hand, students with poor sleep patterns are more likely to experience academic stress, fatigue, procrastination, and academic burnout which affect delays in completing assignments. Therefore, sleep patterns have a significant relationship with the consistency of students’ academic task completion.
Copyright (c) 2026 Gilang Banu Saputra http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Konsep Khalifah dalam Al-Qur'an sebagai landasan pengelolaan ekosistem dan keanekaragaman hayati
The global ecosystem crisis and biodiversity decline, particularly in Indonesia, necessitate a resolution that integrates scientific approaches with moral and spiritual values. This qualitative study employs a thematic interpretation (maudhu'i) and tafsir ilmi approach to analyze the Qur'anic concept of khalifah in relation to modern ecological principles, finding that verses such as QS. Al-Baqarah: 30, QS. Shaad: 71-72, and QS. An-Nur: 55 synergistically define stewardship as a mandate for maintaining ecosystem balance. This concept aligns with ecological science, positioning humans as the primary biotic component responsible for environmental integrity; conversely, modern environmental degradation is viewed as a failure of this stewardship. Ultimately, the research concludes that integrating Islamic ecotheology with modern ecology through a bioethical framework offers a robust foundation for sustainable, equitable, and spiritually-grounded ecosystem management.
Copyright (c) 2026 Reva Amalia Putri http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Hak dan kewajiban warga negara Indonesia
The rights and obligations of Indonesian citizens are fundamental pillars in national life. Although the 1945 Constitution provides a clear legal framework, implementation in practice still faces challenges such as unequal access to basic rights, weak law enforcement, and low public awareness of civic duties. This study employs a qualitative approach with descriptive analysis of legal literature, public policy, and socio-political dynamics influencing the implementation of citizens’ rights and obligations. Findings indicate that despite the availability of constitutional norms, there remains a significant gap between legal provisions and societal practice. Contributing factors include social, political, and economic developments, as well as globalization, which demand policy adaptation. To address these challenges, comprehensive strategies are required, including strengthening civic education, enhancing public policy transparency, and ensuring consistent law enforcement. These measures will enable citizens’ rights and obligations to function in balance and effectively support the sustainability of national life.
Copyright (c) 2026 Azmi `Aly Azizi http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
The excessive productivity culture in the current digital era has created immense psychological pressure for Generation Z. Narratives regarding the necessity of achieving success at a young age spread massively through social media triggering destructive ambitions toward mental health. This article aims to analyze in depth the phenomenon of the productivity paradox and its connection to symptoms of early mental exhaustion or burnout. The method used is a literature study with a descriptive-analytical approach to dissect behavior patterns and sociological dynamics of modern society amidst the onslaught of digital information. The discussion results indicate that the constant effort to appear excessively productive actually leads to a decline in work quality and serious emotional stability disorders. The conclusion of this study emphasizes the importance of redefining the meaning of productivity to remain aligned with the principles of psychological well-being and individual mental sanity.
Copyright (c) 2026 nisaul karisma ilma kamelia http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
The educational environment plays a crucial role in supporting the success of the learning process, not only through its physical aspects but also through the psychological conditions created within the school environment. The psychological atmosphere of a school, or school climate, is the perception, experience, and social interactions felt by all members of the school community, which can influence the academic, social, and emotional development of students. This article aims to examine the concept of the psychological atmosphere of a school, the factors that influence it, its impact on students, and the role of teachers and schools in managing a conducive psychological climate. The method used is a literature study by examining various relevant scientific sources in the fields of educational psychology and educational management. The results of the study indicate that the psychological atmosphere of a school is influenced by the quality of interactions between teachers and students, social relationships between students, school discipline policies, learning methods, and the physical condition of the school environment. A positive psychological atmosphere has been shown to increase learning motivation, student engagement, academic achievement, social skills, and emotional well-being of students. Conversely, a less conducive school climate can cause stress, reduce learning motivation, and hinder students' social and emotional development. Therefore, the active role of teachers as motivators, facilitators, class managers, and evaluators is needed, as well as school support through counseling services, skills development programs, and systemic approaches to create a safe, comfortable learning environment that supports optimal student development.
Copyright (c) 2026 AHMAD SYIHAB FANANI http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Physics is a fundamental science that plays a very broad role in people’s daily lives. Every daily activity from how household appliances work and are used, to healthcare technology, and even the natural phenomena we observe can be explained by the principles of physics. This article aims to examine the application of physics concepts such as: waves, optics, fluid mechanics, thermodynamics, and electromagnetism in the context of modern society’s daily life. The method employed for the various studies conducted is a literature review, particularly by researchers from Maulana Malik Ibrahim State Islamic University in Malang. The results of the study indicate that wave physics concepts are widely utilized in medical technologies such as ultrasound and ultrasonic therapy, extremely low frequency (ELF) magnetic fields that have been shown to influence the growth of living organisms, as well as material physics principles that affect the quality of daily drinking water. Therefore, this understanding is crucial for enhancing public science literacy and promoting the prudent use of physics based technologies.
Copyright (c) 2026 Kamilah Zalfa Asy Syifa' http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
A Study of the fole of Flavonoids and phenolic compounds in Indonesian herbs as sources of modern natural medicines
Flavonoids and phenolic compounds are a group of secondary metabolites found abundantly in Indonesian herbal plants and possess various important pharmacological activities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunodilatory, and antihypertensive properties. Phenolic compounds have been widely used, particularly in the health and food industries. Phenolics act as hydrogen donors, free radical scavengers, lipid oxidation inhibitors, and modulators of cellular signaling pathways. Significant bioactivity is observed in various herbal extracts, such as Kaemferiae galanga, date palm seeds, gandaria, and starfruit, which contain flavonoids and phenolics with high pharmacological potential. Currently, there is increasing interest in the therapeutic potential of medicinal plants, possibly related to their phenolic groups, particularly flavonoids. Flavonoids have been consumed by humans for a long time. Flavonoids have broad biological capabilities in maintaining human health and helping reduce the risk of various diseases. These compounds exhibit the ability to reduce oxidative stress, inhibit angiotensin-converting enzyme activity, increase vascular endothelial relaxation, and regulate cell signaling and gene expression. Oxidative stress is a condition that occurs due to an imbalance between free radical production and the body's antioxidant defense system. Consuming herbal supplements is currently a trend for maintaining health (preventive) because it is considered more practical and has no side effects. Therefore, these compounds have great potential to be developed as the basis for developing safe and effective modern herbal medicines.
Copyright (c) 2026 davyana allya fhadillah http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
The Impact of Duolingo on english learning motivation among students and college students in Indonesia
This study aims to review the influence of using the Duolingo application on English learning motivation among students and university students in Indonesia. Employing a literature review approach by analyzing three relevant journals, the synthesis results indicate that Duolingo is effective in enhancing learning motivation, as reflected in increased enthusiasm, willingness to learn independently, and positive attitudes toward learning. The motivation that emerges is predominantly intrinsic, characterized by joy, satisfaction, and meaningful learning experiences, in line with motivational theories such as Self-Determination Theory, Maslow, Uno, and Gardner. Application features including gamification, immediate feedback, progress tracking, and adaptive content have been proven to strengthen students’ motivation by providing a more engaging and relevant learning experience. Nevertheless, variations in motivational factors appear across educational levels, with university students more driven by intrinsic motivation and flexibility of access, while secondary vocational students respond more to social aspects and healthy competition. Limitations in sample size and short duration of application use in previous studies remain obstacles to generalizing the findings. This study provides practical contributions by recommending that educators integrate gamification-based applications into English learning and opens opportunities for further research with broader scope and longer duration, positioning Duolingo as an innovative solution to support technology-based learning strategies in the digital era.
Copyright (c) 2026 indah wulan febriana http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Development of course modules on play and games based on the results of PIAUD students’ laboratory work
The Play and Games course is a crucial part of the Early Childhood Islamic Education (PIAUD) department, it has an important task in equipping prospective PAUD teachers. This course not only focuses on the theory of play, but also requires students to be able to create, carry out, and evaluate play activities that are educational, creative, and suitable for young children's ages. Unfortunately, the reality on campus shows that the teaching materials used are still mostly theoretical and do not really accommodate students' practical experience as a real learning resource. This research aims to create a Play and Games module based on the results of PIAUD students' practicum. This research uses research and development (R&D) methods with the ADDIE model which includes analysis, design, development, implementation and assessment. The respondents of this research were PIAUD students and lecturers who taught the course. How to collect data using observation, interviews, questionnaires, and document review. The research results show that the modules created are very good according to validation from material and media experts. In addition, this module has proven effective in increasing students' understanding of concepts, skills in creating educational play events, and students' ability to reflect on their teaching practices. This module also triggers more lively, contextualized and meaningful learning. Therefore, a module that refers to the results of this practicum is recommended as new teaching material for the Play and Games course in the PIAUD department.
Copyright (c) 2026 Naisa Assyfa Salsabila http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Challenges in environmental law enforcement
Environmental law enforcement in Indonesia faces significant challenges as natural resource exploitation is often disguised as the slogan of sustainable development. In practice, claims of sustainable development often serve as a shield for activities that damage ecosystems and exacerbate environmental degradation. This situation creates a paradox between the good intentions of environmental protection and the reality on the ground, which is far from ideal. This article critiques how the concept of sustainable development is often misused by actors with economic and political interests, resulting in environmental laws, which are supposed to maintain ecological balance, becoming weak and ineffective. Using a critical approach, this article explains the main obstacles to law enforcement, ranging from overlapping regulations and weak oversight to environmental criminalization with minimal deterrent effect. It also discusses the roles of government, private sector, and civil society actors, who often have conflicting interests in natural resource management. By examining this issue from the perspective of a student concerned with and critical of the future of the environment, this article invites readers to understand the issue not only normatively but also the socio-political realities behind sustainable development. Finally, the proposed solution emphasizes the importance of synergy between firm law enforcement, transparency, and active community participation as the key to safeguarding natural resources for true sustainability.
Copyright (c) 2026 Muhammad Ashabil Fazri http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
An Analysis of student discipline and behavior in a single-sex school system and its implications for classroom management at MAN 1 Probolinggo
This study aims to understand how student discipline and behavior are formed within a gender-segregated school system and their implications for classroom management at MAN 1 Probolinggo. This research uses a qualitative method with a descriptive approach through observation and interviews. The results show that student discipline and behavior are influenced by internal factors such as learning motivation and personal character, as well as external factors such as the school environment, school culture, the role of teachers, and peer influence. The gender segregation system can help create a more conducive learning environment, but it does not fully guarantee high levels of student discipline. In practice, teachers need to apply flexible classroom management strategies, such as enforcing clear rules, using varied teaching methods, and applying personal approaches to students. The level of student discipline significantly affects the effectiveness of the learning process, where well-disciplined classes are easier to manage compared to less disciplined ones. Therefore, successful classroom management is not only determined by the school system but also by the active role of teachers and students’ awareness in maintaining discipline.
Copyright (c) 2026 muhammad sobih http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
The Role of tolerance, pluralism, and multiculturalism in strengthening national identity in Indonesia
Indonesia is known for its immense diversity, encompassing various ethnicities, religions, races, and culture. This makes values such as tolerance, pluralism, and multiculturalism crucial in social interactions and national life. This research aims to explore the relationship between tolerance, pluralism, multiculturalism, and national identity, and their importance in maintaining the unity and integrity of the Indonesian nation. The study employed a literature analysis method, in which the researcher collected and analyzed various written sources, including books, journals, articles, and official documents relevant to the topic under study. The study's findings indicate that tolerance, pluralism, multiculturalism, and national identity are interrelated. Tolerance serves as a starting point for respecting differences, pluralism recognizes that diversity is a social fact, multiculturalism effectively manages differences, and national identity serves to unite all these aspects. National symbols such as Pancasila, the Indonesian language, and the motto "Bhinneka Tunggal Ika" (Unity in Diversity) serve as the foundation for national unity amidst this diversity. However, pluralism and multiculturalism also bring challenges that have the potential to cause conflict due to fanaticism and differences in identity. In Islam, tolerance is based on the principle of tasamuh (balance), the teachings of the Quran, and the example of the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him). Therefore, understanding and practicing the values ​​of diversity on an ongoing basis is crucial for realizing a harmonious, just, and united Indonesian society.
Copyright (c) 2026 Salsabilla Lyrabiha http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Digital marketing strategies to enhance the competitiveness of MSMEs
The development of digital technology has brought significant changes to marketing strategies, including within the Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) sector in Indonesia. Marketing activities that were previously carried out conventionally are now beginning to shift toward digital media such as social media, marketplaces, and various other online platforms. This research aims to analyze the role of digital marketing in enhancing the competitiveness of MSMEs amid the growth of modern business practices. The research method employed is qualitative with a literature study approach through the examination of academic journals and other reliable sources. The research findings reveal that digital marketing is able to help MSMEs reach a broader market, simplify the product promotion process, and increase the effectiveness of communication with consumers. Besides contributing to higher sales performance, MSMEs also have a crucial role in supporting the national economy through the creation of employment opportunities. However, the implementation of digitalization still encounters several challenges, such as the limited digital capabilities of business actors and constraints in human resources. Therefore, a proper digital strategy is required so that MSMEs can continue to develop and remain able to compete sustainably.
Copyright (c) 2026 laila tanzi lia http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Maria Montessori’s approach to children’s education and its implementation for generation alpha
This study aims to analyze the concept of child education from Maria Montessori's perspective and its implementation for Generation Alpha, who are growing up in an era characterized by rapid technological advancement and digital transformation. The research employs a qualitative approach using library research methods, drawing data from books, scientific journals, articles, and other relevant academic sources. Data were analyzed through content analysis to examine Montessori’s educational philosophy and its relevance to contemporary educational needs. The findings indicate that the Montessori educational concept places children at the center of the learning process by providing guided freedom, a carefully prepared learning environment, and hands-on learning experiences that support balanced cognitive, social, emotional, and motor development. The Montessori method also emphasizes independence, creativity, responsibility, and critical thinking skills, which are essential competencies for Generation Alpha. The implementation of Montessori principles can be carried out both in schools and within families by encouraging children to learn independently, explore their surroundings, and solve problems through real-life experiences. Although challenges remain, including limited facilities, insufficient public understanding, and the influence of digital technology, the Montessori approach remains highly relevant as a humanistic, innovative, and child-centered educational alternative that meets the developmental needs of Generation Alpha in the modern era.
Copyright (c) 2026 ihdina sabila alfaradis http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
The Integration of academic development and educational culture in fostering teacher professionalism in islamic educational institutions
Academic coaching is the process of providing professional assistance to teachers to improve their competence and the quality of learning. Meanwhile, educational culture is the set of values ​​and norms that develop within the educational environment and influence educators' attitudes and behaviors in teaching. Integrating these two aspects is crucial in shaping teacher professionalism, both in terms of competence and character. This research employed a qualitative approach, utilizing a literature review drawn from several journal references related to academic supervision, educational management, and educational information systems. It focused on how structured coaching processes and cultural values ​​interconnect in enhancing teachers' professional competence and character. The results indicate that academic coaching for educators, implemented in a planned, systematic, and sustainable manner, can improve teachers' abilities in educating, planning, implementing, and evaluating learning. Meanwhile, educational culture plays a role in shaping teachers' attitudes and character, encompassing the values ​​of discipline, professional ethics, and responsibility. Both are integrated and strengthened through institutional management support and technology in the evaluation and monitoring process. Thus, the integration and development of academic and cultural aspects of education is an effective strategy for enhancing teacher professionalism, as it can develop competency and character in a balanced and sustainable manner within Islamic educational institutions. Furthermore, this integration can strengthen educational institutions in developing educators with integrity, adaptability, and the ability to face the challenges of modern development.
Copyright (c) 2026 Utaiya Mala Wawalada http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Corruption in Indonesia is commonly explained through two major perspectives: cultural factors and structural factors. This article aims to examine the dominant factor in the formation of corruptive culture by emphasizing structural conditions as the primary explanatory variable. The study employs a qualitative approach based on document analysis and secondary data obtained from reports of the Corruption Eradication Commission (KPK), Statistics Indonesia (BPS), Transparency International, and relevant academic literature. The findings indicate that weak oversight mechanisms, imbalanced institutional incentives, and inconsistent law enforcement are the key structural factors that create opportunities and motivations for corrupt behavior. The study argues that corruptive culture should be understood as a consequence of repeated corrupt practices within a weak institutional system rather than as the principal cause of corruption itself. Evidence further demonstrates that structural reforms, including strengthening supervisory institutions, improving transparency through e-government, and enhancing public governance, are more effective in reducing corruption than approaches focused solely on moral education and cultural change. Therefore, institutional reform should be prioritized as the most effective strategy for combating corruption and fostering long-term integrity in Indonesia.
Copyright (c) 2026 FEBRIANTO Andi Nugroho http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Promoting religious moderation in islamic religious education in the digital age
This article discusses the strengthening of religious moderation in Islamic Religious Education learning in the digital era. This topic is important because students encounter fast, open, and not always verified religious information. Islamic Religious Education should strengthen faith, moral character, digital literacy, and critical reasoning. This study applies a library research method by reviewing policies, books, and relevant academic articles. The findings show that religious moderation can be integrated through learning objectives, content, teaching methods, digital media, and attitude assessment. The four indicators of moderation, namely national commitment, tolerance, anti-violence, and acceptance of local traditions, can be translated into contextual learning activities. Islamic Religious Education teachers act as learning designers, dialogue facilitators, digital source curators, and role models of respectful religious practice. This article proposes practical strategies such as digital case analysis, peaceful religious content projects, evidence-based discussions, and moderation attitude rubrics.
Copyright (c) 2026 nasyafa nur nasyafa nur kholifah http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
The Importance of social harmony with roommates in the dormitory
Social harmony among roommates is an essential aspect of dormitory life that significantly influences students’ psychological well-being, academic achievement, and social development. This article aims to analyze the importance of social harmony in roommate relationships, the factors affecting it, its impacts, and the strategies required to build and maintain harmonious interactions in dormitory settings. The study employs a qualitative approach using a literature review method by examining various academic sources related to dormitory life, interpersonal communication, and student social relationships. The findings reveal that effective communication, mutual respect, recognition of personal boundaries, and fair distribution of responsibilities are the primary factors contributing to social harmony. A harmonious dormitory environment provides positive outcomes, including reduced stress levels, improved learning comfort, enhanced social skills, and stronger emotional support among students. Conversely, social disharmony may lead to conflicts, mental health problems, and decreased academic performance. Therefore, collaboration between students and educational institutions is necessary to create a supportive, inclusive, and conducive dormitory environment that promotes both academic success and social development in a sustainable manner.
Copyright (c) 2026 dwi ari shofianatus http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
The History of Science and the Philosophy of Science in Ancient Greece
The development of science and philosophy in Ancient Greece represents a significant milestone in the history of human civilization. This period marked the transition from mythological explanations of reality to rational and logical approaches in understanding the world. This study aims to examine the origins of science and philosophy in Ancient Greece, the factors that contributed to their emergence, and the contributions of major philosophers to the advancement of knowledge. The research employs a library research method with a descriptive-qualitative approach through the analysis of relevant literature sources. The findings reveal that the birth of Greek philosophy was influenced by rich mythological traditions, literary development, and interactions with scientific knowledge from other civilizations. The development of Greek philosophy can be divided into two major periods: the Pre-Socratic era, which focused on investigating the origin and nature of the universe, and the Classical era, which emphasized human beings, ethics, and epistemology. Philosophers such as Thales, Anaximander, Anaximenes, Heraclitus, Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle made substantial contributions to establishing the foundations of scientific thinking based on rationality and logical reasoning. Therefore, the intellectual legacy of Ancient Greece became a fundamental basis for the development of science, philosophy, and the scientific method that continues to influence modern civilization. Ancient Greek thought remains relevant in understanding the evolution of human knowledge and intellectual inquiry.
Copyright (c) 2026 Achmad Syarofil Anam http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Evaluation is an essential component of the Islamic education system as it functions to measure the effectiveness of the learning process while serving as a basis for continuous improvement and educational development. This study aims to examine the concepts, procedures, and implementation techniques of evaluation in Islamic education and their role in achieving educational objectives that emphasize the development of students’ cognitive, affective, and psychomotor domains. The research employs a library research method with a descriptive-qualitative approach through the analysis of relevant academic literature. The findings indicate that evaluation in Islamic education is not limited to assessing knowledge acquisition but also encompasses the development of attitudes, moral values, and practical skills in accordance with Islamic principles. The evaluation process involves several stages, including planning, data collection, data verification, data processing and analysis, interpretation of results, and follow-up actions. Furthermore, evaluation techniques are categorized into test and non-test methods. Test techniques include placement tests, diagnostic tests, formative tests, and summative tests, while non-test techniques consist of observation, interviews, and attitude scales. The integration of both approaches enables a more comprehensive and objective assessment of student learning outcomes. Therefore, evaluation in Islamic education serves as a strategic instrument for enhancing the quality of learning and ensuring the achievement of educational goals effectively, holistically, and sustainably.
Copyright (c) 2026 Sherly Rahmawati http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
The Role of library and information science in improving information literacy in the digital age
Digital technology advancements make it easier for the public to get information, but they also create challenges such as false information and hoaks. This study aims to understand the role of information literacy in the digital age. Through observation, wawancara, and document analysis, the study employs a qualitative method with a deskriptif approach. The study's findings indicate that perpustakaan is useful as a source of information through digital, e-book, and electronic journal services. Pustakawan also helps the community find, evaluate, and use information appropriately. In addition, information literacy helps the general public use digital information with a critical and perceptive mindset. Thus, Ilmu Perpustakaan dan Sains Informasi have a crucial role in improving the quality of information literacy among the general public in the digital age.
Copyright (c) 2026 Merry Amelia Prasiwi http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Curriculum reform to foster a generation of high-achieving, globally competitive students
The digital era has brought fundamental changes to the world of education, demanding curriculum reconstruction that is adaptive and responsive to technological developments and global dynamics. This article aims to examine curriculum reconstruction strategies in the digital era and their implications for global competitiveness, with a focus on developing a superior, character-based, and competent generation in the 21st century. Through a literature review approach, the discussion covers three main aspects: the urgency of curriculum reconstruction in the digital era, its implementation strategies in developing a superior generation, and its implications for global competitiveness. The results of the study indicate that curriculum reconstruction that integrates digital literacy, project-based learning, character building, and improving the competence of educators is a strategic step that cannot be ignored. The success of curriculum reconstruction depends not only on policy changes but also on synergy between educational institutions, the government, the industrial world, and society as a whole. Thus, curriculum reconstruction is a fundamental long-term investment in realizing a quality and globally competitive education system.
Copyright (c) 2026 Muhammad Ricky Maulana http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
The Use of mobile apps to support students’ mental health
Mental health among college students is an increasingly serious issue at both global and national levels. Students are vulnerable to psychological disorders such as stress, anxiety, and depression due to academic pressure and social demands. In the digital era, mobile applications have emerged as an accessible alternative solution to support mental health. This article aims to examine the use of mobile applications in supporting college students' mental health through a literature review of 12 scientific articles published between 2021 and 2025. The results show that mobile applications are effective in reducing levels of stress, anxiety, and depression among students. The most studied types include meditation apps, mood trackers, online counseling platforms, and mental health screening tools. However, challenges such as stigma, privacy concerns, infrastructure limitations, and lack of local cultural contextualization remain barriers to optimal use. On the other hand, the large number of smartphone users in Indonesia presents a significant opportunity for developing more relevant and inclusive mental health applications. Collaboration between technology developers, psychologists, educational institutions, and the government is essential to create a comprehensive digital mental health ecosystem for Indonesian college students.
Copyright (c) 2026 Nafilla Afania Afania Safitri http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Indonesia is recognized as the largest archipelagic country in the world with a highly strategic geographical position, located between the Asian and Australian continents and bordered by the Indian and Pacific Oceans. This condition places Indonesia in an important role in international trade, regional politics, defense, and security. This study aims to analyze Indonesia’s geopolitical and geostrategic concepts, along with the challenges and strengthening efforts in the era of globalization. The research employs a qualitative method with a library research approach by collecting data from scientific journals, academic books, and other relevant scholarly sources. The findings indicate that Indonesia’s geopolitics is implemented through the concept of wawasan nusantara, which emphasizes national unity and territorial integrity despite cultural diversity. Meanwhile, geostrategy is realized through the concept of national resilience to address internal and external threats. Indonesia faces various challenges, including globalization, foreign cultural influence, the South China Sea conflict, cyber threats, and development inequality. Therefore, strengthening geopolitics and geostrategy is essential through improving national defense, equitable development, international diplomacy, and the enhancement of human resources quality in order to maintain sovereignty, unity, and national stability.
Copyright (c) 2026 Muhammad Zulfiter Hidayatullah http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
The Concepts of Zakat and Taxes in Indonesia
Zakat and taxes are two important instruments contributing to the realization of public welfare in Indonesia. Zakat serves as a mechanism for equitable distribution of wealth in Islamic economics, while taxes are the primary source of funding for national development. This study aims to analyze the concepts of zakat and taxes and their application as a deduction from taxable income in Indonesia. The method used is normative legal research through a regulatory approach and literature review. The results show that the government has integrated zakat and taxes through a policy that recognizes zakat paid to official institutions as a deduction from taxable income. However, its implementation still faces several obstacles, such as low public understanding and suboptimal zakat management. Therefore, strengthening education, governance, and synergy between institutions is needed so that the functions of zakat and taxes can be more effective in supporting development and improving public welfare.
Copyright (c) 2026 Najih Tajuddin http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Development of Plant-Based Pesticide Powders Made from Papaya Leaves (Carica papaya L.), Neem Leaves (Azadirachta indica A. Juss.), Garlic (Allium sativum L.), and Moringa Leaves (Moringa oleifera Lam.) as an Alternative for Controlling the Armyworm (Spodoptera litura)
The use of chemical pesticides in agriculture has significantly contributed to crop productivity; however, excessive application may cause environmental pollution, pest resistance, mortality of non-target organisms, and chemical residues in agricultural products. Therefore, safer and more sustainable pest control alternatives are required. This study aimed to develop a powdered botanical pesticide formulated from papaya leaves (Carica papaya L.), neem leaves (Azadirachta indica A. Juss.), garlic (Allium sativum L.), and moringa leaves (Moringa oleifera Lam.) for controlling armyworm (Spodoptera litura). The formulation was prepared through drying, grinding, mixing, and packaging processes to obtain a homogeneous powder. Effectiveness was evaluated using several concentration levels, namely 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%. The observations indicated that increasing formulation concentration tended to reduce larval feeding activity, decrease leaf damage, and improve pest control effectiveness. The 75% concentration showed the best balance between control effectiveness and material efficiency. In addition to its pest control potential, the formulation offers advantages such as readily available raw materials, environmental friendliness, practical application, and longer shelf life due to its powdered form. Therefore, this botanical pesticide formulation has the potential to serve as an alternative pest management strategy that supports sustainable agriculture.
Copyright (c) 2026 anggun saskia lisa http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
The rapid development of information and communication technology has significantly transformed many aspects of modern society. Activities such as learning, working, communicating, and accessing information are now increasingly carried out through digital platforms. This situation requires individuals not only to possess the ability to operate digital tools, but also to understand how to search for information, evaluate its credibility, and use it responsibly and appropriately. This article aims to examine the importance of digital literacy as a key competency needed in the twenty-first century, as well as its relevance in the field of education. The study employs a literature review method by analyzing various relevant academic sources, including books, journal articles, and official documents related to digital literacy. The findings indicate that digital literacy plays an essential role in enhancing critical thinking, creativity, communication, and collaboration skills. In addition, it also helps individuals deal with various challenges in the digital environment, such as misinformation and cybersecurity threats. Therefore, strengthening digital literacy must be carried out continuously through education and the involvement of multiple stakeholders in order to build a society that is capable of adapting to ongoing technological developments.
Copyright (c) 2026 Anzilina Rohmah http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Strategies for efficient management of islamic education budgets to improve the quality and accountability of islamic educational institutions
The management of education budgets is a key aspect of improving the quality and accountability of Islamic educational institutions. Amid limited funds and government policies aimed at improving the efficiency of education budgets, Islamic educational institutions are required to manage their financial resources effectively, efficiently, transparently, and responsibly. This study aims to analyze efficient Islamic education budget management strategies for improving the quality and accountability of educational institutions. The method used in this study is a literature review (library research) examining various literature, scientific journals, and regulations related to Islamic education funding. The results of the study indicate that the funding sources for Islamic educational institutions come from the government, the community, and the private sector. Effective budget management strategies can be implemented through thorough cost planning, the application of digital-based monitoring and implementation, training for financial staff, and periodic budget evaluations. Additionally, budget management from an Islamic education perspective must be grounded in the values of trustworthiness, honesty, transparency, and accountability. By implementing these strategies, Islamic educational institutions can improve budget efficiency, minimize waste, strengthen public accountability, and continuously improve the quality of educational services.
Copyright (c) 2026 Nur Rahma Nabilah http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
The History and development of Agrarian Law in Indonesia
Colonial agrarian law in Indonesia prior to 1960 was dominated by the interests of the Dutch East Indies, creating a dualism between Western and Customary law that disadvantaged the Indonesian people and failed to guarantee legal certainty. This study aims to analyze the history of agrarian law development during the colonial period, evaluate various exploitative policies, and describe the long process of drafting a sovereign National Agrarian Law. The method employed is normative legal research with historical and literature review approaches. The results indicate that colonial agrarian policies from the VOC era to the 1870 Agrarische Wet oppressed the people through monopoly practices, Landrent, Forced Cultivation (Cultuurstelsel), and the Domein Verklaring principle that seized customary land rights. In response, the Indonesian government undertook a 12-year law-drafting struggle through various committees (1948-1960) to create national land law unification based on Pancasila. The conclusion confirms that the enactment of Law No. 5 of 1960 (UUPA) successfully abolished legal dualism and established national land law uniformity serving the interests of the Indonesian nation.
Copyright (c) 2026 Anis Anggun Sulistyowati http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
The Implementation of character education in shaping students’ moral character
This study examines how character education is implemented to shape student morality in a university environment. Higher education serves not only as a place to develop knowledge and work skills, but also as an important place to shape moral attitudes, personality, and social responsibility in the younger generation. Character education at universities is carried out by integrating moral, social, and religious values ​​into the curriculum, teaching methods, student activities, campus culture, and good examples from lecturers and staff. Key supporting factors include a religious and disciplined campus environment, role models set by lecturers, family support, and positive social interactions. On the other hand, key obstacles come from the influence of social media, promiscuity, lack of awareness among students, and weak collaboration between the campus, family, and community. The impact of character education can be seen in increased discipline, honesty, responsibility, courtesy, social awareness, and ethics in using digital media. Furthermore, character education also helps reduce negative behaviors such as plagiarism, misuse of technology, and intolerance. This study emphasizes the importance of strengthening character education regularly and continuously. This is considered an important part of the mission of higher education to form citizens who have integrity and good morals.
Copyright (c) 2026 Anisa Aprilia http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Human resource management as a means of improving teacher performance in educational institutions
This article discusses human resource management as an effort to support the improvement of teacher performance in educational institutions. Teachers serve as the central element in the education system as they directly interact with students and determine the direction and quality of the teaching and learning process. Therefore, a well-planned and systematic management system for teaching staff is necessary to promote optimal educational quality. This article uses a literature study approach by referring to various scientific journals, reference books, and relevant research in the field of educational human resource management. The findings indicate that several variables influence teacher performance improvement, including planning for teaching staff needs, continuous competency development, work motivation, organizational communication patterns, performance evaluation systems, and the leadership style of school principals or madrasah heads. Ongoing training programs have been proven to encourage increased teacher professionalism in carrying out their duties. Therefore, effectively and efficiently managed human resources serve as an important foundation for the realization of professional teachers and quality education.
Copyright (c) 2026 hafsa arrasy http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
The issue of gender equality remains highly relevant across various layers of society, including in education, law, and socioeconomic life. This article aims to build awareness of the importance of gender equality through a multidimensional approach—examining Islamic perspectives based on hadith, human rights frameworks, and the social realities experienced by women in various sectors. A literature review method with a descriptive-analytical approach was applied to six relevant academic journal sources. The findings indicate that gender equality is not merely a modern demand but a value inherently embedded in Islamic teachings and universal human rights principles. Awareness of gender equality must be systematically built through education, contextual religious text interpretation, and gender-responsive policies. Cultural barriers, social stereotypes, and gaps in religious interpretation remain real challenges that must be addressed collectively.
Copyright (c) 2026 nida nailil mafazah http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
The Dynamics of leadership, education, and islamic civilization during the era of the Rightly Guided Caliphs
The era of the Khulafaur Rashidin represents an important period in Islamic history that laid the foundation for the development of leadership systems, education, and Islamic civilization. This study aims to examine the dynamics of leadership as well as the contributions to education and Islamic civilization during the reigns of Abu Bakr Ash-Shiddiq, Umar ibn Khattab, Uthman ibn Affan, and Ali ibn Abi Talib. The method used is a literature review by analyzing various related sources.The results of the study indicate that leadership during this period was participatory, based on consultation (shura), justice, and Islamic values. In the field of education, mosques functioned as centers of learning that integrated spiritual, intellectual, and social aspects. Meanwhile, Islamic civilization developed rapidly in the political, economic, and social fields through organized and just systems.Thus, the era of the Khulafaur Rashidin not only serves as an ideal model of Islamic leadership but also makes a significant contribution to the formation of intellectual traditions and a sustainable Islamic civilization that remains relevant to modern challenges.
Copyright (c) 2026 Mufarrohah Mufarrohah http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
The Concept of Jami’al Quran and the History of Jami’al Quran During the Time of the Prophet, the Rightly Guided Caliphs, and Thereafter
The history of Jam'al Qur'an (collection of the Qur'an) is a crucial stage in the development of Islam that has a significant impact on the needs and beliefs of Muslims. Procedures This began in the time of the Prophet Muhammad (saw), when the text was written by the companions in various simple mediums, such as date palm fronds, bones, and skin, and then translated by the memorizer (huffaz). Following the Prophet's death, a thorough study of the Qur'an was conducted during the time of Caliph Abu Bakr ash-Siddiq at the suggestion of Umar bin Khattab, especially after numerous studies of the Qur'an fell in the Yamamah War. Zaid bin Thabit oversaw this codification, which produced mushaf that was collected in a single unit. During the time of Caliph Utsman bin Affan, Mushaf copying and reading standardization were carried out to identify the differences in Qira'at throughout various Islamic countries. Ottoman Mushaf. This study aims to clarify the meaning of the Qur'anic text and analyze its implications for the interpretation of the Qur'an and the development of the Islamic legal system. It can be inferred from the historical-normative perspective that the process of codifying the Qur'an demonstrates the widespread awareness of the validity of Islamic law, which strengthens the Qur'an as the primary source of Islamic law that is authoritative and has been upheld up to this point.
Copyright (c) 2026 ACH FARIQUL IKBAL http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
cThe Impact of AI on Changes in Critical Thinking and Interest in Learning Among Students and College Students
Artificial Intelligence or commonly known as AI is a technology that is designed and can imitate human intelligence that can be accessed by all groups from students to workers, and AI can also help make it easier to solve easy and even difficult problems, in addition AI also helps in the development process for students and college students, but not always AI brings a good influence to its users, all can be seen through how the use can manage information well and correctly, but in fact at this time AI has become a platform that can bring bad influences to its users especially in the field of education and learning, which can cause a decrease in the ability of students and college students to think critically and their interest in learning, because most of them think that AI is a practical shortcut in dealing with problems in the field of education and learning, so the purpose of this journal is to find out the impact of the use of AI that can result in a decrease in critical thinking and interest in learning for students and college students and solutions so that this does not happen continuously and cause losses for students and college students in the long term, and this journal is written using a qualitative descriptive method through a literature study approach sourced from journals, articles and other credible sources that can be material in the discussion of the journal This.
Copyright (c) 2026 Hassya Nailah Alfrida http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
The Concept of justice in islamic commerce
This article disccusses justice in Islamic trade, focusing on the rights of merchants, the rights of buyers, the principle of voluntary agreement, and the business ethics applied in transactions. From an Islamic perspective, trade (al-bai’) is not merely an exchange of goods and money, but an interaction that requires honesty, transparency, and adherence to Sharia. Merchants have the rihgt to earn profits, but they are obliged to act fairly and transparently toward buyers, Buyers have the right to receive goods according to the agreement but are required to pay the agreed price in good faith. The principle of voluntary agreement emphasizes that transactions must be conducted without coercion and based on mutual consent. Implementing justice enhances consumer trust, reduces potential disputes, and fosters healthy business ethics. This study asserts that justice in islamic business transactions is not only a moral norm but also a fiqh-based guideline that ensures economic practices are fair, transparent, and mutually beneficial.
Copyright (c) 2026 Fardaa Naabih Saniyyatul Wafaa http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
An Analysis of Indonesian and English Code-Mixing in the YouTube Comments Section of Gita Savitri Devi
This study aims to analyze the phenomenon of code-mixing, namely the use of both English and Indonesian, employed by social media users, particularly viewers or fans of the influencer Gita Savitri Devi in several videos uploaded to YouTube. In today’s digital era, the use of English in everyday conversations has become a widespread trend among Indonesian society and is considered a substantial phenomenon. This research employs a qualitative descriptive method to analyze the data. The data were collected through an observation technique using 20 screenshots of comments written by viewers or fans on videos uploaded by Gita Savitri that contained a mixture of English and Indonesian. The main theory used in this study is proposed by Shana Poplack, who classifies code-switching into three main types: tag switching, inter-sentential switching, and intra-sentential switching. The results of the study from 20 samples showed that 18 were categorized as intra-sentential switching. This indicates that intra-sentential switching is the most dominant type used, driven by the need for more efficient expression and the influence of global digital culture. This study provides an overview of how code-mixing functions as a communication tool and a form of identity expression among the younger generation.
Copyright (c) 2026 Nazila Qorirol Aini http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
The social construction of fasting exemptions among manual laborers from the perspective of the sociology of religion
This study discusses heavy workers’ understanding of fasting rukhsah from the perspective of the sociology of religion. Islam provides rukhsah as a form of relief for individuals facing difficulties in performing fasting, including those engaged in physically demanding work. However, heavy workers show different views regarding the use of rukhsah. Some perceive it as a manifestation of compassion and flexibility in Islamic law, while others continue fasting as a form of faithfulness and patience. This study uses a descriptive qualitative method with a library research approach through the analysis of Qur’anic verses, theories of sociology of religion, and related literature. The findings reveal that workers’ understanding of fasting rukhsah is influenced not only by religious knowledge but also by social environment, work culture, family background, and religious leaders’ perspectives. Peter L. Berger and Thomas Luckmann’s social construction theory explains that religious understanding is formed through social interaction in everyday life. Therefore, differences in understanding fasting rukhsah should be addressed with mutual respect without negative judgment toward others’ religious practices.
Copyright (c) 2026 Zainab Fatimah Az Zahro http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
This study examines the paradigm of silence in the philosophy of science as an alternative framework for understanding the formation of knowledge. Silence is not interpreted merely as the absence of sound, but as a contemplative state that allows pure experience to emerge prior to linguistic formulation. Drawing on the ideas of Merleau-Ponty, Polanyi, and embodied cognition, this study highlights how non-verbal thinking processes including intuition, bodily perception, visual imagination, and affective responses contribute to knowledge construction before verbal expression occurs. The findings reveal that silence fosters reflection, creativity, and deeper cognitive integration by freeing the mind from external linguistic distractions. Silence creates mental space where individuals connect experiences, generate insights, and perceive meaning beyond spoken language. Epistemologically, non-verbal cognition serves as the initial foundation for knowledge formation, and recognizing the function of silence provides a new understanding of how humans access, experience, and construct reality.
Copyright (c) 2026 Vivian Meiva Hariyanto, Nabila Iffatun Nisa, Adibsar Micdat Aldaby http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Implementation of halal principles in a nanotechnology-based drug delivery system
The development of nanotechnology has led to the emergence of various drug delivery systems, including liposomes, lipid nanoparticles (LNPs), nanoemulsions, solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs), and polymeric nanoparticles, which can improve drug solubility, bioavailability, stability, and therapeutic effectiveness. At the same time, the growing awareness of halal healthcare products among Muslim consumers has increased the need to evaluate the halal aspects of pharmaceutical products, including those based on nanotechnology. This review aims to examine the characteristics of different nanocarriers, identify the critical halal points of their constituent materials, and discuss the challenges and opportunities in the development of halal nanopharmaceuticals. A literature review approach was used by analysing scientific publications related to nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems and halal pharmaceuticals. The findings show that common nanocarrier materials include phospholipids, cholesterol, solid lipids, surfactants, polyethylene glycol (PEG), and various natural and synthetic polymers. Several of these materials may present critical halal concerns due to their animal-derived sources, manufacturing processes, or potential cross-contamination during production. Therefore, the implementation of halal principles in nanopharmaceutical products requires careful consideration of raw material sources, manufacturing processes, traceability, and halal certification. Integrating halal compliance with product quality, safety, and efficacy may support the development of nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems that fulfil the principles of halalan tayyiban.
Copyright (c) 2026 Azka Azhari Rasyida http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
The Role of optimism in students’ psychological well-being
This study aims to examine the contribution of optimism to students’ psychological well-being. University students are in a developmental stage characterized by the transition from late adolescence to early adulthood, a period often accompanied by various academic, social, and emotional demands. Such challenges frequently create psychological pressure that may negatively affect students’ overall well-being if not managed effectively. In this context, optimism is considered an important psychological resource that can assist students in dealing with challenges encountered during academic life. An optimistic perspective enables individuals to maintain positive expectations for the future and remain confident in overcoming obstacles despite difficult circumstances. This research employs a qualitative approach using a library research method. Data and information were gathered from various relevant academic sources, including scholarly journals, books, and previous studies related to the topic under discussion. These references were analyzed comprehensively to gain a deeper understanding of the relationship between optimism and students’ psychological well-being. The findings indicate a positive association between optimism and students’ psychological well-being. Students who possess a higher level of optimism tend to be more resilient when facing stress, demonstrate stronger adaptability, and are less likely to give up when confronted with challenges. Furthermore, having a constructive outlook on the future encourages individuals to persist in seeking solutions to problems they encounter.
Copyright (c) 2026 nayla alyatil fadilah http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
A Reconstruction of contemporary islamic education
In this global era, many consider morality merely a norm embodied in the values ​​of a particular societal order. This means there is no standard that can be used as a reference for a moral system that is generally accepted by society. Consequently, very few moral attitudes of a particular society will be accepted by others. Some believe that religion should be aterile from culture, while others argue that the two can correlate but must still maintain the purity of religion itself. Islam stands as a religion that upholds morality. The quran, as the primary source of islamic teachings, emphasizes the importance of holistic education, which focuses not only on intellectual aspects but also encompasses moral and spiritual development. The background of this research is based on concerns about the moral crisis and the disintegration of spiritual values ​​in modern educational practices that tend to emphasize solely cognitive aspects. Therefore, this research aims to examine the role of religion as a capital in shaping national morality. Using a descriptive-analytical approach, this paper will answer this question by attempting to trace Islam's position in moral development and how religious education should be implemented to address the nation's moral problems.
Copyright (c) 2026 Nuriya Elsa'adah Hanina Elmaduriy http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Psycholinguistic perspectives on language processing and anxiety among english literature students
Psycholinguistics is an interdisciplinary field that examines the relationship between cognitive processes and language use. This study aims to analyze the fundamental concepts of psycholinguistics, language processing in reading and speaking activities, and the influence of psycholinguistic factors on the academic performance of English Literature students. The study employs a literature review approach by examining relevant theoretical and empirical sources, particularly research conducted at Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang. The findings indicate that language comprehension and production involve complex processes, including lexical access, syntactic processing, semantic integration, inferencing, and the role of working memory. Furthermore, affective factors such as public speaking anxiety may hinder language production by disrupting speech planning and vocabulary retrieval. The study also highlights the importance of applying psycholinguistic principles in English Literature education to support more inclusive, adaptive, and student-centered learning practices. Integrating psycholinguistic perspectives into the curriculum is expected to enhance students’ academic achievement, communication skills, and psychological well-being. Consequently, psycholinguistics provides a valuable framework for understanding language use and learning in higher education contexts.
Copyright (c) 2026 Qurrota Ainin Nisa http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Breakups are one of the common emotional experiences faced by university students, particularly during early adulthood, a phase characterized by the exploration of interpersonal relationships and the search for personal identity. Although often considered a normal life event, numerous studies have shown that breakups can have significant impacts on mental health, including increased anxiety, depression, emotional stress, and even a decline in academic performance. This study aims to analyze in depth the impact of breakups on students’ mental health and to identify the coping strategies used to deal with these conditions. The method employed is a literature review with a descriptive qualitative approach, examining various scientific journals from universities in Indonesia that are openly accessible. Students who experience a breakup tend to suffer from emotional disturbances such as deep sadness, loss of motivation, decreased self-esteem, and difficulty concentrating. The coping strategies used by students include adaptive coping, such as emotional regulation, social support, and positive activities, as well as maladaptive coping, such as withdrawal and excessive rumination. Emotional regulation has been shown to be an important factor in accelerating the recovery of an individual’s psychological condition after a breakup. Social support from friends and family also plays a significant role in helping individuals cope with emotional distress.
Copyright (c) 2026 DWI NATASYA ISLAMIYAH http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
The Importance of instructional media in improving arabic language skills
Arabic language learning plays an important role in developing religious, academic, and global communication competencies. However, the implementation of Arabic language instruction in Indonesia continues to face several challenges, including low student motivation and the limited use of innovative teaching methods and learning media. This article aims to examine the urgency of learning media in improving Arabic language skills through theoretical and practical perspectives. The study employs a literature review method by analyzing various references related to Arabic learning media, learning theories, and their implementation in educational settings. The findings reveal that learning media hold a strategic role in enhancing student motivation, interaction, and overall learning effectiveness. Visual, audio, audiovisual, and technology-based digital media have proven effective in supporting the development of the four core Arabic language skills, namely listening (istima’), speaking (kalam), reading (qira’ah), and writing (kitabah). Furthermore, selecting appropriate media that align with learning objectives, student characteristics, and technological developments is essential for successful instruction. Therefore, continuous innovation in learning media and the enhancement of teachers’ technological competencies are necessary to create effective, engaging, and relevant Arabic language learning experiences in the digital era.
Copyright (c) 2026 dyas fajar astuti http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
The Humanitarian and Ecological Perspectives in the “UN Statement on Floods in Asia”
The devastating floods that struck Asia in December 2025, affecting regions including Aceh, North Sumatra, and West Sumatra, resulted in significant humanitarian losses and prompted the United Nations to issue an official statement addressing the situation. This study aims to analyze the humanitarian and ecological discourses embedded in the UN statement using a qualitative approach through discourse analysis. The primary data consist of the Statement attributable to the Spokesperson for the Secretary-General – on floods in Asia, examined to uncover linguistic constructions that represent human–environment relations and global solidarity. The findings indicate that the UN statement emphasizes empathy, condolences, and international solidarity, while simultaneously presenting an ecological narrative that frames the disaster within broader environmental instability. These results demonstrate that the UN constructs a discourse that blends humanitarian and ecological perspectives, aligning with the principles of ecological humanism. This study contributes to expanding disaster communication scholarship, particularly in understanding institutional discourse at the global level, and offers insight into how international organizations use language to frame ecological crises in the context of climate change.
Copyright (c) 2026 Nafiska Ariyani http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
The Role of Sharia Microfinance Institutions
The growth of Islamic financial institutions in Indonesia has played an increasingly important role in supporting community economic empowerment. One of the institutions contributing to this effort is Baitul Maal wat Tamwil (BMT), which performs both social and economic functions based on Islamic principles. This study aims to analyze the role of BMT Sarana Wiraswasta Muslim (BMT SWM) in Lowokwaru, Malang, in empowering the community's economy from the perspective of fiqh muamalah. This research employs a descriptive qualitative approach through literature review and field observation. The findings indicate that BMT SWM implements the values of fiqh muamalah through various Islamic contracts, including mudharabah, musyarakah, and qardhul hasan, in its financing and empowerment activities. In addition to providing financial support for micro-enterprises, BMT SWM also carries out social functions through the management of zakat, infaq, and sadaqah funds. The presence of BMT SWM has contributed to improving economic independence, reducing dependence on usury-based practices, and promoting fair economic activities in accordance with Islamic values. Therefore, BMT SWM plays a strategic role in fostering sustainable community economic empowerment.
Copyright (c) 2026 Alief Maulana Robby http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
The conversion of household organic waste into eco-enzymes as a means of reducing urban waste
The increasing population in urban areas has triggered a surge in household waste, especially organic waste, which has the potential to cause massive pollution, unpleasant odors, and increased greenhouse gas emissions. This article comprehensively discusses the utilization of organic waste into eco-enzymes as a sustainable and decentralized solution to reduce urban waste. Eco-enzymes are multipurpose liquids produced from the anaerobic fermentation process of organic waste (fruit peels and vegetable waste), carbohydrate sources, and water in a ratio of 3:1:10 for 90 days. Production at the household level has been proven to significantly reduce the volume of waste generated to the Final Disposal Site (TPA) while providing substantial ecological and economic benefits. Biochemically, this fermentation produces organic acids and complex enzymes (protease, amylase, lipase) that are highly applicable in environmental engineering. This liquid functions as a natural liquid organic fertilizer, antimicrobial cleaner, and water purification agent that effectively reduces the BOD and COD levels of domestic waste. This article also explores the reaction kinetics and organoleptic quality parameters. In conclusion, widespread education, behavioral shifts, and empowerment of environmentally conscious communities are crucial to maximizing the socio-economic impact of eco-enzymes as a key pillar of a circular and waste-free economy.
Copyright (c) 2026 Muhammad Tubagus Makmun http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
An Analysis of the Differences Between Qurban, Aqiqah, and Gifts from the Perspective of Islamic Law
Worship in Islam encompasses not only vertical (hablum minallah) dimensions but also horizontal (hablum minannas). Among the manifestations of worship that involve financial and social aspects are qurban, aqiqah, and gifts. Although all three involve the transfer of ownership or the slaughter of an animal with social impacts, there are fundamental differences in terms of law, due to sharia law, the timing of implementation, and their intended use. This article aims to comparatively analyze the differences between these three concepts from an Islamic legal perspective. Using a juridical-normative method with a literature study approach, the analysis results show that qurban is an annual worship related to Eid al-Adha, aqiqah is an expression of gratitude for the birth of a child, while gifts are voluntary gifts to strengthen ties of kinship without being bound by time or a specific type of commodity.
Copyright (c) 2026 Diah Suci Margareta http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Artificial Intelligence in Higher Education
The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into higher education is causing profound changes—both as a learning accelerator and as a challenge to students' cognitive development. This study examines the challenges of using AI technology to foster critical thinking in higher education. Through a systematic literature review, the article analyzes how overreliance on AI-based tools—such as large language models (LLMs)—can lead to "cognitive laziness," limit independent problem-solving processes, and impair analytical skills. The findings suggest that while AI offers efficiency in information retrieval and task automation, it also has the potential to generate confirmation bias and diminish the intensity of academic discourse if not properly regulated. Therefore, the study recommends redesigning pedagogy through user-centered blended learning methods, updating assessment tools based on higher-order thinking skills, and strengthening ethical competencies in dealing with AI. In this way, AI can be positioned as a dialogue partner, not a substitute for students' thinking processes.
Copyright (c) 2026 BUSHTANUL FAHMIYAH AL MASRUROH http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
The Role of the Qur’an in Shaping the Morals of Generation Z in the Digital Age
Globalization has had a significant impact on society, especially Generation Z, who are growing up amid the rapid development of digital technology and social media. Easy access to information brings positive effects in education, communication, and the dissemination of knowledge. However, it also presents challenges to the moral development of young people. The rise of consumerist lifestyles, declining communication ethics, the spread of negative information, and the lack of control in using social media have become issues that require serious attention. In this context, the Qur’an plays an important role as a guide for Muslims in shaping the morals of Generation Z so they can maintain good character in the era of globalization. This paper aims to examine the role of the Qur’an in forming the morals of Generation Z and the application of Qur’anic values in daily life. The method used is a literature review by utilizing various sources from books, journals, and academic literature. The results show that the Qur’an contains moral values such as honesty, responsibility, discipline, tolerance, and wisdom in using social media. These values can be applied through the habit of reading the Qur’an, improving religious understanding, and practicing Islamic ethics in both social and digital life, thereby forming a generation that is morally upright and responsible.
Copyright (c) 2026 Holida Tazkia Amalya http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Tabayyun as the Foundation of Digital Literacy Ethics
The rapid development of digital technology has opened significant opportunities for information access, while simultaneously worsening the phenomenon of hoax dissemination on social media. Data from the Ministry of Communication and Information Technology reveals that 12,547 hoax contents were handled between August 2018 and 2024, reflecting the severity of this threat to society. This study aims to examine the concept of tabayyun in the hadiths of Prophet Muhammad SAW and its relevance as an ethical solution to combat the spread of hoaxes in the digital era. The research employs a qualitative approach using library research methodology and thematic (maudhu'i) analysis of primary sources including the Qur'an and hadith collections, as well as secondary sources such as scientific journals and relevant books. The findings indicate that the concept of tabayyun, rooted in QS. Al-Hujurat verse 6 and reinforced by several prophetic hadiths, constitutes an epistemic and ethical principle that mandates information verification before acceptance and dissemination. The hadiths of tabayyun, including the prohibition of conveying everything one hears (HR. Bukhari-Muslim) and the exhortation to speak good or remain silent (HR. Bukhari), thematically form a comprehensive framework of Islamic information literacy. Therefore, the values of tabayyun are highly relevant for implementation as a foundation for digital literacy ethics in addressing the challenges of hoaxes in today's social media era.
Copyright (c) 2026 Kuni Nurol Choiriyah http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Socioeconomic Stratification in Educational Settings and Its Impact on Peer Selection
This study examines the phenomenon of socio-economic stratification in educational environments and its influence on peer selection. Educational settings are not only spaces for academic learning but also social interaction arenas where differences in economic background among individuals become visible. These differences often shape social patterns that tend to cluster based on similar socio-economic status. The aim of this study is to analyze how economic conditions influence social relationships and the process of peer selection among students. The research employs a descriptive qualitative approach using data collection techniques such as observation and simple interviews with several individuals in the educational environment. The findings indicate that economic factors influence the formation of peer groups, particularly in aspects of lifestyle, consumption patterns, and social activities. Individuals with relatively similar economic backgrounds tend to form closer social relationships more easily. However, economic status is not the sole determinant, as personality, values, and environmental factors also play significant roles in shaping friendships. Therefore, socio-economic stratification remains a real phenomenon in educational environments, although it is not always the absolute factor determining social interaction among students.
Copyright (c) 2026 alqi fikri latif http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Fostering moral character and ethical values among citizens through anti-corruption education
Corruption in Indonesia has transformed from a mere legal violation into a structural and cultural social pathology. Eradication efforts based on a penal legal approach have proven to suffer from structural fatigue and fail to address the root causes of the problem. This article comprehensively examines the role of Anti-Corruption Education (PAK) as a strategic preventive instrument for reconstructing moral character and civic ethics (civic virtue). Using a literature study method, this article analyzes how internalizing integrity values ​​can break the chain of normalization of corruption in society. The study results indicate that PAK is effective when implemented through a three-dimensional approach: moral cognition, moral affection, and moral action, supported by a transparent institutional ecosystem. Moral reconstruction through this educational pathway is a long-term investment in producing citizens with ethical immunity to corrupt behavior.
Copyright (c) 2026 Naila Alivia Alivia http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
National identity is often constructed as a single tool that romanticizes its static nature, aiming to unite the nation's diversity. However, in this era of globalization, where conditions are rife with social and economic inequality, this identity often clashes with the realities of life that are shaped by strata and class interests. This study aims to identify and re-examine the concept of Indonesian national identity from a Marxist critical perspective to see the distance between class structure and economic factors in influencing the strength of national identity. The method used is qualitative with a literature study approach and dialectical criticism. The results of the study indicate that national identity often functions as a "false consciousness" that obscures class confusion within society. Despite this, many found that Indonesia has a unique blend, namely the values ​​of social justice (the core of Marxist teachings) have been applied to the fifth principle of Pancasila. This study concludes that to transcend ideological barriers, national identity is not only understood as a cultural symbol, but must be realized in justice that has a real impact so that the identity has meaning for all social levels.
Copyright (c) 2026 Bagas Bintang Permadi http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Academic life in the Drama, Dance, and Music Education (Sendratasik) Study Program demands high physical and mental endurance through continuous, intensive training. Unlike other disciplines, performing arts requirements extend beyond cognitive aspects, simultaneously involving emotional, physical, and psychological dimensions. Grueling rehearsal schedules, pressure for flawless performances, and minimal recovery time trigger risks of mental health issues, such as emotional burnout, performance anxiety, and psychological burdens from perfectionism. This article examines the reality of training pressure on Sendratasik students, identifies its impacts, and outlines practical strategies for psychological balance. Using a descriptive-analytical approach based on art psychology literature, this study asserts that mental health and artistic dedication mutually support each other rather than being mutually exclusive. Through self-awareness, openness, and proper self-regulation, performing arts students can undergo their creative process holistically excelling on stage while remaining psychologically healthy.
Copyright (c) 2026 LOUIS PRAYOGA LOUIS http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
The Impact of Social Media as a Contributing Factor to Self-Diagnosis of Mental Disorders
This study aims to examine the influence of mental health content on social media on adolescents’ tendency to self-diagnose, as well to examine the resulting psychological and social impacts. The increasing use of social media among adolescents has triggered a new phenomenon: self-diagnosis, which is the act of diagnosing one’s own physical or mental health condition based on personal assumptions or information from the internet, such as social media, without consulting or seeking a professional diagnosis from a doctor, psychologist, or psychiatrist. This study used a qualitative descriptive approach with data collection techniques through reports, and relevant online news. The results show that mental health content on platforms such as TikTok, Instagram, and Twitter/X provides easy access to psychological information, but also encourages over-identification of symptoms of certain mental disorders without professional help, and even lead to the formation of negative identities in adolescents. This study aims to recommend the need for integrated mental health literacy in educational curricula and more responsible oversight of digital content.
Copyright (c) 2026 Najwa Binti Alwi http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
The Role of Transformational Leadership in Improving the Quality of Educational Institutions
Transformational leadership is a leadership model that is able to mobilize, inspire, and direct school members to achieve significant changes in improving the quality of educational institutions. This leadership encompasses four main dimensions: idealized influence, inspirational motivation, intellectual stimulation, and individual consideration. This enables the principal to carry out his or her role as an agent of change, an effective communicator, and able to build a positive organizational culture. In the context of educational institutions, transformational leadership plays a role in strengthening the school's vision and mission, improving teacher professionalism, building collaboration, and creating a conducive learning climate. Various studies explain that the role of school leaders has a significant impact on improving the quality of an educational institution, where transformational leadership has proven effective in driving quality improvement by strengthening teacher performance, developing school culture, and empowering the school community. Thus, transformational leadership is a strategic and relevant approach to improving the quality of educational institutions, especially amidst the challenges of change and increasingly high demands for quality education.
Copyright (c) 2026 Aulia Nailatul Fauza http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
The Historical Traces of the Hafs Qira'at in the Indonesian Archipelago
<div id="tw-container" class="nev7se" data-cp="1" data-nnttsvi="1" data-ntl-tooltip="true" data-sletp="false" data-sm="1" data-ssbp="true" data-sugg-time="500" data-sugg-url="https://clients1.google.com/complete/search" data-uilc="id" data-vil=",af,af-ZA,am,am-ET,ar-EG,ar-AE,ar-KW,ar-QA,ar,ar-IL,ar-JO,ar-LB,ar-PS,az,az-AZ,bg,bg-BG,bn,bn-BD,bn-IN,ca,ca-es,cs,cs-CZ,de,de-DE,de-CH,de-AT,de-LI,en,en-US,en-CA,en-AU,en-NZ,en-GB,en-IN,en-KE,en-TZ,en-NG,en-GH,en-PH,en-ZA,es,es-ES,es-AR,es-UY,es-419,es-BO,es-CL,es-CR,es-CO,es-DO,es-EC,es-GT,es-HN,es-NI,es-PA,es-PE,es-PR,es-PY,es-SV,es-VE,es-MX,es-US,eu,eu-ES,fi,fi-FI,fr,fr-FR,fr-CH,fr-BE,gl,gl-ES,gu,gu-IN,he,he-IL,iw,iw-IL,hu,hu-HU,hy,hy-AM,id,id-ID,is,is-IS,it,it-IT,it-CH,ja,ja-JP,jv,jv-ID,ka,ka-GE,km,km-KH,kn,kn-IN,ko,ko-KR,la,lo,lo-LA,lv,lv-LV,ml,ml-IN,mr,mr-IN,ms,ms-MY,nl,nl-NL,nb,nb-NO,ne,ne-NP,pl,pl-PL,pt,pt-BR,pt-PT,ro,ro-RO,ru,ru-RU,si-LK,sk,sk-SK,sr,sr-RS,su,su-ID,sv,sv-SE,sw,sw-TZ,sw-KE,ta,ta-IN,ta-SG,ta-LK,ta-MY,te,te-IN,tr,tr-TR,ur,ur-PK,ur-IN,yue,yue-HK,yue-Hant-HK,zh-HK,zh,zh-CN,zh-cmn,zh-cmn-CN,zh-Hans,zh-Hans-CN,zh-cmn-Hans,zh-cmn-Hans-CN,cmn-CN,cmn-Hans,cmn-Hans-CN,zh-TW,zh-Hant-TW,cmn-TW,cmn-Hant-TW,zh-cmn-TW,zh-cmn-Hant-TW,zu,zu-ZA,hi,hi-IN,tl,tl-PH,pa,pa-IN"> <div id="tw-container" class="nev7se" data-cp="1" data-nnttsvi="1" data-ntl-tooltip="true" data-sletp="false" data-sm="1" data-ssbp="true" data-sugg-time="500" data-sugg-url="https://clients1.google.com/complete/search" data-uilc="id" data-vil=",af,af-ZA,am,am-ET,ar-EG,ar-AE,ar-KW,ar-QA,ar,ar-IL,ar-JO,ar-LB,ar-PS,az,az-AZ,bg,bg-BG,bn,bn-BD,bn-IN,ca,ca-es,cs,cs-CZ,de,de-DE,de-CH,de-AT,de-LI,en,en-US,en-CA,en-AU,en-NZ,en-GB,en-IN,en-KE,en-TZ,en-NG,en-GH,en-PH,en-ZA,es,es-ES,es-AR,es-UY,es-419,es-BO,es-CL,es-CR,es-CO,es-DO,es-EC,es-GT,es-HN,es-NI,es-PA,es-PE,es-PR,es-PY,es-SV,es-VE,es-MX,es-US,eu,eu-ES,fi,fi-FI,fr,fr-FR,fr-CH,fr-BE,gl,gl-ES,gu,gu-IN,he,he-IL,iw,iw-IL,hu,hu-HU,hy,hy-AM,id,id-ID,is,is-IS,it,it-IT,it-CH,ja,ja-JP,jv,jv-ID,ka,ka-GE,km,km-KH,kn,kn-IN,ko,ko-KR,la,lo,lo-LA,lv,lv-LV,ml,ml-IN,mr,mr-IN,ms,ms-MY,nl,nl-NL,nb,nb-NO,ne,ne-NP,pl,pl-PL,pt,pt-BR,pt-PT,ro,ro-RO,ru,ru-RU,si-LK,sk,sk-SK,sr,sr-RS,su,su-ID,sv,sv-SE,sw,sw-TZ,sw-KE,ta,ta-IN,ta-SG,ta-LK,ta-MY,te,te-IN,tr,tr-TR,ur,ur-PK,ur-IN,yue,yue-HK,yue-Hant-HK,zh-HK,zh,zh-CN,zh-cmn,zh-cmn-CN,zh-Hans,zh-Hans-CN,zh-cmn-Hans,zh-cmn-Hans-CN,cmn-CN,cmn-Hans,cmn-Hans-CN,zh-TW,zh-Hant-TW,cmn-TW,cmn-Hant-TW,zh-cmn-TW,zh-cmn-Hant-TW,zu,zu-ZA,hi,hi-IN,tl,tl-PH,pa,pa-IN">Qira'at Hafs is the most widely used Qur'anic recitation narration in Indonesia, so in practice it is often considered the main standard reading. This condition makes the existence of other qira'at less visible in society even though historically Islam in the archipelago has recognized a diversity of reading traditions. This article aims to examine the early history of the introduction of Qira'at Hafs in the archipelago, explain the factors of Hafs' dominance, and compare it generally with several other qira'at. The research was conducted using a qualitative descriptive method based on a review of relevant reading literature. The results show three main findings. First, the entry of Qira'at Hafs into the archipelago is related to the da'wah journey and the scientific relations between Indonesian and Middle Eastern scholars, so this narration was accepted by the community earlier. Second, the dominance of Hafs is strengthened by its ease of reading, the role of Islamic boarding schools (pesantren) and madrasahs (madrasahs), and the spread of printed mushafs and da'wah media that widely use this narration. Third, a comparison with other qira'at shows several differences in reading choices, but Hafs is considered more stable and easier to apply in basic Qur'anic learning.
Copyright (c) 2026 Moh Hafiz Bahrun Nizam http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
The environmental pollution caused by synthetic plastic has encouraged the search for eco-friendly and halal-compliant packaging alternatives. One promising alternative is starch-based bioplastics derived from Indonesian local tubers. This study aims to evaluate the potential of six local tubers, namely purple yam (Dioscorea alata), taro (Colocasia esculenta), sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas), porang (Amorphophallus muelleri), canna (Canna edulis), and cassava (Manihot esculenta), as the basis for eco-halal bioplastics. This research employed a literature review method using national and international journals that focus on the development and characterization of bioplastics from these tubers. The results indicate that all tubers contain starch or glucomannan suitable for forming bioplastic films, primarily produced through casting techniques and enhanced with plasticizers (glycerol, sorbitol) and additives (chitosan, ZnO, cellulose acetate). Porang demonstrated the highest biodegradability, while cassava and purple yamexhibited optimal mechanical strength and flexibility. All materials were derived from plant-based sources, ensuring halal compliance. These local tuber-based bioplastics show promising potential as environmentally friendly, economical, and halal-certified food packaging solutions.
This article examines the role of self-awareness in mental health through a conceptual analysis based on literature review. Mental health is understood as the capacity to face life stressors, maintain adequate relationships, and still experience life as meaningful. Within this framework, self-awareness is positioned as the capacity to notice and reflect on thoughts, emotions, values, and behaviour. The discussion clarifies the conceptual distinction between mental health and self-awareness, then outlines four main dimensions of self-awareness, namely the cognitive, emotional, value and life purpose, and behavioural and social dimensions. The analysis indicates that self-awareness, when accompanied by self acceptance, supports emotion regulation, decision making about personal limits and help seeking, and a healthier meaning making process of difficult experiences. At the same time, excessive self focus without compassion can trigger rumination and harsh self judgment. The article offers a conceptual framework that may inform psychoeducation and future research in the Indonesian context.
Copyright (c) 2026 salsabila alya nurlaili http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
The Use of Waste and Natural Materials as Part of Efforts to Implement Green Chemistry
The increase in industrial activities and the use of synthetic chemicals can produce waste that has the potential to pollute the environment. The implementation of Green Chemistry has become one of the efforts to reduce these negative impacts through the use of environmentally friendly and low-waste materials. This article discusses the utilization of biomass waste and natural materials in supporting the implementation of green chemistry in various chemical processes. The article was written using a literature study method by reviewing various relevant scientific sources. The discussion focuses on the utilization of kawista shell waste as raw material for charcoal briquettes, the use of natural adsorbents in the treatment of Pb heavy metal waste, and the use of L-ascorbic acid as a natural reducing agent in the synthesis of reduced graphene oxide. The utilization of biomass waste and natural materials shows good potential as an environmentally friendly alternative because it can reduce the use of hazardous chemicals, minimize waste generation, and increase the value of organic waste into more useful products. The use of natural materials in chemical processes also supports more sustainable environmental management. The utilization of waste and natural materials can be an alternative in supporting the implementation of green chemistry in various fields of chemistry.
Copyright (c) 2026 Siti Juwita Nur Salma http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
The Dependence of Zakat Recipients in Productive Zakat Programs
The productive zakat program is expected to empower mustahik so that they are no longer dependent on aid, and can even transform into muzakki in the future. This study aims to analyze the level of dependency of mustahik on productive zakat assistance and identify problems in program implementation that hinder the achievement of mustahik's economic independence. This study uses a qualitative method with a descriptive approach to deeply understand the phenomenon of mustahik's dependency in the productive zakat program on MSME aid recipients. Primary data collection techniques include observation and interviews, while secondary data are from literature in the form of journals and articles. The results of the study indicate that the productive zakat program in Kasri Village, Pandaan District, Pasuruan Regency has provided benefits in helping the sustainability of mustahik businesses, especially small-scale MSMEs. However, the level of dependency of mustahik on aid is still quite high, as indicated by low independence in business management and income. The main factors influencing this condition include limited managerial capabilities, lack of intensive mentoring from zakat management institutions, and minimal market access and business development. Therefore, strengthening strategies are needed for mustahik independence.
Copyright (c) 2026 Jelita Dwiyanti http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
An Analysis of Bullying Issues Among Elementary School Students and Efforts to Address Them
The phenomenon of bullying in elementary schools has become a crucial obstacle that negatively impacts students' growth and development. This intimidation manifests in the form of physical, verbal, social, and psychological violence, carried out intentionally and repeatedly by parties who feel stronger against vulnerable students. This study aims to dissect the dynamics of bullying problems in early childhood and formulate management strategies through the synergy of teachers, parents, and school management. Through a literature review method examining various relevant scientific journals and books, the study reveals that the primary triggers of bullying stem from Lack of parental supervision, Fragile moral instillation, Peer group influences, Digital media exposure, and Weak institutional control within schools. The negative impacts of these actions do not merely damage the victims' mental health such as triggering anxiety and degrading self-confidence but also decrease academic achievement and ruin social relationships. Therefore, character reconstruction, the enforcement of strict school regulations, cross-sector collaboration, and counseling for both perpetrators and victims serve as the main pillars in establishing a safe, inclusive, and supportive school atmosphere.
Copyright (c) 2026 nuri azka sabila http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
An Analysis of Bullying Behavior Among Adolescents in the School Environment
Bullying is an aggressive behavior carried out intentionally and repeatedly against individuals considered weaker. Bullying in the school environment has become a serious problem because it causes physical, psychological, social, and academic impacts on victims. This study aims to analyze the forms of bullying behavior, causal factors, impacts, and prevention efforts among adolescents in schools. The research used a qualitative method through literature studies based on several journals related to bullying. The results show that bullying occurs in verbal, physical, social, emotional, and cyberbullying forms. Factors causing bullying include family environment, peer influence, social media, and lack of school supervision. The impacts of bullying cause victims to experience anxiety, low self-confidence, depression, social difficulties, and decreased academic achievement. Bullying prevention requires cooperation between schools, families, and communities through character education and anti-bullying socialization.
Copyright (c) 2026 Siti Mariska Wulandari http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
The contribution of young people to raising social awareness among the community in an effort to achieve a harmonious social life
The growth of information and communication technology in today's digital world has greatly impacted social life, especially how young Muslims in Indonesia build their social identity. Social media is not just a way to talk to each other; it’s also a place where people can create meaning, share their values, and decide how they want to show themselves to the world. This study looks at how social media affects the way young Muslims shape their social identity. Additionally, this study looks at how young people contribute to increasing social awareness to help build a more peaceful community. This study uses a qualitative approach, which means it looks at information from different journals and important earlier research. The discussion shows that social media can affect how young people develop their social identity in both good and bad ways. Social media can help share ideas of kindness, support, and caring for other people. But, on the flip side, using social media too much can make us more self-centered, confused about our identity, and cause less face-to-face interaction with others. Young people, as agents of social change, are very important in bringing public attention to important issues. They accomplish this by engaging in different social events, educating the community, and using digital media for good reasons. Things like family, education, social surroundings, and social media play important roles in shaping how aware young people are about social issues. So, we should focus on improving character education, encourage young people to get involved in their communities, and use social media in a smart way to create a peaceful and accepting society that has a strong feeling of togetherness.
Copyright (c) 2026 Dina Ramadhani http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Digital Transformation and Technology Adoption Patterns Among Generation Z
Digital transformation has significantly changed the lives of Generation Z, who have grown up alongside the rapid development of the internet, social media, and digital technologies. This study aims to analyze how digital transformation shapes Generation Z’s technology adaptation patterns and its impact on information literacy and social behavior. The research employs a qualitative descriptive approach through a literature review using various academic sources, including scientific journals, books, scholarly articles, and previous research findings. Data were analyzed through data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The findings indicate that Generation Z possesses a high level of technological adaptability, enabling them to utilize various digital platforms for learning, communication, and skill development. Digital transformation has also improved access to information and expanded social networks. However, these developments have generated several challenges, including technological dependency, exposure to misinformation and hoaxes, and a decline in the quality of face-to-face interactions. Therefore, strengthening information literacy is essential to help Generation Z critically evaluate, manage, and use information responsibly. Enhanced information literacy can support the effective and ethical use of technology while fostering healthier social interactions in the digital era.
Copyright (c) 2026 Nabila Harumnike Azzahroh http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
A Comprehensive Study of Zakat, Fasting, and the Hajj
Zakat, fasting, and the Hajj are the main acts of worship among the five pillars of Islam, serving to establish human relationships with God and with others. Zakat is a socio-economic act of worship to purify wealth and the soul, and to realize justice through the distribution of wealth to the deserving. Its types include zakat fitrah, wealth, agriculture, trade, and profession, which are obligatory if the requirements of nisab, haul, and full ownership are met. Fasting during the month of Ramadan is an act of worship that involves abstaining from eating, drinking, and other things that invalidate the fast from dawn to sunset. This act of worship trains self-control, patience, and piety, as well as benefits health and increases gratitude. The Hajj is the highest form of worship physically, mentally, and spiritually, obligatory for those who are able to perform the pillars in Mecca. Its purpose is to perfect the pillars of Islam, strengthen monotheism, erase sins, and strengthen brotherhood among the people without distinction of status. This study aims to understand the meaning, requirements, types, and special features of these three acts of worship. The results show that they are not merely rituals, but have real impacts on social, economic, health, and spiritual aspects, forming pious individuals and a just and harmonious society.
Copyright (c) 2026 Ummu Tasliyah http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
The Strategic Role of Religion in Shaping Social Values and Social Stability in the Modern Era
Religion is a belief system that plays a vital role in human life, both as a spiritual guide and as a regulator of social life. Religion serves to shape societal values, norms, and behavior through moral teachings such as honesty, responsibility, tolerance, and social awareness. In social life, religion serves as a guide to life, a tool of social control, a unifying force, a source of motivation, and a means of developing individual character. Furthermore, religion also has educational, integrative, and transformative functions, as well as fostering social identity, supporting a harmonious and civilized social life. In the modern era, religion faces various challenges, such as globalization, technological and social media developments, increasing individualism and materialism, and a lack of in-depth religious understanding. These challenges can impact the application of religious values ​​in daily life. Therefore, strengthening religious education, improving digital literacy, and fostering the role of families and communities in instilling religious values ​​are necessary to ensure their relevance in the face of changing times. Thus, religion can continue to serve as a moral and spiritual foundation for building a peaceful and prosperous society.
Copyright (c) 2026 Ririn Widyawati http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
The Concept of “Halalan Thayyiban” Food in the Qur’an and Its Relevance to Physical Health
The concept of consumption in Islam does not merely rely on fulfilling biological needs but represents a holistic integration involving spiritual dimensions, legal formality, and material health. This study aims to analyze in depth the semantic review of the three pillars of words: kulu (consumption), halal (legality of ingredients), and thayyib (quality of goodness) based on Surah Al-Baqarah verse 168, to identify the substantive requirements of good food, and to formulate its empirical relevance to physical and spiritual vitality. The method used in this article is a literature review (library research) with a content and semantic analysis approach toward holy texts and nutritional health literature. The results show that Surah Al-Baqarah: 168 establishes dual standards in consumption: formal-legal standards (halal) and health-quality standards (thayyib). Semantically, halal refers to anything released from the bonds of Sharia prohibition (al-ibahah), while thayyib encompasses aspects of purity, optimal nutritional value, process hygiene, and freedom from doubtful elements (shubhat). Neglecting the thayyib aspect has tangible implications for the decline of modern generational health, including metabolic dysfunction and early-onset degenerative diseases. Conversely, fulfilling the halalan thayyiban criteria directly contributes to preventing diseases from pathogenic bacteria, optimizing brain function (neuroplasticity), hormonal balance, and emotional-spiritual stability. This study concludes that halalan thayyiban is a preventive-holistic approach that sustainably unifies human physical and mental health.
Copyright (c) 2026 Selvia anjany http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Accounting Transformation in the Digital Age
Digital transformation has brought significant changes in various fields, including accounting practices and financial system management. The digitalization of financial systems enables the processes of recording, processing, and reporting financial data to be carried out more quickly, accurately, and in an integrated manner. This study aims to analyze the influence of financial system digitalization on the improvement of transparency and accountability in financial reporting. The research employs a qualitative approach through literature review of various academic sources related to the development of digital accounting. The findings indicate that the implementation of digital-based financial systems can improve the quality of accounting information, facilitate monitoring processes, and strengthen transparency in financial reporting. In addition, digitalization also enhances accountability because financial data can be accessed, traced, and verified more easily. Therefore, the transformation of accounting through financial system digitalization becomes an important factor in creating transparent, accountable, and reliable financial management in the digital era.
Copyright (c) 2026 Hanifah Aulia Maulidina http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
The Implementation of Religious Values in Social Life
The implementation of religious values in social life plays an important role in shaping balanced behavior and social interactions within society. Religious teachings serve as guidelines in fostering mutual respect, honesty, social awareness, and responsibility within the community. This study aims to understand how religious values are applied in social life and their influence on interactions among individuals. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative with a literature review and social observation approach. The results show that the implementation of religious values can be reflected through mutual respect, cooperation, maintaining harmony, and increasing moral awareness among society. However, the application of religious values in social contexts still faces challenges such as the impact of modernization and decreasing social empathy. Therefore, the active role of families, educational institutions, and community leaders is needed to strengthen religious values in order to create a balanced and ethical social life.
Copyright (c) 2026 Syahgita Zalfa http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Morphology of papaya fruit and seeds (Carica papaya)
Papaya (Carica papaya L.) is a tropical fruit plant that is widely used because of its important role as a food source and its economic value. The fruit and seeds of papaya have unique morphological characteristics that are important to understand for plant identification, classification, and agricultural learning. This writing aims to describe the morphology of papaya fruit and seeds in a clear and simple way. The discussion focuses on the visible characteristics of the outer and inner parts of the fruit as well as the shape and structure of the seeds. The results show that papaya is a fleshy fruit with different shapes, ranging from round to elongated, depending on the variety and flower type. The fruit has a smooth outer surface, yellow to orange flesh when ripe, and a central cavity filled with many seeds. Papaya seeds are small, oval-shaped, dark in color when fully mature, and covered by a thin slippery layer. These features become the main characteristics that make papaya easy to recognize. Understanding the morphology of papaya fruit and seeds can provide useful basic information for plant recognition, learning activities, and further studies related to papaya plants.
Copyright (c) 2026 Salwa Nadira Aulia http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
An Analysis of Character Education Values in the Animated Film *Upin and Ipin*
This article provides a comprehensive and in-depth examination of the character education values contained in the animated series "Upin & Ipin" and their relevance as an external learning medium for early childhood. This article employs a descriptive qualitative approach using text analysis, discourse analysis, and critical literature review to identify various character values represented through the actions, dialogue, and social interactions of the characters in the Kampung Durian Runtuh setting. The findings reveal that the "Upin & Ipin" series consistently integrates key character pillars, including religious values, honesty, tolerance, discipline, hard work, independence, curiosity, and social responsibility. This interdisciplinary analysis confirms that the integration of educational visual media with appropriate guidance strategies can be strategically optimized as an effective external learning tool to support the constructive stimulation of moral development and character building in young children in the digital age.
Copyright (c) 2026 Rustiyana yana http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
The Merdeka Curriculum in Islamic Religious Education
Islamic Education Transformation in the era of the Merdeka Curriculum encourages madrasahs to integrate Islamic values with learning approaches that are aligned with the demands of the 21st century. This study aims to analyze the implementation of the Merdeka Curriculum in Islamic Religious Education (PAI) learning, focusing on differentiated learning, the role of diagnostic assessment, and the dynamics of adaptation within the madrasah environment. The method employed is descriptive qualitative research through literature review and educational document analysis. The findings indicate that differentiated learning is capable of accommodating differences in students' learning styles and readiness in understanding PAI materials. Furthermore, regularly conducted diagnostic assessments assist teachers in mapping students' initial abilities, enabling learning strategies to be designed more accurately and effectively. The implementation of this curriculum also provides opportunities for students to develop critical thinking, creativity, collaboration, and communication skills that are in line with the Pancasila Student Profile and Islamic values in daily life. However, the implementation of the Merdeka Curriculum in madrasahs still faces several challenges, particularly regarding teachers' pedagogical readiness, limited supporting facilities, and the adaptation process to the new evaluation system. Therefore, continuous observation and evaluation of the learning process are necessary to maintain academic quality while strengthening spiritual values within the madrasah environment.
Copyright (c) 2026 Wulandari Wulan Wulandari http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Akuntabilitas pengelolaan dana organisasi mahasiswa sebagai praktik anti-korupsi
Student organizations are understood as spaces for learning leadership, responsibility, and financial governance that require administrators to manage funds in an orderly, transparent, and accountable manner. This study uses a descriptive qualitative method with a literature review approach. Data were obtained from journals, scientific articles, and academic documents relevant to accountability, transparency, student organization fund management, governance, and anti-corruption education. The results show that accountability in student organization fund management is reflected through budget planning, transaction recording, accountability report preparation, information transparency, and internal supervision. Transparency mechanisms are carried out through periodic reporting, openness of financial documents, accountability forums, the use of digital media, and the involvement of members and advisors in supervision. Accountability serves as an anti-corruption practice because it limits the abuse of authority, reduces opportunities for fund manipulation, and builds a culture of honesty, integrity, discipline, and responsibility within student organizations. Therefore, accountable fund management not only strengthens members’ trust but also becomes a medium for character education that encourages students to practice transparent, ethical, and anti-corrupt behavior consistently and measurably in every student organization activity.
Copyright (c) 2026 Siti Rahma http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Mengulas tragedi di balik keputusan fatal
Suicide, often considered a last resort, is a pressing humanitarian issue in today's academic environment. This article examines in detail the psychological and sociological dynamics that drive people into deep despair. Using a qualitative case study, it demonstrates how external pressures, such as academic demands, and internal vulnerabilities such as emotional instability interact to trigger severe stress. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with relevant stakeholders and supplemented by a review of academic literature. The study's findings highlight that the integration of the strong Ulul Albab character at UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang has proven to be an effective moral and psychological anchor for students. The harmonious balance between intellectuality, spiritual depth, and moral integrity has been shown to strengthen students' mental resilience in facing various life crises. These findings highlight the importance of rebuilding empathetic social support systems and providing counseling services based on transcendental values. These preventative measures are crucial for reducing the risk of destructive behavior among young people while creating a campus ecosystem that is humane, safe, and supportive of holistic mental health.
Copyright (c) 2026 nur dwi herdiana http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
The constitution holds a central position in Indonesia's state system as the highest law governing national and state life. This study discusses the role of the constitution, particularly the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia, in guaranteeing human rights (HR) in Indonesia. This study analyzes how the constitution functions as a fundamental basis for the protection of human rights. Human rights are guaranteed in the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia in Chapter XA, Articles 28A-28J, which include civil and political rights, as well as economic, social, and cultural rights. To implement human rights, an authorized institution is required to enforce the constitution; in Indonesia, this institution is the Constitutional Court (CC). The Constitutional Court acts as a protector of the constitution and also human rights because the Constitutional Court safeguards the rights of citizens and state policies.
Copyright (c) 2026 Ahmad Firdaus Alvyando http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Pengaruh emotional intelligence terhadap pengambilan keputusan mahasiswa generazi z di era digital
The main focus of this research is to analyze the contribution and impact of Emotional Intelligence on the decision-making process among Generation Z students in the digital era. The development of digital technology and social media has various impacts on students’ emotional conditions, such as stress, social anxiety, Fear of Missing Out (FOMO), and impulsive behavior in decision-making. The literature review approach within a qualitative methodology framework is used as the main instrument in carrying out this research, which is taken from various journals and books, and previous studies related to Emotional Intelligence and student decision-making. The results of the study show that emotional intelligence has an important influence in helping students control emotions, think rationally, reduce impulsive behavior, and improve social communication and problem-solving skills. The five components of Emotional Intelligence, namely self-awareness, self-regulation, motivation, empathy, and social skills, have an important role in improving the quality of decision-making among Generation Z students in the digital era. Students with high Emotional Intelligence tend to be more capable of dealing with social media pressure, controlling emotions, and considering the impacts of decisions carefully. A wiser and more responsible attitude in anticipating challenges in the digital era can be realized by students through efforts to form and develop optimal Emotional Intelligence.
Copyright (c) 2026 diva dewi anggani fandy http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
The format of Islmaic law as we know it today is the result of a systematic process of unification and codification that has been ongoing since the time of the Companions (sahabah) through the era of Imam al-Shafi’i. This paper aims to examine the historical synamics of the ormation of this law, the vital role of the Principles of Islamic law (Usuliyah) and the Principles of Islamic jurisprudence (Fiqhiyyah) as instruments for the exploration of evidence, and its impact on Islamic civilization. This study finds that the standardization of rules by the four main schools of thought (mazhab) in the past successfully created legal product actually triggered a false sense of saticfaction that gave rise to an intellectual stagnation in the medieval period, where academic activicty revolved solely around writing annotations (syarah) and the emergence of the myth of the end of the era of ijtihad. This tagnation was only broken after modern thinkers revitalized the reasoning of ijtihad to address contemporary issues. In Indonesia, this spirit of unifocation of Islamic law was formally adapted into the national legal system to ensure legal perotection for the community, which is manifested, among other things, through regulation on marriage and religious courts.
Copyright (c) 2026 Andina Vita Aulia http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Malaria is an infectious disease caused by Plasmodium parasites transmitted through the bite of female Anopheles mosquitoes. Four major species infect humans: P. falciparum, P. vivax, P. malariae, and P. ovale, with P. falciparum being the most dangerous due to its potential to cause severe complications and death. Quinine, an alkaloid derived from the bark of the Cinchona tree, was the first antimalarial drug proven effective against all Plasmodium species. Its primary mechanism involves inhibiting the detoxification of heme into hemozoin within the parasite’s food vacuole, leading to toxic heme accumulation and parasite death. Despite its effectiveness, quinine use is often associated with side effects known as cinchonism, characterized by tinnitus, visual disturbances, nausea, vomiting, and in severe cases, hypoglycemia, arrhythmias, and blackwater fever. Currently, quinine has largely been replaced by artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT), which offers greater efficacy and improved patient compliance. Nevertheless, quinine remains relevant as an alternative treatment, particularly in severe malaria when intravenous artesunate is unavailable or during the first trimester of pregnancy. Thus, quinine continues to serve as an important reserve drug in regions with limited access to modern therapies.
Copyright (c) 2026 Tiara Arisyanda Aprillia http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Etika dan moral dalam perspektif pendidikan islam
This article discusses the concepts of ethics and morality from the perspective of Islamic education as fundamental pillars in shaping human character. In Islamic education, ethics and morality are not merely behavioral standards but are manifestations of faith-based values rooted in the Qur'an and the Sunnah The rapid advancement of social life and technology has given rise to various moral challenges, making it essential to strengthen value-based Islamic education so that it remains relevant in contemporary society. This article aims to examine the role of Islamic education in fostering ethical and moral development among learners, enabling them to grow into individuals with noble character. It also evaluates the various approaches and methods employed in the educational process. The discussion focuses on the systematic and continuous integration of Islamic values into educational activities. Through this study, a deeper understanding is sought regarding the role of educators as role models, the importance of habituating positive attitudes and behaviors, and the cultivation of spiritual values in character development. Islamic education serves not only as a means of transmitting knowledge but also as an instrument for building students' character based on Islamic principles. Therefore, Islamic education is expected to provide effective solutions to moral challenges in the modern era and contribute to the development of individuals who uphold strong moral values in their daily lives.
Copyright (c) 2026 Bariza Fithri Ummi Faliha http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Presuposisi dalam Pidato Perdana Purbaya Yudhi Sebagai Menkeu pada Platform Nusantara TV
This research digs into the kinds and spread of presuppositions in Purbaya Yudhi Sadewa’s first speech as Indonesia’s Finance Minister. Using a qualitative descriptive approach, the study identifies five types of presuppotitions: existential, lexical, factive, structural, and non-factual. Turns out, existential presuppositions show up the most, highlighting institutions, economic situations, and government duties. The others pop up less often, but they help tighten up the arguments. In the end, the research shows how presuppotitions work as a subtle but powerful way to build authority, legitimacy, and persuasive force in political speeches.
Copyright (c) 2026 Dwi Ananda Putri http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Nilai-nilai birrul walidain dalam al-Qur an
This study analyzes the values of birrul walidain in the Qur'an through a tafsir study of QS. Al-Isra’ verses 23–24 and their relevance to the lives of today’s youth. The study is based on the declining attitude of respect and care among teenagers toward their parents due to the influence of technological advancement and social media. The method applied is qualitative research using a library research approach. The research data were obtained from tafsir books, academic journals, books, and previous studies discussing birrul walidain and moral education in Islam. Data were collected through literature reviews from Google Scholar, ResearchGate, and UIN repositories. The data were then analyzed through the processes of collecting, classifying, and interpreting information relevant to the focus of the study. The results of the study indicate that QS. Al-Isra’ verses 23–24 contain the values of birrul walidain, such as respecting parents, showing affection, speaking politely, and the obligation to pray for one’s parents. The mufassirs also emphasize that honoring parents is a primary responsibility after believing in and affirming the oneness of Allah SWT. These values remain highly relevant to be implemented in the lives of today’s youth in order to develop polite, responsible, and morally upright character.
Copyright (c) 2026 Zahwa Hakim http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Mudharabah perspektif fikih klasik dan implementasinya dalam ekonomi syariah
Mudharabah is a form of partnership in Islamic economics based on the principle of profit-sharing between the capital provider (rabb al-mal) and the business manager (mudharib). This concept has a strong foundation in the Qur'an, the Sunnah, and the consensus of Islamic scholars, and aims to achieve justice, collaboration, and an equitable distribution of risk without the presence of usury. The objective of this study is to examine the understanding of mudharabah in classical fiqh, the views of various schools of Islamic jurisprudence regarding the mudharabah contract, as well as its application and various challenges in today’s Islamic economy. The methodology employed is a literature review involving the analysis of various sources in the fields of fiqh and Islamic economics. The findings of this study indicate that all schools of Islamic jurisprudence recognize the validity of the mudharabah contract, although there are some differences regarding business management, profit sharing, and liability for losses. In current practice, mudharabah has been applied in various Islamic banking products and financial services, such as savings accounts, deposits, business financing, and Islamic fintech services. However, its implementation still faces a number of challenges, including complexity in profit sharing, integration with the international financial system, a lack of adequate regulation, low public understanding of Islamic economics, and advancements in digital technology. Therefore, improvements in policy, transparency, technological innovation, and public education are needed so that the mudharabah contract can function effectively in supporting fair and sustainable Islamic economic growth.
Copyright (c) 2026 Khurfatul Jannah http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
The digital era has a dual impact on young people, offering easier access to information and communication while also causing reduced face-to-face interaction, weaker empathy, cyberbullying, hoaxes, plagiarism, and digital addiction. This study aims to analyze the influence of the digital era on youth character and explain the urgency of character education as a buffer against the negative effects of digitalization. This research uses a qualitative approach with a literature study method. Data were collected from scientific journals, books, academic articles, and educational policy documents, then analyzed through data reduction, data presentation, verification, and conclusion drawing. The findings show that character education plays an important role in shaping integrity, responsibility, discipline, empathy, religiosity, and social ethics among young people. Strengthening strategies include digital literacy, social media ethics, religious values-based learning, habituation of discipline and responsibility, adult role modeling, and social and mutual cooperation activities. Therefore, synergy among schools, families, and communities is the key to forming an integrity-based and wise generation in facing the challenges of the digital era.
Copyright (c) 2026 Ismaul Qoyim http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Tinjauan hukum ekonomi syariah terhadap persaingan usaha pada marketplace digital di Indonesia
The rapid expansion of digital marketplaces in Indonesia has intensified competition within the digital economy. Platforms such as Shopee, Tokopedia, and TikTok Shop employ strategies including discounts, cashback, free shipping, and flash sales to attract consumers and increase market share. While these practices stimulate economic growth, foster service innovation, and broaden market access for micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs), they also pose risks. Unhealthy competition may arise in the form of predatory pricing, market dominance, and algorithmic manipulation, potentially harming smaller businesses and consumers. This study aims to analyze competitive practices in digital marketplaces and assess their compliance with the principles of Islamic economic law. Using a normative juridical method with statutory and conceptual approaches, the research draws upon legislation, scholarly works, and Islamic legal literature. The findings indicate that competition in digital marketplaces is permissible under Islamic economic law, provided it is conducted honestly, fairly, and transparently, without elements of gharar (uncertainty), tadlis (fraud), or monopolistic practices detrimental to others. Effective regulatory oversight and adherence to Islamic business ethics are therefore essential to ensure a healthy, just, and sustainable digital trade ecosystem.
Copyright (c) 2026 Rani Fitria http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Sinergi digitalisasi dan etika kecerdasan buatan (AI) dalam tata kelola institusi islam
In today’s world, technology is developing rapidly, especially with the advent of artificial intelligence (AI) This opens up opportunities for numerous innovations, but also poses complex ethical challenges for islamic institutions. This study aims to examine how technology can be used in islamic instituitions, focusing on three main aspects: developing digital policies for education, using Generative AI to manage finances, and understanding islamic law regarding the use of AI. This study uses qualitative methods by studying existing literature and analyzing its concepts through a Maqashid Sharia system approach. The result indicate that dveloping robust digital policies for educational services in islamic universities is crucial for improving service quality and ensuring qualified graduates, provided they are supported by good infrastructure. Furthermore, the use of Generative AI can make the financial management of islamic institutions more effective and efficient by simplifying reporting and budget projections. However, the use of this technology must be in accordance with islamic values, particularly regarding the protection of property and lives, to avoid cyber risks and algorithmic bias. This study concludes that islamic institutions need to create adaptive governance systems while adhering to islamic ethics to survive in this ever-changing era.
'Aisyah Indana Zulfa Al Hurriyah Sasa Hurriyah
Copyright (c) 2026 'Aisyah Indana Zulfa Al Hurriyah Sasa Hurriyah http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Rekonstruksi tata kelola zakat berbasis good governance untuk meningkatkan trust muzakki
The reconstruction of zakat governance through the implementation of good governance principles is considered an important strategy in strengthening muzakki trust toward zakat management institutions. This study aims to examine how the application of good governance principles at BAZNAS Kota Malang influences public trust and to formulate more effective and professional zakat governance strategies. This research applied a qualitative method using a descriptive-analytical approach. The findings reveal that the implementation of good governance principles such as transparency, accountability, professionalism, and the use of digital technology significantly contributes to increasing muzakki trust in distributing zakat through official institutions. Financial transparency, regular publication of programs, and improved service quality were identified as the main factors in building public confidence. However, some people still prefer to distribute zakat directly to mustahik because they believe it is more targeted and its benefits can be monitored more directly. Therefore, strengthening zakat governance remains necessary through improving institutional accountability, optimizing digital platforms, enhancing the quality of human resources, and developing sustainable empowerment programs for mustahik so that zakat management can be carried out more effectively, responsibly, and sustainably in improving social welfare.
Copyright (c) 2026 Evana Justine Nur Aisyah, Guntur Kusuma Wardana http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Efektivitas pengelolaan zakat dan wakaf dalam program pemberdayaan masyarakat
The management of zakat and waqf plays an important role in supporting community empowerment and improving social welfare. Along with the times, the management of zakat and waqf is not only consumptive in nature, but is also directed towards productive programs that are able to provide long-term benefits for the community. The management of zakat and waqf carried out professionally can also increase public trust in zakat management institutions. In addition, the optimization of zakat and waqf fund management is expected to be able to become a solution in reducing social inequality and increasing the community's economic independence sustainably.This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of zakat and waqf management in community empowerment programs at LAZ PERSADA Malang.This research uses a qualitative approach with data collection techniques through observation and direct interviews with the institution.The results show that zakat management has been carried out systematically, including collection, calculation, and distribution to beneficiaries. In addition, productive waqf management through programs such as plantations, production businesses, and social services provides long-term benefits for the community. However, its effectiveness still faces challenges, particularly low public literacy regarding zakat and the tendency to distribute zakat independently. Therefore, it is necessary to improve public education, optimize digital technology, and strengthen human resources to enhance the effectiveness of zakat and waqf management in supporting community empowerment.
Copyright (c) 2026 Robby'atul Addawiyah, Guntur Kusuma Wardana http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Indonesia’s Geostrategy in the Papua Region
Papua has a strategic geographical position as an international trade route for Indonesia in the Pacific region; however, its utilization remains limited due to various geographical barriers. This paper identifies several issues, including the low optimization of eastern trade routes, prolonged social conflict, illegal fishing practices that damage marine ecosystems, and development inequality in infrastructure between western and eastern Indonesia. This study uses a geostrategic and geopolitical review combined with an analysis of marine resources, agriculture, livestock, and mining to formulate policy recommendations. The findings show that Papua is rich in coral reefs, marine biodiversity, fertile agricultural and livestock potential, and significant oil and copper resources. Its waters provide access to trade routes leading to the South China Sea, Africa, and the Indian Ocean. To realize this potential, equitable development of road and port infrastructure, stronger logistical connectivity, conflict resolution through customary dialogue and inclusive programs, and enhanced maritime patrols and monitoring technology are needed to address illegal fishing. The implementation of these strategies is expected to reduce logistics costs, improve local welfare, and strengthen Indonesia’s geopolitical position in the Pacific region.
Copyright (c) 2026 Fiqwiya Najma Masrura http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Persoalan-persoalan masyarakat yang memilih untuk tidak mengakses pembiayaan kredit usaha rakyat
People’s Business Credit (Kredit Usaha Rakyat/KUR) is a government program aimed at increasing access to financing for Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs). However, in practice, many MSME actors still prefer using online loans rather than KUR. This study aims to identify the factors that cause MSME actors to prefer online loans over People’s Business Credit. This research uses a qualitative research method with descriptive specifications and a normative-sociological approach. The data sources were obtained through library research, including laws and regulations, scientific journals, books, and various other literature relevant to the study. The results of the study indicate that several factors cause MSME actors to prefer online loans over KUR. These factors include the requirement that businesses must have operated for at least six months, the lengthy process of KUR application and disbursement, complicated administrative procedures, low public financial literacy, and poor credit history that affects KUR eligibility through the Financial Information Service System (SLIK) checking process. On the other hand, online loans are considered easier to access, have a faster process, and require simpler administrative requirements. Based on the findings, it can be concluded that administrative and procedural barriers in accessing KUR are the main reasons why MSME actors prefer online loans. Therefore, it is necessary to simplify KUR application procedures, improve public financial literacy, and optimize financing services so that access to KUR can become more effective and well-targeted for MSME actors.
Copyright (c) 2026 Alfan Nasrulloh Wijaya http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Analisis pemanfaatan kalkulator zakat online dalam mendukung inovasi layanan zakat digital
The rapid evolution of information technology has prompted zakat management organizations to integrate digital platforms into their operations. This shift is primarily driven by the need to optimize public accessibility and streamline administrative efficiency. One of the innovations introduced is the online zakat calculator, which allows users to automatically calculate their zakat obligations based on income or wealth. This research examines the implementation of an online zakat calculator as a digital service innovation within LAZISMU Malang City. Utilizing a qualitative case study design, this investigation gathers empirical insights through a dual-method approach. Data collection involves a comprehensive digital audit of the functionalities available on the institution's official website, complemented by in-depth interviews with key administrators to capture internal operational perspectives. The results indicate that the online zakat calculator helps muzaki determine the amount of zakat more easily and practically while also supporting public understanding of zakat calculation based on Islamic principles.
Copyright (c) 2026 Dwy Septiani, Guntur Kusuma Wardana http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Integrasi matematika dan al-qur’an perspektif pemikiran islam
Although many people view mathematics and religion as two separate fields, Islam actually integrates science with the values ​​of faith. This article aims to examine how mathematics can be harmonized with the Quran through the lens of Islamic thought, and to explore the mathematical concepts contained in the holy book. The approach used is literature review, examining Quranic verses containing mathematical elements and referring to the views of Muslim scholars. The results of this research indicate that the Quran includes the concepts of integers and fractions, arithmetic operations such as addition, subtraction, and multiplication, as well as unique number patterns, with the number 19 being particularly important. Mathematics also plays a crucial role in practicing Islamic worship, such as determining the direction of the Qibla, calculating zakat (alms), settling inheritance distribution, and establishing the Hijri calendar. Throughout history, Islamic civilization has made significant contributions to the development of global mathematics through Muslim scientists such as Al-Khawarizmi, who discovered the concepts of algebra and algorithms. From an Islamic perspective, mathematics is viewed as the language of the cosmos, as stated by Allah SWT in the Qur'an. Al-Qamar: 49 states that all creatures were created in a specific measure. Therefore, mathematics and the Quran are closely related, making studying mathematics one way for Muslims to understand the greatness of Allah SWT.
Copyright (c) 2026 Siti Rahmawati http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Penerapan Teori Perkembangan Kognitif Jean Piaget dalam kehidupan sehari-hari
Jean Piaget’s cognitive development theory is widely recognized as an important foundation for understanding how human thinking develops from childhood to adolescence. This study aims to examine the application of Jean Piaget’s cognitive development theory in daily life and to understand how each stage of development affects the way individuals learn, solve problems, and respond to their surroundings. This study uses a descriptive approach by reviewing the main concepts of Piaget’s theory, including the sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, and formal operational stages. The discussion shows that cognitive growth happens gradually and is shaped by experiences gained through interaction with the environment. In everyday situations, this theory can be applied to parenting styles, learning activities at school, children’s understanding of rules, and decision-making abilities according to developmental stages. In addition, understanding cognitive development can help parents and educators adjust communication and learning methods to make them easier for children to understand. Therefore, proper understanding of Piaget’s theory can support thinking development more effectively, helping individuals grow according to their developmental stage and become better prepared to face challenges in everyday life.
Copyright (c) 2026 Nabillah Hubbiy http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
The Use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the Development of Library Services
The shift in academic library operations from traditional to digital methods presents complex challenges, particularly regarding the effectiveness of reference services and circulation efficiency. Key issues include reduced direct interaction between librarians and patrons, high administrative burdens, and limited human resources and infrastructure to meet the demands of the digital era. This study uses a qualitative literature review approach to explore the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) as a solution to these issues. The findings indicate that AI technology, through chatbots, recommendation systems, Natural Language Processing (NLP), and RFID integration, can provide interactive, personalized, and sustainable digital reference services, while accelerating and improving the accuracy of circulation automation. Recommended solutions include improving librarians' digital literacy, strengthening data protection policies, and building inclusive infrastructure to ensure equitable AI implementation across various types of libraries. In conclusion, AI does not replace the role of librarians, but rather strengthens the transformation of academic libraries into smart libraries that are responsive, efficient, and user-oriented in the digital era.
Copyright (c) 2026 Cleodora Fitriana Winarto http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
This study discusses ethical Sufism based on the thoughts of Hasan al-Basri, Al-Muhasibi, Al-Qusyairi, and Al-Ghazali as important figures in the development of Islamic spirituality. This research aims to understand the concept of ethical Sufism and its relevance to modern life. The method used in this study is library research with a qualitative descriptive approach. The results show that ethical Sufism focuses on purification of the soul, self-control over desires, and the formation of noble character. Hasan al-Basri emphasized asceticism and awareness of the hereafter, Al-Muhasibi prioritized self-introspection or muhasabah, Al-Qusyairi emphasized the harmony between Sufism and Islamic law, while Al-Ghazali integrated Sufism, sharia, and morality systematically. These values remain relevant in modern life as solutions to moral crises, materialism, and the decline of spiritual awareness in society. Ethical Sufism not only functions as a spiritual teaching but also as a guideline for building human character according to Islamic teachings.
Copyright (c) 2026 Siska Dwiyanti http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Al-Qur'an serves as a guide for Muslims, containing various moral values that lay the groundwork for shaping individual character in daily life. These moral principles include honesty, accountability, patience, helping one another, respecting parents, and speaking kindly to others. However, advancements in technology and social media have transformed the ways in which society thinks and communicates, particularly among Generation Z. The prevalence of harsh language, sarcasm, and disrespectful remarks is increasingly observed both in everyday situations and online. Therefore, understanding the moral values presented in the Al-Qur'an is crucial for application in contemporary life. The aim of this research is to examine the moral values from the perspective of the Al-Qur'an and their relevance to today’s society. The approach taken is thematic interpretation (tafsīr maudū‘ī), where verses from the Al-Qur'an related to moral values are gathered and then analyzed descriptively. The findings indicate that the Al-Qur'an places a strong emphasis on the significance of maintaining morals and behavior in social interactions. The moral values found in the Al-Qur'an can serve as guidelines for individuals to foster good character, establish harmonious social relationships, and uphold ethics in communication and interaction with others. The aim of this research is to examine the moral values from the perspective of the Al-Qur'an and their relevance to today’s society. The approach taken is thematic interpretation (tafsīr maudū‘ī), where verses from the Al-Qur'an related to moral values are gathered and then analyzed descriptively. The findings indicate that the Al-Qur'an places a strong emphasis on the significance of maintaining morals and behavior in social interactions. The moral values found in the Al-Qur'an can serve as guidelines for individuals to foster good character, establish harmonious social relationships, and uphold ethics in communication and interaction with others.
Copyright (c) 2026 Nur Jadidah http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0