Menelisik kembali sejarah era keemasan peradaban Islam pada masa Dinasti Abbasiyah

Abstract

This article aims to analyze the conflict between Bani Umayyah and Bani Abbas. This conflict was based on the struggle for power because both parties felt entitled to rule as descendants of Banu Hashim by using the literature study research method sourced from journals, books, and articles. Bani Abbas overthrew the Umayyad Dynasty with the support of the Turks and Persians. Under the Abbasid Dynasty, there was rapid progress, especially in the political field with the implementation of the monarchy system and in the field of science through the establishment of Baitul Hikmah, which made Baghdad the intellectual center of the Islamic world. This dynasty reached a golden age and became a symbol of the glory of Islam. However, internal factors such as power struggles, religious conflicts, and the independence of small kingdoms, plus external factors such as the Crusades and Mongol invasions, led to its decline. The Mongol invasions in the 13th century ended the Abbasid Dynasty and marked the demise of one of the greatest dynasties in Islamic history.