Pengaruh Khulafaur-Rasyidin terhadap pengembangan seni dan arsitektur dalam peradaban Islam

Abstract

This article aims to analyze the influence of the Rashidun Khulafaur on the development of art and architecture in Islamic civilization. The Rashidun Khulafaur, which consisted of the first four caliphs after the death of the Prophet Muhammad, namely Abu Bakr, Umar bin Khattab, Uthman bin Affan, and Ali bin Abi Talib, played an important role in shaping the identity of Islamic art and architecture. This research is a research that aims to identify, describe and understand the vernacularity of the legacy of Islamic civilization. The method used in this study is a qualitative descriptive method with purposive sampling. The results of the study show that the Rashidun Khulafaur played a major role in expanding and extending the legacy of Islamic art and architecture. They encouraged the development of the art of calligraphy, which is one of the most valued art forms in the Islamic tradition. Islamic calligraphy at that time reached a high level of expertise and was applied in various media, such as the Koran, paper art, and architecture. The leader of the Rashidun Khulafaur also supported sculpture, textile art, and miniature art, all of which reflect Islamic aesthetic values. In the field of architecture, Khulafaur Rasyidin built magnificent mosques, such as the Grand Mosque in Mecca and the Prophet's Mosque in Medina. The architecture of these mosques combines classical Arabic style with local innovations, such as the use of domes, arches and elaborate ornamentation. They built cultural centers such as libraries, universities and learning centers. Through the expansion of power and trade relations, Islamic art and architecture developed and gained influence from various local cultures and traditions.