Fikih kesehatan
Alasan darurat dalam telaah vaksinasi di masa pandemi
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has created a global health crisis that requires effective preventive measures such as mass vaccination. In Islam, vaccination must be evaluated based on Sharia principles, especially concerning halal status, necessity (adh-dharurah), and the objectives of Islamic law (maqāṣid al-syarī‘ah). This study examines the permissibility of vaccines from the perspective of Islamic health jurisprudence, focusing on the principle “al-dharurat tubih al-mahdhurat”—necessity permits the prohibited. Using a literature review of fatwas, MUI rulings, and contemporary fiqh sources, the study finds that vaccines containing non-halal elements are allowed if no halal alternatives exist and they serve to protect human life. The hifz al-nafs principle forms the foundation of this allowance. In conclusion, Islamic law is flexible and adaptive, providing solutions that prioritize public welfare and safety in emergency health situations.
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